394 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER. 
May  6,  1897. 
and  Eyebright  being  the  only  novelties  of  note,  except  a  promising 
Feedling  of  Mr.  Harrison’s.  White  edges  were  not  of  great  excellence, 
the  ODly  varieties  to  rival  Acme  being  Mr.  Horner’s  Magpie  and  Miranda. 
Selfs  were  excellently  Bbown  by  Messrs.  Horner,  Lord,  Bentley,  and 
S. monite.  The  ubiquitous  Mrs.  Potts  was  in  good  form.  Mr.  Horner’s 
Midnight,  Dusk,  Esrydice,  Favourite,  and  Titania,  and  Mr.  Bentley’s 
Gerald  completely  throw  into  the  shade  most  of  the  older  varieties. 
Alpines  were  magnificently  shown.  In  this  popular  class  the  number 
of  fine  novelties  was  almost  bewildering.  Mr.  Goiton  had  some  superb 
unnamed  seedlings  Mr.  A.  B.  Brown  proved  that  the  southern  florists 
were  in  no  ways  behind  the  men  of  the  north.  Mr.  Beswick  showed 
Richard  Gorton,  a  beautifully  proportioned  variety  of  uncommon  shade 
of  bright  brownish  red,  which  deservedly  won  the  prize  for  the  best 
Alpine  in  the  exhibition.  Mr.  Lees  had  also  a  charming  white  ground 
seedling.  Mr.  Bentley  showed  Charles  W.  Needham,  which  is  all  an 
Alpine  needs  to  be,  and  the  exhibits  of  Messrs.  Buckley,  Stelfox,  and  Lord 
showed  that  they  thoroughly  knew  how  this  charming  flower  ought  to  be 
grown.  In  Polyanthuses  Messrs.  Thornlev,  Beswick,  and  Stringer  showed 
the  old  varieties  in  good  style,  and  Mr.  Prescott  showed  two  promising 
seedlings.  The  Judges  made  the  following  awards  : — 
Class  A. — Six  dissimilar  Auriculas. — First,  Rev.  F.  D.  Horner,  Barton- 
in-Lonsdale,  with  Earydice  and  Midnight  (seifs),  Magpie,  Mrs.  Henwood, 
Shirley  Hibberd,  and  Geo.  Lightbody.  Second,  Mr.  T.  Lord,  Todmorden, 
with  Mrs.  Potts,  Rev.  F.  D.  Horner,  Prince  of  Greens,  seedling  green 
edge,  George  Lightbody,  and  Acme.  Third,  Miss  Woodhead,  Halifax, 
with  Mrs.  Potts,  Rev.  F.  D.  Horner,  George  Lightbody,  Traill’s  Beauty, 
and  Acme.  Fourth,  Mr.  W.  H.  Midgley,  Halifax,  with  Mrs.  Potts,  Rev. 
F.  D.  Horner,  Rachel,  George  Lightbody,  Conservative,  and  Mrs.  Dod- 
well.  Fifth,  Mr.  A.  R.  Brown,  Birmingham,  with  Mrs.  Potts,  Rev.  F.  D. 
Horner,  George  Lightbody,  Richard  Headly,  Heather  Bell,  and  Black 
Bess.  Sixth,  Mr.  G.  Middleton,  Prestwich,  with  Negro,  Rev.  F.  D. 
Horner,  George  Radd,  Rachel,  Smiling  Beauty,  and  John  Waterston. 
Seventh,  Mr.  J.  Clements,  Birmingham,  with  Mis.  Potts,  Rev.  F.  D. 
Horner,  Brunette,  C.  E.  Brown,  George  Rudd,  and  Mrs.  Dodwell.  There 
were  nine  exhibits  in  this  class. 
Class  B. — Four  dissimilar  Auriculas. — First,  Rev.  F.  D.  Horner,  with 
Favourite,  self  ;  Shirley  Hibberd,  Greyhound,  and  Miranda.  Second,  Mr. 
W.  Kershaw,  Ashton-under-Lyne,  with  Mrs.  Potts,  Rev.  F.  D.  Horner, 
George  Lightbody,  and  Mrs.  Dodwell.  Third,  Mr.  T.  Lord,  with  Mrs.  Potts, 
Rev.  F.  D.  Horner,  George  Lightbody,  and  Acme.  Fourth,  Mr.  W.  H. 
Midgley,  with  Mrs.  Potts,  Rev.  F.  D.  Horner,  George  Lightbody,  and 
Acme.  Fifth.  Mr.  J.  Wood,  Staleybridge,  with  Blue  Peter,  Rev.  F.  D. 
Horner,  W.  Brockbank,  and  Heather  Bell.  Sixth,  Mr.  A.  E.  Brown, 
with  Mrs.  Potts,  Rev.  F.  D.  Horner,  George  Lightbody,  and  Heather 
Bell.  Seventh,  Mr.  Stelfox,  Staleybridge,  with  Blue  Peter,  Mars,  Rachel, 
and  Heather  Bell.  There  were  sixteen  exhibitors  in  this  class. 
Class  C. — Pairs  of  Auriculas. — First,  Mr.  E.  Shaw,  Moston,  with  Mrs. 
Potts  and  George  Lightbody.  Second,  Mr.  Kershaw,  with  Rev.  F.  D. 
Horner  and  Acme.  Third,  Mr.  R.  Gorton,  Eccles,  with  John  Hannaford 
and  Heather  Bell.  Fourth,  Mr.  J.  Stokes,  Birmingham,  with  Mrs.  Potts 
and  Rev.  F.  D.  Horner.  Fifth,  Mr.  G.  Thornley,  Middleton,  with  Mrs. 
Potts  and  Traill’s  Beauty.  Sixth,  Mr.  J.  Stelfox,  with  Mrs,  Potts  and 
Geo.  Rudd.  Seventh,  Mr.  J.  W.  Bentley,  Middleton,  with  Mrs.  Potts 
and  Rev.  F.  D.  Horner. 
Class  D. — Pairs  for  maiden  growers. — First,  Mr.  J.  Harrison, 
Congleton,  with  George  Rudd  and  Seedling.  Second,  Mr.  W.  Stringer, 
Middleton,  with  Mrs.  Potts  and  Acme.  Third,  Mr.  W.  M.  Shipman, 
Altrincham,  with  Mrs.  Potts  and  Rev.  F.  D.  Horner. 
Class  E. — Single  plants,  green  edges.— First  and  second,  Rev.  F.  D. 
Horner,  with  Hamlet  and  Orient.  Third,  Mr.  Lord,  with  a  Seed¬ 
ling.  Fourth,  Mr.  Midgley,  with  Rev.  F.  D.  Horner.  Fifth,  Mr. 
Simonite,  Sheffield,  with  Seedling.  Sixth,  Mr.  Kershaw,  with  Seed¬ 
ling.  Seventh,  Mr.  Lord,  with  Prince  of  Greens.  Eighth,  Rev.  F.  D. 
Horner,  with  Shirley  Hibberd. 
Class  F.— Single  plants,  grey  edges.— First,  Miss  Woodhead,  with 
Rachel.  Second.  Rev.  F.  D.  Horner,  with  Seedling.  Third,  Mr. 
E.  Shaw,  with  Dinham.  Fourth,  Mr.  Lord,  with  Geo.  Lightbody. 
Fifth,  Rev.  F.  D.  Horner,  with  Eyebright.  Sixth,  Mr.  Kershaw,  with 
Richard  Headly.  Seventh,  Mr.  Shaw,  with  Conservative.  Eighth,  Mr. 
T.  Buckley,  with  George  Rudd. 
Class  G.— Single  plants,  white  edges.— First,  Mr.  Lord,  with  Heather 
Bell.  Second,  Rev.  F.  D.  Horner,  with  Magpie.  Third,  Mr.  Lord,  with 
Smiling  Beauty.  Fourth,  Mr.  Lord,  with  Acme.  Fifth,  Rev.  F.  D. 
Horner,  with  Miranda.  Sixth,  Miss  Woodhead,  with  Conservative. 
Seventh,  Mr.  Stelfox,  with  Dr.  Kidd.  Eighth,  Mr.  Wood,  with  Frank 
Simonite. 
Class  H.— Single  plants,  seifs.— First,  Mr.  Lord,  with  Mrs.  Potts. 
Second,  Rev.  F.  D.  Horner,  with  Dusk.  Third,  Mr.  Bentley,  with 
Gerald.  Fourth,  Rev.  F.  D.  Horaer.  with  Eurydice.  Filth,  Rev’.  F.  D. 
Horner,  with  Titania.  Sixth,  Mr.  Simonite,  with  Seedling.  Seventh, 
Mr.  Lord,  with  Red  Perfection.  Eighth,  Mr.  Midgley,  with  Heroine. 
Premier  Auricula,  Rev.  F.  D.  Horner,  with  Mrs.  Henwood. 
Alpines. 
Class  I.— Six  dissimilar  Alpines.— First,  Mr.  A.  R.  Brown,  Birming¬ 
ham,  with  Fred  Knighton,  Winnifred,  Dr.  Knott,  A.  A.  Jones,  Countess, 
and  J.  F.  Kew.  Second,  Mr.  T.  Buckley,  with  Dr.  Durnford,  John  Allen, 
Mrs.  Beswick,  Bright  Eyes,  Forest  Queen,  and  Dr.  Knott.  Third,  Mr. 
R.  Gorton,  with  Dreadnought.  John  Allen,  and  four  fine  seedlings. 
Fourth,  Mr.  J.  Stelfox.  with  Bright  Eyes,  Dr.  Knott,  Dr.  Durnford, 
John  Allen,  Emir,  and  Forest  Queen.  Fifth,  Mr.  J.  Beswick,  with  Bright 
Eyes,  Mrs.  Beswick,  Forest  Queen,  Rev.  F.  D.  Horner,  Mr.  Gorton,  and 
Dr.  Durnford.  Sixth,  Mr.  T.  Lord,  with  Bright  Eyes,  Dr.  Durnford, 
John  Ashton,  Mrs.  Dodwell,  Nora,  and  John  Allen. 
Class  J. — Four  dissimilar  Alpines.— First,  Mr.  Beswick.  with  John 
Allen,  John  Ashton.  Bright  Eyes,  and  Dr.  Durnford.  Second,  Mr. 
Buckley,  with  Bright  Eyes,  Dr.  Knott,  Dr,  Durnford,  and  John  Allen. 
Third,  Mr.  A.  R.  Brown,  with  Dr,  Knott,  Defiance,  John  Allen,  and 
Unique.  Fourth,  Mr.  R.  Gorton,  with  Pluto  and  three  seedlings.  Fifth, 
Mr.  Stelfox,  with  Bright  Eyes,  Dr.  Koott,  Dr.  Durnford,  and  John  Allen. 
Sixth,  Mr.  Lord,  with  Bright  Eyes,  John  Ashton,  Charles  Turner,  and 
John  Allen. 
Class  K. — Pair  of  Alpines. — First,  Mr.  Bentley,  with  Dr.  Durnford 
and  C.  W.  Needham.  Second,  Mr.  Stringer,  with  Forest  Queen  and 
John  Allen.  Third,  Mr.  Wood,  with  Emir  and  Bright  Eyes.  Fourth, 
Mr.  Middleton,  with  Troubadour  and  Diadem. 
Class  L. — Single  plants,  yellow  centres. — First,  JSIr.  Lord,  with  John 
Allen.  Second,  Mr.  Gorton,  with  Seedling  136  Third,  fourth,  and 
fifth,  Mr.  Stelfox,  with  Emir,  Dr.  Knott,  Dr.  Durnford.  Sixth,  Mr. 
Lord,  with  Bright  Eyes. 
Class  M. — Single  plants,  white  centres. — First,  Mr.  Beswick,  with 
Seedling  117.  Second,  Mr.  L^es,  with  Seedling.  Third,  Mr.  T.  Lord, 
with  Exonian.  Fourth,  Mr.  Beswick,  with  Henry  Pomroy.  Fifth,  Mi. 
Brown,  with  John  Ashton.  Sixth,  Mr.  Beswick,  with  Countess. 
Best  Alpine  in  the  show,  Richard  Gorton,  shown  by  Mr.  J.  Beswick. 
Polyanthuses. 
Class  N. — Three  dissimilar,  black  grounds. — First,  Mr.  Thornley, 
with  Cheshire  Favourite,  Exile,  and  Mrs.  Brownhill.  Second,  Mr.  Bes¬ 
wick,  with  Cheshire  Favourite,  Exile,  and  Mrs.  Brownhill.  Third,  Mr. 
Stringer,  with  Lancashire  Hero,  Cheshire  Favourite,  and  Mrs.  Brownhill. 
Class  O. — Three  dissimilar,  red  grounds. — First,  Mr.  Beswick,  with 
Lancer,  Middleton  Favourite,  and  George  IV.  Second,  Mr.  Thornley, 
with  Sidney  Smith,  Middleton  Favourite,  and  George  IY.  Third,  Mr. 
Stringer,  with  Sidney  Smith,  Middleton  Favourite,  and  George  IV. 
Class  P. — Single  plants,  black  grounds. — First,  Mr.  StriDger,  with 
Mrs.  Rrownhill.  Second,  Mr.  Greenhalgh,  with  Cheshire  Favourite. 
Third,  Mr.  Prescott,  with  Seedling.  Fourth,  Mr.  Beswick,  with  Exile. 
Fifth,  Mr.  Beswick,  with  Lancashire  Hero. 
Class  Q. — Single  plants,  red  grounds, — First  and  second,  Mr.  Thornley, 
with  George  IV.  and  Middleton  Favourite.  Third  and  fourth,  Mr.  Bes¬ 
wick,  with  Lancer  and  William  IV.  Fifth,  Mr.  Thornley,  with  Sidney 
Smith. 
HARMFUL  and  HARMLESS  GARDEN  MOTHS— 3. 
’Tis  possible  that  I  may  at  some  time  or  other  have  remarked 
in  these  columns  that  the  name  of  “  hawk  moths  ”  does  not  seem 
very  suitable  for  the  group  of  insects  to  which  it  belongs.  They 
have  not  the  ravenous  qualities  of  the  bird,  nor  its  remarkably 
keen  vision,  and  even  the  rapid  fliers  amongst  these  moths  are 
scarcely  hawk-like  in  movement.  Peculiar,  too,  was  another 
appellation  given  by  the  old  entomologists  ;  they  called  these 
moths  (large  and  small)  the  Sphinxes — not  because  the  insects 
presented  a  perplexing  riddle,  but  on  account  of  the  attitude  of 
repose  assumed  by  certain  of  the  caterpillars,  which  they  fancied 
had  a  resemblance  to  the  famous  Egyptian  Sphinx.  It  has 
been  stated  in  several  books  that  one  of  the  local  names  for  them 
is  moth  owlets,  but  I  rather  incline  to  think  that  belongs  to  some 
of  the  furry,  greyish,  slow-moving  moths  of  the  Bombyx  tribe 
which  occur  about  gardens  at  dusk.  Possibly  the  larger  hawk 
moths,  such  as  the  unicorn  or  Convolvulus  and  the  Privet  species, 
might  a  little  distance  off  be  mistaken  for  diminutive  bats. 
Unlike  the  death’s  head  moth  the  Convolvulus  Sphinx  has  a 
remarkably  long  tongue,  which,  even  when  flying,  it  stretches  out, 
and  thus  suggested  its  other  name,  but  of  course  it  is  also  the 
possessor  of  two  proper  horns  or  antennas.  In  gardens  its  special 
attraction  is  said  to  be  the  flowers  of  the  Petunia,  beside  which 
many  an  entomologist  has  patiently  watched  in  vain,  for  the  insect 
is  generally  rare,  though  some  seasons  specimens  appear  all  over 
the  country.  It  is  one  of  those  species  of  moths  which  have  been 
thought  to  be  more  numerous  every  seven  years,  but  about  this 
there  is  a  doubt.  A  large  and  handsome  moth  ;  though  not  very 
brightly  coloured  in  the  wings,  the  body  is  conspicuous. 
A  friend  tells  us  that  one  morning  an  old  lady  he  knew  was 
startled  to  discover  a  specimen  in  repose  upon  her  doormat.  She 
did  not  venture  to  approach  it,  so  slipping  out  the  back  way  she 
called  in  some  neighbours,  and  they  stood  round  it  with  curiosity 
or  fear.  Her  cat  had  joined  the  party,  and  as  the  moth  quivered 
its  wings  slightly,  puss  clapped  her  paw  upon  it,  and  thus  ended 
their  perplexity.  The  caterpillar,  presumably  a  feeder  by  night,  is 
seldom  seen  ;  it  occurs  on  both  the  wild  and  garden  Convolvuluses 
during  summer,  also  it  is  stated  sometimes  to  eat  the  leaves  of 
Balsams. 
Most  gardeners  have  seen  upon  the  Privet  hedges  in  August  or 
September  the  caterpillars  of  the  Privet  hawk  (Sphinx  Ligustri), 
which,  when  nearly  adult,  is  notable  by  its  showy  stripes  of  white 
and  violet  upon  a  light  green  ground.  Perhaps  it  is  for  this  reason 
that  this  caterpillar  is  chiefly  visible  early  in  the  morning,  and  at 
