1 Supr., 1902. ] QUEENSLAND AGRICULTURAL JOURNAL. 197 
leather ; it should not be removed either when setting for germination or for 
cooking. Beneath this again is another thin skin, generally red or reddish, and. 
adhering to the seed itself. In roasting or boiling it readily flakes off like the 
inner skin of a peanut, which it resembles in colour and texture. 
Tt seldom takes long to germinate, generally showing up in a few days. 
As may be gathered from the foregoing, the root growth is especially rapid, and. 
a plant 6 inches above ground will be found to have quite a foot of tap root. 
When about the size when plants are usually transplanted, it has often too 
much root to safely allow of its removal without a great deal of trouble. For 
this reason it is often advisable to set the seeds in the field or where the tree 
is intended to be allowed to grow. ‘The seedling is very hardy ; but if planted 
out where most useful—i.e., in the paddock—will require guarding for a year or 
two until out of reach of stock, for they will promptly eat it down if they can 
get at it. 
The tree requires a soil fairly free from large rocks or bedrock rather than 
a loose soil. I have known them thrive among boulders, but die out, even at 
ten years of age, when sheet-rock was met with 8 feet below the surface. 
They do not require rich soil nor heavy rainfall. Once established they draw 
moisture from great depths to the surface, and, while immediately under them 
the shade may be too dense for grass, pasture luxuriates in their immediate 
vicinity. For a hardwood tree it is quick growing, attaining a height of 15 to 
20 feet in four years, and usually coming into bearing about that time. 
QUEENSLAND CITRUS-GROWERS’ ASSOCIATION. 
We have received from Mr. R. M. Cooper, secretary of the above associa- 
tion, a few particulars concerning its formation and working. 
It sprang into existence at a meeting held at the Department of Agriculture, 
under the presidency of Mr. A. H. Benson, on 8th January, 1902, when the 
following gentlemen were present as delegates, representing various fruit-growing 
centres :—Messrs. W. H. Parker, Enoggera (Queensland Fruit.and Economic 
Plant Growers’ Association); Wm. Hielding, Redland Bay; L. Hugonin, 
Wellington Point (Wellington Point Agricultural, Horticultural, and Industrial 
Association) ; S. F. Walker, Upper Coomera (Agricultural and Pastoral 
Society of Southern Queensland) ; J. Holzapfel, Mount Cotton (Mount Cotton 
and Tingalpa Division Fruit Growers and Farmers’ Association) ; H. Soegaard, 
Nerang (Southern Queensland and Border Agricultural and Pastoral Associa- 
tion); BH. J. Burnett, Buderum Mountain (Buderum Mountain Coffee and 
Fruit Growers’ Association) ; J. C. Dixon, Mary street, Gympie (Razorback 
Fruit Growers’ Association) ; J. Rose, junr., Woombye (Maroochy Pastoral, 
Agricultural, Horticultural, and Industrial Association); B. T. McKay, 
Gympie and Maryborough (Tinana Farmers and Fruit Growers’ Association) ; 
J. Tench, Burrum (Burrum District Fruit Growers); A. Philp, junr., Mount 
Whitestone, Grantham (Lockyer Agricultural and Industrial Society); H. 
Roessler, Toowoomba (Drayton and Toowoomba Agricultural and Horticultural 
Society). 
A most interesting discussion took place; many valuable opinions were 
offered; and it was resolved to form the “ Queensland Citrus Growers’ Associa- 
tion,” and the following gentlemen were elected as the committee of 
management :—Messrs. H. Roessler, Toowoomba; J. C. Dixon, Mary street, 
Gympie; B. T. McKay, Gympie road, Maryborough; A. Philp, junr., Mount 
Whitestone, Grantham; W. H. Parker, Glen Retreat, Enoggera. 
A most cordial vote of thanks was tendered to Mr. Benson for presiding; 
and the committee met afterwards and elected Mr. W. H. Parker as chairman 
of directors. 
