January  4,  1900. 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER. 
21 
•  Evergreens  and  Deciduous  Shrubs  for  a  Town  Churchyard  {T.  S.). — 
Box,  Yew,  and  Aucuba  japonica  are  the  best  evergreens  to  stand  the 
smoke  of  tovi'ns ;  Lilacs,  Snowberry  plants,  Laburnums,  Gueldres  Roses, 
and  common  Honeysuckle  the  best  flowering  deciduous  shrubs.  If  the 
ground  is  hard  it  ought  to  be  trenched  two  spits  deep,  as  the  plants 
ought  to  be  planted  before  the  first  half  of  March  is  out.  The  place 
should  be  kept  as  clean  from  weeds,  and  as  regularly  attended  to,  as  a 
gentleman’s  garden,  till  the  plants  are  big  enough  to  almost  meet. 
Names  of  Fruits. — Notice.— We  have  pleasure  in  naming  good 
typical  fruits  (when  the  names  are  discoverable)  for  the  convenience 
of  regular  sub?cribers,  who  are  the  growers  of  such  fruit,  and  not 
collectors  of  specimens  from  non-subscribers.  This  latter  procedure 
is  wholly  irregular,  and  we  trust  that  none  of  our  readers  will  allow 
themselves  to  be  made  the  mediums  in  infringing  our  rules.  Special 
attention  is  directed  to  the  following  decision,  the  object  of  which  is 
to  discourage  the  growth  of  inferior  and  promote  the  cixlture  of 
superior  varieties.  In  consequence  of  the  large  numher  of  worthless 
Aj/q^les  and  Pears  sent  to  this  office  to  be  named,  it  has  heeyi  decided  to 
name  only  specimens  and  varieties  of  approved  merit,  and  to  reject  the 
inferior,  %vhich  are  not  worth  sending  or  growing.  The  names  and 
addresses  of  senders  of  fruits  or  flowers  to  be  named  must  in  all  oases 
AVERAGE  WHOLESALE  PRICES.— CUT  FLOWERS. 
s.  d. 
B,  d. 
B.  d. 
B.  d. 
Anemones,  doz.  bunches... 
2  6  to  .5  0 
Maidenhair  Fern, doz. bnch 
6  0 
to  8  a 
Arums  . 
12  0 
18  0 
Marguerites,  doz.  bnchs. 
3  0 
4  0 
Asparagus,  Fern,  bunch... 
2  0 
2  6 
,,  Yellow,  doz.  bnchs. 
G  0 
9  0 
Carnations,  12  blooms  ... 
2  G 
3  6 
Mimosa,  per  bunch . 
2  6 
3  6 
Cattleyas,  per  doz . 
12  0 
24  0 
Mignonette,  doz.  bunches 
6  0 
8  0 
Christmas  Roses,  doz.  ... 
1  G 
2  G 
Narcissus,  white,  doz.  bun. 
2  G 
6  0 
Chrysanthemums,  white 
„  Yellow,  doz.  bunches 
3  0 
5  0 
doz.  blooms 
G  0 
9  0 
„  double,  doz.  bunches 
2  G 
4  6 
,,  yellow  doz.  blooms 
5  0 
8  0 
Odontoglossums  . 
5  0 
7  6 
„  bunches  var. 
0  6 
1  6 
Pelargoniums,  doz.  bnchs 
8  0 
12  0 
Eucharis,  doz . 
G  0 
8  0 
Poinsettias,  doz . 
15  0 
24  0 
Gardenias,  doz . 
6  0 
8  0 
Roses  (indoor),  doz . 
G  0 
8  0 
Geranium,  scarlet,  doz. 
,,  Red,  doz . 
G  0 
8  0 
bnchs . 
9  0 
12  0 
„  Safrano,  packet 
2  0 
3  0 
Lilac,  white,  bundle 
G  0 
8  0 
,,  Tea,  while,  doz.  ... 
3  6 
6  0 
Lilium  Harrisi,  12  blooms 
12  0 
180 
,,  Yellow,  doz.  (Perles) 
5  0 
7  6 
,,  lancifolium  album  ... 
3  G 
4  G 
Smilax,  bunch . 
5  0 
7  G 
„  ,,  rubrum... 
3  6 
4  6 
Violets,  Parma,  bunch  ... 
8  0 
10  0 
„  longiflorum,  12  blooms 
8  0 
12  0 
„  dark,  French,  doz. 
4  0 
5  0 
Lily  of  the  Valley ,.12  bun. 
18  0 
24  0 
„  „  English,  doz. 
3  G 
4  6 
be  enclosed  with  the  specimens,  whether  letters  referring  to  the  fruit 
are  sent  by  post  or  not.  The  names  are  not  necessarily  required  for 
publication,  initials  sufficing  for  that.  Only  six  specimens  can  be 
named  at  once,  and  any  beyond  that  number  cannot  be  preserved. 
They  should  he  sent  on  the  first  indication  of  change  towards  ripening. 
Dessert  Pears  cannot  he  named  in  a  hard  green  state.  The  practice  of 
pinning  numbers  to  the  eyes  of  the  fruits  tends  to  destroy  one  of  the 
most  characteristic  features  and  increases  the  difficulty  of  identification. 
When  Plums  are  sent  to  be  named  young  wood  of  the  trees  should 
accompany  them.  Leaves  of  the  trees  are  necessary  with  Peaches  and 
Nectarines,  with  information  as  to  whether  the  flowers  are  large  or  small. 
(W.  B.). — Early  Red  Calville.  (0.  N.). — 1,  Wyken  Pippin  ;  2,  Court 
Pendu  Plat;  3,  Dutch  Mignonne ;  4,  D’Arcy  Spice.  (E.  T.).— 1, 
Wellington  (Normanton  Wonder)  ;  2,  Ribston  Pippin  ;  3,  Beauty  of 
Hants  ;  4,  Newton  Wonder  ;  5,  Roundway  Magnum  Bonum  ;  6, 
Warner’s  King.  {C.  B.)  — I,  Bramley’s  Seedling  ;  2,  Dr.  Harvey  ;  3, 
Blenheim  Pippin  ;  4,  Cox’s  Orange  Pippin. 
Names  of  Plants. — We  only  undertake  to  name  species  of  cultivated 
plants,  not  wild  flowers,  or  varieties  that  have  originated  from  seeds  and 
termed  florists’  flowers.  Flowering  specimens  are  necessary  of  flowering 
plants,  and  Fern  fronds  should  bear  spores.  Specimens  should  arrive 
in  a  fresh  state  in  securely  tied  firm  boxes.  Thin  paper  boxes  arrive  in 
a  flattened  state.  Slightly  damp  moss,  soft  green  grass,  or  leaves  form 
the  best  packing,  dry  wool  or  paper  the  worst.  Those  arrive  in  the 
best  condition  that  are  so  closely  or  firmly  packed  in  soft  green  fresh 
grass,  as  to  remain  unmoved  by  shaking.  No  specimens  should  be  sent 
to  rest  in  the  post  office  over  Sunday,  on  which  day  there  is  no  delivery 
of  postal  matter  in  London.  Specimens  in  partially  filled  boxes  are 
invariably  injured  or  spoiled  by  being  dashed  to  and  fro  in  transit.  Not 
more  than  six  specimens  can  be  named  at  once,  and  the  numbers  should 
be  visible  without  untying  the  ligatures,  it  being  often  difficult  to 
separate  them  when  the  paper  is  damp.  (AT.  Y.  Z.j. — 1,  Lnculia 
gratissima  ;  2,  Justicia  carnea ;  3,  Paper  White  Narcissus.  (L.  R.). — 
1,  Pteris  longifolia ;  2,  Woodwardia  radicans  ;  3,  Davallia  canariensis ;  4, 
Asplenium  viviparum  ;  5,  Adiantum  cuneatum  grandiceps  ;  6, 
Asparagus  plumosus  nanus;  the  latter  is  not  a  Fern  as  you  suppose. 
{Evergreen). — 1,  Taxns  baccata ;  2,  Ligustrum  ovalifolium  (the  Oval 
leaved  Privet);  3  Thuiopsis  dolabrata;  4,  Cuprestus  Lawsoniana, 
seedling  form ;  5,  Thuia  Lobbi ;  6,  Retinospora  ericoides.  (F.  0.). — 
Crotons  come  within  the  category  of  florists’  flowers  and  can  only  be 
named  by  comparison  in  a  large  collection. 
PLANTS  IN  POTS. 
Arbor  Vitss,  var.,  doz.  ... 
Arums,  per  doz . 
Aspidistra,  doz . 
Aspidistra,  specimen 
Chrysanthemums,  per  doz. 
Crotons,  doz . 
Dracaena,  var.,  doz . 
Dracaena  viridis,  doz. 
Erica  various,  doz . 
Euonymus,  var.,  doz. 
Evergreens,  var.,  doz.  ... 
Ferns,  var.,  doz . 
s. 
d. 
6. 
d. 
6 
0to36 
0 
18 
0 
24 
0 
18 
0 
36 
0 
15 
0 
20 
0 
G 
0 
12 
0 
18 
0 
80 
0 
12 
0 
30 
0 
9 
0 
18 
0 
30 
0 
60 
0 
6 
0 
18 
0 
4 
0 
18 
0 
4 
0 
18 
0 
B. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
Ferns,  small,  100  . 
4 
0 
to  8 
0 
Ficus  elastica,  each . 
1 
6 
7 
6 
Foliage  plants,  var.,  each 
1 
0 
5 
0 
Lily  of  Valley,  per  pot  ... 
1 
6 
2 
6 
Hyacinths,  Roman,  per  pot 
1 
G 
3 
6 
Lycopodiums,  doz . 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Marguerite  Daisy,  doz.  ... 
10 
0 
18 
0 
Myrtles,  doz . 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Palms,  in  var.,  each 
1 
0 
16 
0 
,,  specimens  . 
21 
0 
63 
0 
Poinsettias,  per  doz. 
15 
0 
3G 
0 
Solanuras,  per  doz . 
9 
0 
18 
0 
A  BOON  TO  MARSHLAND. 
Most  educated  people  have  a  fair  workable  knowledge  of  geography 
— or  at  any  rate  they  think  they  have — but  it  really  is  wonderful  how 
often  we  can  be  caught  tripping.  We  do  not  learn  everything  at 
school,  and  there  are  many  parts  of  dear  old  England  (divisions  we 
might  say)  the  names  of  which  are  totally  unknown  to  us.  We 
remember  years  ago  how  a  batch  of  boys  and  girls  were  “  floored  ” 
at  the  examination  of  the  Cambridge  Local  by  the  request  to  place 
Ludlow  and  point  out  the  Doldrums. 
We  fancy  we  know  all  the  shires  of  England  by  heart,  but  have 
many  south  country  people  heard  of  Ilallamshire  and  Plowdenshire 
with  Marshland  and  the  Isle  of  Axholme  ?  We  believe  Sheffield  is 
the  capital  of  Ilallamshire,  and  in  days  gone  by  there  was  a 
horse  fair  held  in  Howden,  second  only  to  Lincoln.  Howden  was  in 
CO  VENT  GARDEN  MARKET. — January  3rd. 
AVERAGE  WHOLESALE  PRICES.— FRUIT. 
Apples,  English,  per  sieve 
„  Canadian,  barrel 
Cobnuts  per  100  lb.... 
Grapes,  black  . 
„  Muscat . 
Artichokes,  green,  doz.  ... 
Asparagus,  green,  bundle 
„  giant,  bundle 
..Beans,  Jersey,  per  lb . 
,,  French  Kidney,  lb. 
„  Madeira,  basket  ... 
Beet,  Red,  doz . 
Brussels  Sprouts,  h  sieve... 
Cabbages,  per  tally 
Carrots,  per  doz. 
Cauliflowers,  doz. 
Celery,  per  bundle 
Cucumbers,  doz. 
Endive,  doz. 
s.  d.  8.  d. 
3  0  to  7  0 
Lemons,  case  . 
s. 
4 
d.  8.  d. 
0tol5  0 
10  0 
15  0 
Melons  . each 
0 
6 
1  6 
10  0 
17  0 
Oranges,  per  case  . 
„  Tangierine,  box... 
5 
0 
15  0 
60  0 
70  0 
0 
6 
1  9 
0  G 
3  0 
Pears,  Californian,  case... 
Pines,  St.  Michael’s,  each 
6 
0 
9  0 
1  0 
5  0 
1 
0 
6  0 
lOLESALE 
8.  d.  s.  d. 
PRICES.— VEGETABLES. 
8.  d. 
s.  d. 
3  0  to  4  0 
Herbs,  bunch  . 
0 
2  to  0  0 
5  0 
6  0 
Leeks,  bunch  . 
0 
3 
0  0 
15  0 
20  0 
Lettnce,  doz . 
1 
6 
2  0 
1  0 
1  6 
Mushrooms,  lb . 
0 
6 
0  9 
010 
0  0 
Mustard  and  Cress,  punnet 
0 
2 
0  n 
3  0 
4  0 
Onions,  bag,  about  1  cwt. 
4 
0 
4  6 
0  6 
0  0 
Parsley,  doz.  bunches  ... 
2 
0 
4  0 
2  0 
3  0 
Potatoes,  cwt . 
2 
0 
5  0 
7  0 
0  0 
„  Teneriffe,  cwt.... 
18 
0 
28  0 
2  0 
3  0 
Seakale,  doz.  baskets 
12 
0 
15  0 
3  0 
5  0 
Shallots,  lb . 
Spinach,  per  bushel . 
0 
3 
0  0 
1  0 
1  3 
5 
0 
7  0 
4  0 
8  0| 
Tomatoes,  per  doz.  lbs.  ... 
2 
0 
6  0 
2  G 
0  0  1 
Turnips,  hunch . 
0 
3 
G  4 
the  heart  of  a  really  good  coach-horse  breeding  district,  and  you  would 
see  there  the  elite  of  London  buyers.  Howden  is  not  what  it  was  ; 
the  demand  for  coach  horses  of  the  old  type  does  not  exist,  and 
although  at  Howden  you  may  find  many  a  real  good  Irish  hunter, 
and  may  be  English  ones  too,  Howden  may  write  Ichabod  above  its 
gates.  Where  is  Howden?  Sail  up  the  Humber,  noting  with  interest 
the  rich  t.'acts  of  land  on  either  side,  pass  the  point  where  the  Trent 
pours  its  large  volume  of  water  iijto  the  estuary,  and  finding  yourself 
in  the  Ouse  travel  up  as  far  as  Howden  Dyke  or  Booth  Ferry.  Then 
you  have  the  port  of  Goole  on  one  side  and  Howden  on  the  northern 
bank.  In  old  days  the  truffle  across  Howden  Dyke  and  Booth  Ferry 
was  enormous.  You  may  see  at  Booth  Ferry  still  a  gigantic  old  house, 
once  the  inn,  with  its  ranges  of  stabling  and  ample  accommodation  for 
man  and  beast.  Now  it  is  turned  into  a  farm  house.  No  need  for  the 
hostelry  now.  The  N.E.  Railway  has  done  away  with  the  coaches, 
and  the  big  weekly  markets  have  superseded  the  fairs.  Goole  is  com¬ 
paratively  a  modern  port;  we  have  watched  it  grow,  and  its  vigour  is 
such  that  we  can  put  no  limit  on  its  capabilities.  It  is  the  centre  of 
a  purely  agricultural  district  situate  on  a  wonderful  waterway;  inleed. 
