±3  ±  2. 
Xsr=x  I_  IS*" 
1H 
tOURSaL  OF 
cr  'Ji 
^CULTURE 
rr  ~”r 
9*jr 
x  lift  rsp«n  t  it  wins  zizrrr.zis  f ar  -_b*  sort  af  dx  roai.rns- 
■g-T  i'rl  TL,i  Hllial)  ir^-C_T  i  gaal  I'll*  till  Xil  It  V'JTL  ¥»_ 
Taei  a*  a  ir.ii  at*  t*  rr  lb*  rcmsskaZ  ft.  a*  of  rift  eaii  grarag* 
man  for  preasmiig  frrn  faring  regtri  rr  ia  rotary  sfrer 
aaiug  iars  •trj*r'S»r  rr  rift  •  -  rig  purasc.  Ix^rjutia  rr 
-ftW  firt/esao®  at'*  aeea  xta*  rris  rrft  txapaaes  rf  rift  7 :yt- 
HarrieiLrncii  SteaKj  tai  rrft  repast  rf  rrft  Danobsa  rat:  t»* 
sjcc  :mei  rr  credits:  rift—  vx*  pnafafod  rr  ro*  rf  rift  Saxe rj  ♦ 
:  rmuiL  Tift  vt»  rrft  reverse  of  sxrarctgiaz.  tai  rf  rrft  erperi- 
cftaa  prtnd  ssyra  a~  .;  a-  rrft  rxarri  rtoleaea  af  rrft  araoees. 
Frrr:  casr  ift  cep*  in  rr  tr-nasitij  xtr*  far  xtara*  rr 
jt sir*  mi  tire:  raft.  rr:  r*  r  r'air*  rrr  rft  cm  7  dserrayei  ta: 
atf  rrft  frr_:  tsw&i  rr  rift  *r  per  xeai  _r  coe*:  rrr  t»  reaisrei 
Qiftftse. 
I:  ft  ae.aaer  17  srjaag  frrr;  aar  freer  xg  :r  tmar-a^x  rat:  :* 
-rr-  i-  -  araram  rf  ra*  sai  car  ift  xrretsei  rr  rrft  raxxacy 
rr  1:  extern  rat:  ft  sr  graar  b*stcres  aar  car  ra*  r  ~tarag  af 
xier  arratri*  far  rat  ararasrire  af  rare  bowever  irb&iesame, 
rr  ra-  r*anratu>g  rf  pcsrareukl  arrbf'if  rf  .AppJef  grain,  far 
eat  a;  cm  rc  eaeeec  *-t.s*  rrft  fttaitrr  rf  rat  frra:  rr  sanxaacg 
tparasra  ag  raa;  rf  rrft  sported  rear  a  at  rat:  ft  sari  a  rcera 
rr  rft  criftTssre*  tar  oara^iea.  Il  ft  iemakie  rat:  matt  eta 
ae  raa*  x  .maranif  rat  fra.:  af  taraea:  arratri  tree*  far  a  ax* 
aanBuiry.iar  -  ar  art.  _**  *iaxi  rft  raa*  tar  m*  taam  ratr 
rrarr  gaar  at*.  lmbec  frrrr  rrrrarr.ag  'cteaasag  feei-tg.  tar 
grtf.ag  aa:  aar  aa*  taxea:  ire*  at;  rf  a  raar-tar  aar  at 
rati*  rr  praiae*  frr:r  ratr  aar  bait  ft  m  _a  arc  tat'cei* 
tpiaftr  rr*  praiue*  rf  young  tree*  rf  m*b-* aasea  -nirkjift*  r  xrrer 
r  gaai  meli-pmjpand  sa_  tar  *  ai  errer  rr  t  rum  ift  rf  saaar 
-  rti  1  ifiini 
Tat  aa;  %'*  trr  «nr*  aacrse  rr  fr.rv  r  t~aarra^  a.tft'r.t 
rrr  ir'eratrar  a  arc  atriaat  frrar  enpaij  ft  _x  rrft  ficBeass  ffitr 
ar  jatrfti  tar  r  i*  rr  a*  feared  ratr  ra*  atrtift  rf  aaraftc 
rcaaa-  riant  iaatr  .a  raeir  'trj  aarre*  at^%  t  r@na*si5j  rr  i.-^rr 
ra*  naiiit  af  ra*r  fevra  rrft  bats  af  t_  raaraart  —  t^tsa^stric 
a  tar_iig  tar  ar_:  'triar  —  far  aarta  aj  frrar  af  rift  ara  ar. 
ftxatbsaa*.  tar  ft  seraat  ratr  aa  aratr  eta  atj  fca  tar  i*  ft 
*>aatl  tftrftftrriat  rr  r'ft?r-  tar  sasmtaaen. 
Trotr  ?'/a  -r*c>  at-ftc  «a: tar  rata  raa**  af  rift  _tr*  X'. 
rarft;  aberi  rr*:  a-  «t.r  Tat  at*,  frr  r  j  rat  arararr  af 
er^rj-fftr  *ai  tar  atr/Ttvad  rt^tar  tai  r  .•  eaaaartgm?  ra 
tarn  ratr  art  a**r  aarae-gra^t  .irrfts*  rf  ra*  .ift:  set- at  *  acre 
rfttftfti  re  a*'  ratr  taj  ratr  r*tratr  arc  ratrt*e*  f  •  air 
tarati.  "  *  vtar  raa:*  af  ra*  aacr  tai  ra*r  ata  aa  r  a* 
rcadaaai  aj  ra*  titra  s*  af  tarai  rri'ra*ar  tar  raaa _ ?*ar 
rarr.-a*  ra-raica  af  erjrft  «.r>ai_ 
Terr  ra  ra*  trrrrar  ra*  arattar  ft  ra*  ate:  rira*  far  aitteag 
rrsftft  af  t  e  aa.  fa*  a**fr  ar  ar  at  rata  rt  anrpatti  Ta*  *  n*..:ag 
af  ra*  aai*  ft  ra*  r  -ta  .aatar.r*  vr  ra*  .'raftC.tr*  pradaraar  rf 
fc**.i  raa:  a  art*-  .;.  r  *aarraaa*  ta.ara:  af  trea a?  r  -tarrag  it  iaa* 
. r  -rtrst  tar  jrt'i*a>  tar  ra*  wree  ft  .a  brkk  pra^rtet  aav  T  a* 
a«a*r  .  rravrrtrt  aa.  a:  .a  a-aarr.araa?  ra  taas*»*  .e  ra*  rtf  a?  rf 
tpeciti  at'*  .r  irtftr  '«  ra*  raart  raaftr  rr  rrtaer.  If  ra*T  trr.  t* 
i.rT  ratr  *  aaiar  a*  r -ta*>i  rr  vtr*:  far  sara*  aatEc*  ar  ra*  rrtft* 
t*r^r  vtr  raat  tar  art  tea.  ay  fyrra^ag  tai  eartr  ag  ».ra  itrar 
.rat v.  Tata  tf-.ar  aeva  ag tl  rraetra  raart  taaaarrir  -itar  ag  at:*- 
fr.-vtar  »*  .  taarrta  ag  v*  atat  ra*  iaag  rrraag  artarat#  far 
rtcaaag  ta*  tvtarctr. r*  trefta*  ar:  l%T,ag  t..  ra*  taarr  tar 
>  rat.*:  :i*  :  fr  .  -*igtr  frr  ra*.c  rtra.at.  bar*  rr  a*rr*aar  i-sn*t 
t*  fcvat  t-  a*  ra*  rrttt  n  .11  a*  a  rear./  **itb  .*a*c  5/1 
:ra»aata.*  v.ra*  af  :.r*rr  atj  gcaw  ana*  u  n*..  t*  :  ra**  p.taftc 
rrr  1  tar  :aa*ft  trr.-.-  ra  aa:  v  .  atrt  t  g-'**.:  tr  •  tr rtg* 
r.*z:  >fttt>aa  a^t:  r:*>*t  tat:  rat?  a*  ^itartr  t:  rift  tar  af  rift 
prttftsa*.  >tt:  J/trt  ra*  >.tar  agaf  frv.trst>w  ga  aa  tar  f  air 
* r*o*  agt  t't  ra  a*  c.a^ravtr  r'a*  wark.  ra  'ft  «t:i*ftsryrr.  sas 
-ft  raa*  r  aa*:  ra*  *r^*rv  */aa  af  *z atrft.,  if  aar  raa:*  atria  rata 
gaar  -.at  v  -ft  aaa*  tar  at*  a*ta  raa*  by*  rft  atrra?  af  *.:*ft*  by 
'.  a  rrtaatr  v.*a  v .  aar :  tzpft/ftaatr  g-r  .r.taa*. 
_  a.  .  =0  fti _  ft  c  L cJ:  I  a  .  S  ft  r 
3j  pr.etr*  griaia  v*  ia.r  fa:  pgrcatiier:  *il  :>*T  rrmtan  af 
arc  :  ^-1.:  iir>e*»e:  17  rrca  arft.r  tii*  t»  =:  rata 7  :f  ra*  -ftaartier  f  amtt 
rf  ra:  :*  tr*  tai*  rr  rr^*  aonx  af  ▼  aaai  vift:  :ca*fm*ger  -cfat.7 
lift  rat*  r_rftt  rf  **ft>citftLaa  n-  ra  rift  nrarfx_  accnatare.  n  - 
*r*c  rata  actj  a»*  v*  aw  t  sees.:  “TCftCj  rf  ftargr*i*rrag  grttai* 
tar  '**.r:.~'  ti'  car*  n_a*a  ram  *aarur7*i  -wr-rr  tr*  ftfifteatij 
tatarei  rr  ran  tr  raerre*  rrcrar»*.  tai  rit*  *7*  rf  rarr*  v  T  nar 
fti  rr  ftft!a:rr*c  taaaata :  aroarmftftfts  far  ra*  ish  atai  rr  tiara 
n-as.:  aatj  a*  tai  rfrea  a.  ra*  tft'Tftcaij  a/taa  ar  ra*  anrtaj 
artcrirt-  7  ran.  rift  nUsK  rf  saai  aaa**s  rr  ra*  -ntcTa**!  rf 
r-rrurt-  ro**  ratr*  an  aa;  117  arr  vat:  rf-*  zaar*  ar  itri  17 
far  ra*  pvrzrjst  br:  rift  itrrer  tr*  73*  est  -  traeatar*  rr  raft 
rr*taaft;a:  ra  r*  tiranaatl  rat-n  tar  eatrtcrer 
la  t_  etts**.  tai  far  Ttnam  arraa***.  ra*  -  *e**t  rf  frria  cart 
r".caia*iai  :  far  fr*j*  a«*  .2  oamaacmrryt  aa*taa«*ft  v'aea  rtr.ag 
rst  icvjftn  _arr  non:  a*.ag  t  aarang  f*a.rrr*  rr  .n  ftfam. 
ft.*  tr  *rgftr  far  ra*  trtgtft  x  sr::-  of  taac:  laaifts  v. it  I  cam 
af  aieaxig  vtn-a  r  r*ft  sari  xa.  ^*c¥t.  «*rftcauL  tai  ra  rr:*ft 
aoaaee  n-aer*  ▼  in ri  tar  t  r:rr**aaaix^:  i*gr*ft  rf  raaisrrc*  tr* 
aa*iart:a*r  ra*  e.iarftr  riti  'f  a  -xr  x  rr*  210*000*%- — ra*  rear* 
— n-  ra  rrfrt  rf  arc  rar igexnrt  7*jra-ftc*  raa**.  at;  -  t  faxafttnaa 
far  ta  *rr  rx  af  ~-e-r xr*  atrrjr-afttri7  a^esmg.  C  anmax  tt  »  rac* 
raa~  fa*  ii  arc  Traars  :  eta  a*  gtra*rr*r  r7  nrriatit.  aa*  a*x*c 
t;r*s  af  tirx:-.ag  irt  aetrrj  tai  l:t  :a  fxrxg  ra  r>rt ;c*ft  ra* 
i*s*rr*  rr  et_  *7  a  araper  atia*  erna**  rrraag  aa'.x  ra*  at^iag  ra 
e'jxf*^*  wa  *axft  r.atx*  rat:  1:  »  xacamx  a*sae*  t  etxft’ft  n  _ 
tSHOQUT  ru*  rr  grtxfj  ra*  *:i.rarit.  *7*  tai  ax  area  raj 
atrea***. 1 
Ta*  a*er_;txa7  taaar  raft  raas  ft  ratr  a  trr  7  ca  ii  rf  7' tract 
«  ::  ft  :  ftcr  j  *t*  *ft  x  ra*  iftx:  tai  xaftca**  rf  t  rrorosai  aaae* 
n-a*x  j'.^agT  eaagrag  rr  r’a*  -ft-gra  earc  axr  ax  taj  ara*c 
faxaitxaa  .:  iaTtrx.a.j  Kiekta*  ar  «xlct  tar  vxiekb  r i*>*  Tai* 
tacxg  -r  rr  tara*  i;rai*  a-tarxg.  rf  n'aiea  aaar*  taix 
aariaag  rr  a*  a** ctr  wara  aa*  tretra iaa — xx.  raft  rr  tn  e.rxfttr 
tigaag  arrxia*ft  t  at-aaxr  far  •  agt  tar  ara*c  a ***a*ft_  .7  *■* 
ra-fts*  xar  nn  aarieti  ra*  't>:  r.f*r*)ae*  w  **  1  t  at**  *rtg* 
tar  r  a*  sr  arta*c  ri  aaee.a.  j  rxixk  ratr  *aea  «naT  gtia*  tr* 
xar rr  ra*  etafti*  waanmoi  x  etrerxng  rasxa 
Oi  ra*  areai  eauenaa  af  raa  a*rcata*xr  bwmxoto.  rf  arc 
r  ta:  iflos?  ra*  vti  a*j*c  aa  j  ae  aatamairfe.  Htaaj  k  ta*  an 
trar  at*  t  atek  n  i  rr  iat  aaany*.  tar  ataaftc  teii  if  a*  at*  ta  eai 
aa*  rar  7" -  at*  I  tr  «xr*.  iati*  'a*  a**r  as*  rf  «arr  tr  araic- 
raa  17  ar:  I  aatj  ;*at*i-  x  at** rag  ratr  aa*  af  if  aar  ra*  a*»r 
a**  J  r»T*  s*s*jt  x-ta*  rf  raa*  t  ratrr.x  vt*  ratr  rf  t  rr-ajr.a.  liars* 
x  »nrr  :a*  atec  n't!  w«  eiara*i  f  r  racy*  'trft'*.i*ft  af  .fi~ei:T- 
atxriia* — fxag*a».  Tcaa-tant  tai  tarca*} r  xat  reta*airbeeecL  T  a**>* 
r  ;ta:*r  tr  ra*  at***  rf  ri*  nt  at:  eiMxa*r  rr  ra*  rar  saxa* 
Ii  f**'  tar  riftxe*  reataier  .x  aag  «r*%ra*c*  rt*»*  *;r  tea. 
'.ria.tar  'u'/Bsanft  tai  •»***  t*  asefx  t*  rrat*a*x'x  ay:ag  xaea 
rertci  vifta  an;  t*  r*x_ftrt  far  I  aag  rrexa^t  >■?«*.  7  ear* 
.*  t.*r  tr  *i**tar  nt_  5  xa*c  far  t  aaraass*  ta  >:  far  :a*t%  ra 
ra*  Jt'g-fti  seti*  rat**  .*  ar  aaaftc  axa:  ratr  ra*  Iiaa*r*c-t  r>«iof 
I  eraae-ft:  rr  rift  tre '  ee:  a*  ag  tar  atvia?  a**x  saaft'.r.ag  af  t 
uaarn  n  i»  carrysag  x*  f  terra*  :ata  I  ta  *r.**  a  x&eeeear?  aeae* 
•sr*  tI  *■*'.•. *a  rr  ra*  ertrot  -ra*c*  aawfia.7  tr  aaei  rg  *u«a  ra 
laser:  t  f*w  hierr. 
7  s  v  afft-T*.*  lat'ftr.t.  as*  «t*ew  t:*  rata*  n'lftr.ii**  af  •»  var 
car  ar  ttr*.  raft  rirgiB  earn  ft  *  graft  «  ta  ergx-g  la  ra*  rwa 
tr:*c  etse*  t  *  ta*rta  rtl  .trr  t  r  tiang  ra*  at-;;  r  v  „  a*ra ar* 
tr  '  eft  a;  fatartirar  far  rt  _  aj?  ax  a*  earc  As  aa*  *  ra*  I  user 
'borer  *  rt  *  far  r:  -  puraas *  at:  ra*  it:  aetr-  'c  rg  *'  a  *  vat: 
eaa*raeaarai  *  aea  msasr  rr  eta  rcerrr  rc*  a  -  ga*  »  gave  t 
gnr  tar  tr*  tl  act  xr»  ;«.ai*  -rtget  geaert  .7  be  ag  earesod 
r.  r  same  xr .'tree-aac  rg  ia*r  ttt  eaer  t-  :  a*  gc»se  a*e*r%  rc 
r:ae*  irtrer.t  set  grtne  put  treatgr  t  at  *  arr  xe-  aei  ae>*  ft 
e  eta  tar  rrrgrt  tar  r*n  et.  -fterari  em  at:  t  *  gx:  er^er  rg 
ri  frrr:  t  frorbalf  f'c  »trian>  rnag*  aser  r  at'gat  r  trrxg 
naa'ft.ag.  rf  eatrs*  rat:  xa*«rt.**  j*  t  :ettx*er  ;  y*r.  it  ett 
•jsrlT  a*  reexaacer  ratt  arc  wrieet  ;r  t  .  >  patsei  ft  xa*e  a* 
.es*  xeta*  ra  rat:  ear — rb*  :eteutgaa  af  x'.m.t:* 
argaae  ag  arr  titg  rg  ae:ag  erger  r  1  earc  ft  ame-er  taax: 
tr  xer  reer  n  ra  ra*  xtreox  xexxaaer  a*  tarxc  af  r  ti  .  ag 
iae**. 7  era ■  j*:*  a  ra*  x*er*.  >aa  rf  *  rat  eta  ag-  raarei  aaet  a* 
prefereae*  xtt  .afriO*  rf  ra*  earc  aarxrt'7  tai  f*ix  :  x*  ra 
rixe  t:  aar  xaxear*  *r*ty  aieeet  ar  seer _xg  Cera*  »■ a* 
eaxfarrtaiT  taecer  ia  uaril  ra*  eag*  rf  aur  tstget  aeavxe*  t 
ring  of  aetet  y.  tai  t  ;:n  far — sty  me. eexar:: raer  pas*  aJy 
it  m  atT*  aeeax*  t  rrft  raceu.pt.  In  t  .  t:  :a*  r'**er: 
setsaa  geae.'t  'ft  ft  etse,  vut  eax  ag  t*  :  t»a<*  uri*a  **  «.:* 
seiriig  at:  rot:  arise*  :r  a:ae*  far  taarae:  :auar  :a*  *  *eta  latr 
ae  errp.a? ec  ra  a.  r  :ae  rn**  eaoeert  e^as*  i*/j  a*  :aa>  tar  ar* 
erg  ag  v  I  arete  _a:a  f*e*r  betury  t.iaar,  luixeratres-i 
