1915.] von Huene, Reptiles in Cope Collection. 495 
projecting laterally. It strikingly resembles the Saurischia though not so 
broad as is usual in that group. A Phytosaurian tibia figured by H. v. 
Meyer (Paleeontographica VIII, 1859. Tb. 42, f. 1) shows the same tend- 
ency only the epiphysis is missing there. 
From these fragments it is impossible to determine the length of the tibia. 
Calcaneum: This is the most striking bone of the whole set, because at 
first impression it seems to have a likeness to the true Crocodilian calca- 
neum. Cope says: “The caleaneum has the form usual in crocodiles and 
especially in Belodontide.” As far as I know a Parasuchian (“belodont”’) 
caleaneum has never been found, or at least described, except this one, and 
from crocodiles it differs quite es- 3 3 
sentially. The Crocodilian calca- 
neum has three faces of contact 
(with fibula, distal tarsals and as- 
tragalus); this one (Fig. 15) lacks 
an articulation with the astragalus 
and the tuber has not the form 
usual in crocodiles; there is rather 
a slight resemblance to the cal- 
caneum of Hallopus (cf. Huene: 
Beitraige zur Geschichte der Archo- 
saurier. Geol. u. Pal. Abhandl. 13 
(17), 1.1914). The contour of the 
calcaneum in anterior aspect has a 
resemblance to that of a Pelycosaur 
rather than toa later reptile. It is Fig.15. Episcoposaurushorridus. Left cal- 
, caneum; a from behind, b front view, c me- 
known that the Phy tosaurian skull dial view; d lateral view, e from below. X 32. 
in many points has great similarity (Type: Cope, 1. c. 1887, p. 216.) 
to Pelycosaurs. Through the kind- 
ness of Mr. D. M. S. Watson of the British Museum I am enabled to give 
figures (Fig. 16) of the caleaneum of Erythosuchus afrocanus Broom which is 
also enlarged, but in another way than in crocodiles and Episcoposaurus. 
It does not possess a tuber, but is a broad and.thick plate rather similar to 
primitive reptiles. | 
The calcaneum of other Parasuchia is not yet known, but it is probable 
that all of them possessed large tarsals of the first row as 1s also indicated 
by the cited tibia of Phytosaurus kapfh. 
This kind of caleaneum as well as many other points illustrates the con- 
vergent adaptation in Parasuchia and Crocodilia (Fig. 17), which can 
never be derived directly from each other. It is a distinct development by 
itself. 
