to show in those troublous times. 
ee a eR ee Ce ee ee a ew 
ter, who were even using thorns in their place. 
___ NewEngland 
(CONSERVATORY 
OF MUSIC 
Boston, Mass. 
George W. Chadwick, 
Director 
Year Opens 
Sept. 21st, 1916 
The Largest and Best Equipped 
School of Music 
NORTH SHORE BREEZE and Reminder 
Located in the music center of America. 
ment and atmosphere so necessary to a musical education. 
organization, its imposing Conservatory Building, splendid equipment, 
and the Residence Building offer exceptional facilities for students. 
Compiete Curriculum. 
theoretical, including Opera. 
Owing to the practical training of students in our Normal Department, 
graduates are much in demand as teachers. 
The free privilege of lectures, concerts and recitals, the opportunities of 
ensemble practice and appearing before audiences, and the daily asso- 
ciations are invaluable advantages to the music student. 
A Complete Orchestra offers advanced pupils in voice, piano, organ and 
violin experience in rehearsals and public appearances with orchestral 
accompaniment, 
Dramatic Department. 
It affords pupils the environ- 
Its complete 
Courses in every branch of Music, applied and 
Practical training in acting. 
of their necessarily narrow lives when need arose. Mrs. 
‘Samples Crafts of Revolutionary fame was a splendid 
example of the courage and:coolness a woman had need 
There was a distressful 
need of pins and needles among the women of Manches- 
Boston 
-was invested by the British and no one dared to make 
market prices. 
the attempt to go there. No one, that is, dared to go 
except the good Mrs. Samples, who walked to Boston, 
eluded the sentries, got the needles and pins, eluded the 
sentries once more and returned to Manchester. She had, 
indeed, “done her bit.” Other women of this type were 
“Aunt” Martha Lee and “Mother” Dodge. Mrs. Abigail 
Hooper Trask was for many years the brightest beacon 
in Manchester’s financial world. She was a keen, kindly 
woman, intent only upon doing what she thought right. 
She was the widow of Capt. Richard Trask and at the 
time of her death, March 3, 1885, was the oldest resi- 
dent of Manchester at nearly one hundred years of age. 
Providence doubtless meant to make fishermen of 
Manchester men, else why did He place so many fish 
within their reach. The early records are filled with ref- 
erences to the abundance of fish, and in 1622 a proclama- 
tion gave to the Massachusetts Bay Company a monopoly 
“of fish and fish curing on the shores of New England.” 
The fisheries were a means of support to the seaboard 
and, indeed, to the whole colony. Vessels were fitted 
out and sent to many ports. These boats were of small 
size, often without decks, and in these the sailors faced the 
fiercest storms and wrested their living from the sea. 
The ships were sometimes of less than twenty tons, but 
this seems less a matter for exclamation when consid- 
ered in comparison with other important boats of early 
days, such as the craft in which such men as Christopher 
Columbus, Sir Humphrey Gilbert and Sir Hendrick Hud- 
son sailed across the ocean. Around Manchester even 
smaller boats were made for in-shore fishing. Those 
were pfosperous, if primitive, days. ‘The fish flakes were 
loaded with good hake and polluck that brought good 
The first flakes were probably on Gale’s 
Point, near the remains of the old wharf and on the 
opposite shore, where the Bartol house now stands. 
From these and other flakes schooners and brigs, loaded 
to the gunwales, were sent from Gloucester, Salem arid 
Boston, to Virginia, the West Indies and Southern Europe. 
They returned with freights of bacon, corn, salt, rum mo- 
lasses; ‘sugar and coffee. The date of the erection of the 
first flakes is not known, but in 1642 Jeffrey’s Creek was 
represented to the General Court as “much engaged in 
the fishery.” The fish industry was always encouraged 
by'the:General court and we may imagine that Manchester 
basked in the light of this approval. In 1630 this court 
ordered that fishing vessels be exempt from taxes and 
RALPH L. FLANDERS, General Manager 
fishermen from military duty. It is not strange, then, 
that the codfish was a symbol of prosperity in Massa- 
chusetts. An evidence of this is tne “sacred cod’* which 
hangs in the Hall of the House of Representatives in the 
State House at Boston. This was carved from wood by 
John Welch, patriot and signer of the first protest against 
the Stamp Act, at the suggestion of another patriot, John 
Rowe. This man on March 17, 1784, moved the General 
Court that such an emblem ought to be exhibited as a 
memorial of the importance of fisheries in the Common- 
wealth, and also to replace the codfish which had hung in 
the old State House, burned in 1747. 
Manchester suffered, as did the other colonies along 
the coast, from the jealousy England felt in regard to the 
fisheries. This feeling awakened very early over there, 
in the latter part of the 17th century, in fact, and existed 
so long that it finally culminated in the latter part of the 
next century in the passage of an act by Parliament for- 
bidding Americans from taking fish in Canadian waters. 
England, perhaps, was justified in feeling that the pros- 
perity of the colonies would work towards her own down- * 
fall, for the fisheries were indeed not only making the 
colonies rich, but were supplying them of men of the fin- 
est calibre, who were later to prove their independence 
when such acts as England’s in regard to the fish had 
brought about a great war. 
For about twenty years, there was a period when 
warfare might almost be said to have been one of the 
occupations of Manchester men. The fishermen of New 
England were always first to enter the ships and armies, 
and records prove that Manchester was no exception to 
this rule. In the Revolution Salem and Beverly alone 
sent 52 vessels as privateers with 750 guns. They did 
good work, these hardy fishers, as shown by the story of 
such battles as ‘Trenton and Long Island. In the War of 
1812, they were among the foremost in bravery and 
promptness. At about this time there were fifty masters 
of merchant vessels who were citizens of Manchester, 
and at one time and another there were ninety-one Man- 
chester captains of vessels in the foreign trade. This was 
a class of seamen that made Manchester known all over 
the world. At one time this little town had more captains 
in the merchant service than any other in Essex County, 
a goodly stock from which to draw in time of need. 
“What .became of that candidate for sister’s 
hand ?” 
“He won out. 
“Well ?” 
“He hasn’t redeemed any of his numerous pledges.” 
your 
And say!” 
Our doubts are traitors and make us lose the good 
we oft might win.—Shakespeare. 
