1915.| Allen, American Deer of the Genus Mazama. 523 
proposed by Illiger, in a paper ! read before the Berlin Academy of Sciences 
early in the year 1811, but which was not published till 1815. In this paper 
Azara’s “Gouazoupita”’ was named Cervus rufus and his “Gouazoubira,” 
Cervus simplicicornis, the first being the red and the other the brown brocket 
of Paraguay, which country is of course the type locality of both species. 
Thus Illiger’s names, dating from 1815 and based on Azara’s descriptions, 
form the point of departure in the consideration of the systematic names of 
the species of the modern genus Mazama. 
In 1817, Frederic Cuvier (Dict. des Sci. Nat., VII, 1817, p. 485) gave 
names also to two species of Mazama, a red one and a brown one. ‘The 
red one was described under the name Cervus rufus and was based primarily 
on specimens in the Paris Natural History Museum, from Cayenne? with 
which he identified the Gouazoupita of Azara. Although the Cayenne 
red brocket proves to be specifically different from the red brocket of Para- 
guay, the name Cervus rufus F. Cuvier is preoccupied by Cervus rufus 
Illiger and cannot be used for the Cayenne form. Cuvier’s brown brocket, 
also from Cayenne, he named Cervus nemorivagus,® and he identified with 1t 
Azara’s Gouazoubira. As the names Cervus simplicicornis Illiger and 
Cervus nemorivagus F. Cuvier were given to quite different species both 
names are available. TIlliger’s names appear to have been overlooked by | 
most writers during the nineteenth century,. who used F. Cuvier’s names in 
place of them, or when both were known, Cervus nemorivagus was treated as 
a synonym of Cervus sumplicicornis. | 
The earliest name requiring consideration is Moschus americanus Erxle- 
ben (Syst. Reg. Anim., 1777, p. 324), which until recently has been regarded 
as unidentifiable, but of late attempts have been made to revive it for one 
of the brockets of the Guianas.t Its status is discussed at length later in 
this paper (see below, pp. 533-536). 
The next names in order of date to be considered are those of Kerr, pub- 
lished in 1792 in his ‘ Animal Kingdom’ (Nos. 662-671), who gave provisional 
names to 10 “uncertain species” of Mexican and South American deer. 
These names were based on Hernandes, Marcgrave, Barrere, De la Borde, 
and Buffon. The original accounts on which they rest prove to be for the 
most part brief references to deer, some of which it is evident relate to 
NA aC tub 8 ae GE eat ee a le eee ere 
1 Ueberblick der Saugethiere nach iherer Vertheilung iiber die Welttheile. Abhandl. d. 
Berlin Akad., 1804-11 (1815), pp. 39-160. Cervus rufus and C. simplicicornis, pp. 108 and 
117. Read before the Academy February 28, 1811, but not published till 1815. 
2 According to Sir Victor Brooke (Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1878, p. 925) the types are 
Nos. 535 (female) and 532 (young), from ‘*Surinam.”’ 
3 According to Brooke (Il. c.) the types are, ‘‘stuffed head of co! and skull of same (Cat. 
2223), Paris, in Mus. d’Hist. Nat. and Mus. .d’Anat. Comp.”’ 
4 Of. Osgood, Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Zodl., X, No. 5, p. 43, footnote, Jan. 10, 1912; 
Thomas, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (8), XI, p. 581, footnote, June, 1913. 
