164 QUEENSLAND AGRICULTURAL JOURNAL. [1 Sepr., 1902. 
In this latter case a portable engine is set up on the dock and utilised to 
run the necessary series of carriers. As shown in Fig. 19, the lower end of 
one of the carriers rests on wooden horses near the engine and receives the 
driving chain at that point. ‘his carrier drives the next, and that in turn 
drives a third, and so on to the point of delivery. The various carriers are 
hung from tripods of tubular steel by means of rope and tackle. 
The details of weighing and bagging are shown in Fig. 20. Cubical 
wooden hoppers, about 4 feet deep, receive the grain from the carriers. These 
wooden hoppers deliver on each side into square sheet-iron hoppers, each 
holding a bag of grain and hung on one end of a steelyard. As soon as the 
steelyard shows the correct weight, a slide in the bottom of the sheet-iron 
yoppes enables the weigher to deliver the weighed grain into a bag attached 
elow. 
Ini delivering to a canal boat the large wooden hopper may or may not be 
used. The grain belts are competent to deliver at once into cleeeron spouts 
which lead from the ship’s rail down into the canal boats; these spouts are 
tubular and jointed every 10 feet or thereabouts, so as to be somewhat 
flexible, and they allow, by additions and disjointings, for the rise of the ship 
in unloading or any relative displacement of the ship and canal boat. AIL 
these details may be studied out in the illustrations. 
The punts and canal boats used to carry grain in port, or on quiet waters, 
have a deck and a number of hatches, as pictured on Fig. 24, showing the 
unloading of grain punts at Liverpool. 
In American ports the grain punts have become more highly specialised 
than elsewhere. There, small elevators may be seen, built on to the centre o£ 
Fig 23.—A punt-elevator, that is, a grain punt on to the middle of which an elevating 
machine has been built. These boats are used in New York and other American ports. 1. The 
elevating belt. 2and 3. The spouts which by means of tackle are lowered into the holds of large 
steamships. These spouts when in position take the grain from the top of the elevating belt 1. 
The pasta of one of these punts is arranged so as to deliver all the contained grain to the foot 
of the elevator 1. 
punts used for no other purpose than the transportation of grain. The interior 
of these punts is arranged to deliver the cargo to the foot of the central 
elevator, and the latter is tall enough so that tubes from its top may be lowered 
into the hatches of the largest ocean-going steamers. 
These great vessels must be run with the utmost regularity, and must be 
detained in port as little as possible; accordingly the punt-elevators, as they 
may be termed, are built to cater to the necessities of these big steamers. All 
