548 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER. 
Rose  Show  Fixtures  in  1900, 
June  30th  (Saturday).— Maidstone  and  Windsor. 
July  3rd  (Tuesday). — Westminster  (R.H.S.),  and  Gloucester. 
„  4th  (Wednesday). — Croydon,  Ealing,  Farningham,  Hereford, 
Eeigate,  and  Tunbridge  Wells. 
„  6th  (Thursday). — Bath,  Norwich,  and  Sutton. 
„  7th  (Saturday). — Crystal  Palace  (N.R.S.). 
„  10th  (Tuesday). — Harrow  and  Wolverhampton.f 
,,  11th  (Wednesday). — Brockham  and  Formby. 
„  12th  (Thursday). — Brentwood,  Salterhebble,  Woodbridge,  and 
Eltham. 
„  13th  (Friday). — Ulverston. 
,,  14th  (Saturday). — Manchester. 
„  17th  (Tuesday)  Carlisle. 
,,  18th  (Wednesday). — Cardiff.  * 
„  19th  (Thursday). — Birmingham  (N.R.S.)  and  Helensburgh, 
„  21st  (Saturday). — New  Brighton  and  Newton  Mearns. 
,,  24th  (Tuesday). — Tibshelf. 
„  25th  (Wednesday). — Newcastle-on-Tyne  +  and  Belfast.* 
„  26th  (Thursday). — Bedale. 
*  Shows  lasting  two  days.  •)*  Shows  lasting  three  days. 
Summer  Treatment  of  Roses. 
The  successful  cultivation  of  Eoses  by  whatever  method  they  are 
grown  is  largely  governed  by  correct  treatment  in  summer.  On  light, 
dry,  hot  soils  mulching  is  necessary  in  order  to  prevent  the  rapid 
escape  from  the  surface  of  the  limited  amount  of  moisture.  Additional 
supplies  of  liquid  food  must  also  he  given  as  sustenance  for  the  roots, 
much  of  the  available  moisture  present  in  the  ground  during  the 
earlier  part  of  the  year  being  either  appropriated  by  the  roots  or 
draining  away  in  the  subsoil.  This  is  especially  the  case  with  old 
Roses,  which  being  of  large  size  and  having  a  strong  system  of  roots 
make  heavy  demands  upon  the  nutriment  available.  With  an 
unlimited  rooting  medium  they  can  and  do  find  what  they  require, 
but  Roses  are  frequently  grown  where  they  have  not  this  advantage, 
hence  a  deficiency  arises  if  the  supply  of  moisture  is  not  duly 
maintained. 
The  results  accruing  from  this  make  a  decided  mark  upon  the 
future  success  of  the  plants,  if  not  upon  their  present  condition  in 
lessening  the  vigour  of  the  display  of  bloom.  If  the  failure  of 
support  occurred  soon  enough  in  the  season,  it  would  affect  the 
blooming  to  a  large  extent,  as  at  that  time  support  generous,  unfailing, 
and  regular  is  needed  for  the  full  development  of  the  blooms,  and 
imparting  to  them  depth  and  richness  of  colouring.  An  adequate 
supply  of  moisture  not  only  benefits  the  blooms,  but  assists  the 
healthy  and  vigorous  production  of  new  growths.  Much  of  the 
unsatisfactory  progress  made  by  Roses  is  due  to  dryness  in  the  soil. 
Something  may  be  due  to  poverty  of  soil,  but  a  dry  soil,  however 
good,  cannot  help  being  poor  during  the  time  it  remains  in  a  dry 
condition. 
Health  and  vigour  are  the  great  antidotes  to  insect  pests  and 
fungoid  attacks.  These  evils  can  only  make  headway  when  plants  are 
at  a  standstill  as  regards  summer  growth.  A  temporary  cessation  of 
progress  may  cause  an  attack  of  aphis,  but  permanent  checks  induce 
troubles  which  are  more  lasting  in  their  effects.  Mildew  is  perhaps 
one  of  the  greatest  foes  to  Roses,  because  when  it  takes  possession  it 
is  difficult  to  completely  eradicate  it.  The  best  remedies  are  sulphur 
lor  the  leaves,  and  moisture  and  food  for  the  roots. 
Frequent  syringing  of  the  foliage  duriug  the  warm  weather  is 
undoubtedly  a  great  advantage  for  Roses  on  walls  and  other  positions 
where  rain  and  dew  do  not  easily  reach  the  foliage.  Clear  water  is 
all  that  is  necessary  when  there  are  no  insects  present,  but  soajry 
water  or  soapsuds  will  prove  efficac’ous  if  green  fly,  w  hich  attacks  the 
points  of  young  shoots,  or  the  yellow  fly,  which  commits  so  much 
havoc  on  the  under  sides  of  the  leaves,  happen  to  be  present. 
The  summer  pruning  of  Roses  is  not  generally  necessary,  though 
gross  shoots  and  weakly  spray  may  he  removed  with  advantage. 
Banksian  Roses  should  be  pruned  after  flowering,  cutting  out  shoots 
of  a  gross  character  and  removing  the  tips  of  those  retained.  Mosses, 
Provence,  Austrian,  and  Penzance  Briars  require  the  old  shoots 
removed  in  summer  after  Jhey  have  bloomed.  Dead,  decaying,  and 
exhausted  wood  is  best  removed  w^henever  it  is  noticed.  Immediately 
flowers  fade  pick  them  off  the  plants.  As  the  growth  of  climbers 
advances  secure  it  to  the  wall  or  the  training  space  to  be  filled.  This 
gives  an  opportunity  to  properly  fill  the  area  without  crowed ing  and 
insures  the  thorough  ripening  of  the  wood. — E.  D.  S. 
June  28,  1900. 
Hardy  Flower  Notes. 
With  June  there  comes  a  greater  richness  of  beauty  than  the  earlier 
months  can  give,  though  the  beauty  can  be  of  no  higher  order  than 
that  of  the  winning  days  of  spring.  With  the  early  days  of  the  month 
the  outdoor  Roses  generally  appear.  The  grand  Roses  which  are  so 
fine  on  the  show  board  have  no  want  of  supporters  in  the  columns  of 
the  Journal',  and,  besides,  not  one  of  these  had  opened  at  the  time  of 
writing.  A  Monthly  or  two  have  appeared,  but  they  are  so  accom¬ 
modating  and  so  floriferons  that  one  never  wonders  to  see  their  blooms,, 
whether  they  come  at  midsummer  or  in  midwinter.  It  is  not  so,  how¬ 
ever,  with  the  Rose  species,  some  of  which  have  begun  to  appear. 
There  are  a  few  beautiful  blooms  on  Rosa  rugosa.  Pine  also  is  the 
Rose  known  as  altaica.  A  few  days  ago  I  saw  a  great  bush  of  Rosa 
sericea  with  a  host  of  beautiful  single  creamy  white  fiowers.  The  little 
buttons  of  the  double  yellow  Scotch  Rose  will  open  in  a  day  or  two. 
They  will  soon  be  accompanied  by  the  others  of  the  family,  whose 
flowers  have  inspired  many  songs  and  tales. 
Shrubs  and  trees,  large  and  small,  are  also  full  of  glorious  or  of 
quiet  loveliness.  Laburnums  and  pink  and  scarlet  Thorns  are  to  th& 
garden  what  the  common  Hawthorn  is  to  the  field.  Full  of  beauty  are- 
they.  One  naturally  turns,  however,  to  the  things  which  are  less 
seldom  seen.  Cytisus  scoparius  Andreanus  has  found  its  way  into  favour 
more  rapidly,  perhaps,  than  any  shrub  of  recent  introduction.  Very 
beautiful  is  a  huge  bush  of  it  when  covered  with  its  brown  and  golden 
flowers.  By  the  rustic  stone  steps  in  the  garden  is  a  fountain  of  the 
white  Portugal  Broom,  than  which  nothing  looks  finer  against  its  back¬ 
ground  of  fresh  green  Ivy.  Prized  because  of  the  pleasing  variegation 
of  white  and  green  in  its  foliage  is  Cytisus  scoparius  variegatus.  It 
must  be  said,  however,  that  this  colouring  takes  from  the  effect  of  the 
golden  flowers  which  always  show  so  well  in  contrast  with  the  deep 
green  of  the  typical  plant.  Then  there  are  the  varieties  of  Cytisus 
purpureus  witb  their  varied  shades  of  purple,  none  being  prettier  than 
C.  purpureus  incarnatus.  But  one  must  turn  to  other  things. 
There  is  nothing  in  the  garden  at  the  present  time  finer  than  the 
German  Irises  with  their  marvellous  colouring.  They  are  so  numerous 
in  their  varieties,  and  all  are  so  beautiful,  that  one  can  hardly  pick  out 
a  few  and  say  “these  are  the  best.”  The  new  Irises  will  gradually  come 
into  the  market,  but  no  one  need  wait  for  them,  for  the  oldt-r  varieties 
are  beautiful  enough  to  give  pleasure  with  their  charming  flowers  and 
that  wonderful  colouring,  which  defies  description,  and  strikes  one  with 
increasing  admii’ation  as  the  flowers  are  studied  with  keenest  scrutiny. 
These  German  or  Bearded  Irises  are  never  so  happy  as  in  a  place 
where  they  can  be  roasted  in  summer  and  have  full  exposure  to  the  sun 
at  all  times.  Six  inches  of  soil  on  a  wall  or  roof  will  grow  them 
well  providfcd  they  are  “  anchored  ”  by  having  stones  placed  on  the 
rhizomes. 
The  glory  of  some  gardens  now,  and  the  pride  of  their  pwners,  lie  in 
the  spikes  of  a  few  of  the  Eremuri,  whose  fortunes  in  our  gardens  the- 
writer  has  followed  with  much  interest.  They  have  been  seen  where 
their  magnificence  was  indisputable ;  they  have,  alas !  been  seen  and 
heard  of  in  gardens  where  disappointed  owners  could  only  lament  their 
inability  to  grow  them  so  as  to  persuade  them  to  flower.  There  is  no 
infallible  treatment  which  can  be  advised.  One  thinks  and  proves 
that  they  will  grow  best  with  him  in  a  semi-shaded  position,  while 
another  finds  they  do  best  in  full  sun.  One  advocates  deep  soil,  and 
another  can  grow  them  well  on  a  hard  bottom  with  only  6  inches  of 
loam  and  manure — 3  inches  above  and  3  below  the  roots.  So  noble 
are  the  Eremuri  that  one  will  do  well  to  persevere  with  them,  even  if 
success  should  not  at  first  reward  one’s  efforts. 
The  Pink  is  likely  to  remain  a  favourite  flower,  though  the  laced 
varieties  of  the  florists  are  at  present  under  a  cloud,  awaiting,  perhaps,, 
the  time  when  the  artisan  who  succeeded  the  hand-loom  weaver  will 
wend  his  way  to  the  outskirts  of  our  overcrowded  cities,  and  find  health 
and  pleasure  in  growing  flowers  as  did  his  predecessor  in  pre-factory 
days.  The  border  varieties  do  not  lack  favour,  though,  and  none  are- 
greater  favourites  than  the  deliciously  scented  white  Pinks.  One  which 
1  recently  saw  was  named  Bradwell  White;  it  is  a  fine  flower,  large, 
and  of  great  beauty  and  perfume.  One  of  its  highest  merits  is  also 
its  grand  healthy  growth  and  the  sturdy  upright  stems  on  which  its 
flowe,rs  are  produced. 
One’s  pen  could  run  on  in  telling  of  flowers  as  they  appear,  and  of 
the  host  now  in  bloom.  The  delightful  little  Hebanthemums  or  Sun 
Roses,  and  the  Cistuses  or  Rock  Roses  open  to  the  morning  light,  and. 
when  dull  days  prevail  last  longer  than  in  the  brighter  hours.  The 
Candytufts  have  not  yet  left  us,  while  the  tall  Lupins  rise  above  their 
lowlier  brethren  just  as  some  sacred  fane  towers  far  above  the  less 
stately  dwellmgs  around.  Columbines  of  many  hues,  and  with  long 
and  short  spurs,  dangle  from  their  stalks,  though  many  flowers  have 
passed  away  and  are  now  followed  by  their  horned  seed  pods. 
Then  what  can  one  say  of  the  Poppies  without  incurring  the  wrath  of 
those  who  despise  their  “flaunting”  cups?  I  saw,  a  while  ago,, 
some  plants  of  Papaver  ruporient,  the  hybrid  from  P.  rupifragnm  and 
P.  orient  ale.  A  charming  plant  is  this,  surpassing  the  other  hybrids  1 
have  from  the  tame  parents.  Thus  might  one  run  on  telling  of  the>; 
flowers ).’  J  lu’,  were  it  not  that  they  are  too  many. — S.  Arnott. 
