Augrust  29,  1896. 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER, 
215 
Wasbln§r  Soda  for  Growing-  Crops  of  Brussels  Sprouts, 
Cauliflowers  (^1.  Q.  G.'). — Although  it  is  generally  considered  that 
soda  in  any  form  is  not  necessary  as  a  manare  we  have  found  it  of  great 
value  from  a  hygienic  point  of  view,  and  proved  that  it  profits  the  plant 
by  rendering  it  sturdier  in  growth  and  hardier  in  constitution,  thus  able 
to  contend  better  against  fungal  pests.  It  also  acts  as  a  manure. 
The  soda  should  be  crushed  fine  and  distributed  evenly  on  the  ground, 
using  ^  oz.  per  square  yard,  1  lb.  per  rod,  cwt.per  acre  as  a  minimum, 
and  1  oz.  per  square  yard,  2  lbs.  per  rod,  3  cwt.  per  acre  as  a  maximum 
dressing.  The  amounts  for  the  larger  areas  are  slightly  in  excess  of  the 
quantities  per  square  yard,  but  on  lesser  areas  the  substance  can  be  used 
with  greater  regularity,  and  growers  must  exercise  judgment  in  respect 
of  the  amounts. 
Aralla  splnosa  Beaves  Diseased  (P.  Palmer'), — The  leaves  of 
the  Angelica  tree,  a  very  useful  plant  for  sheltered  spots  in  pleasure 
grounds,  are  infested  with  the  (until  recently)  rare  leaf-spot  fungus 
(Ovularia  rufibasis,  Masses  ;  Peronospora  rufibasis,  Berkeley  and  Brown), 
which  is  occasionally  found  on  the  under  surface  of  leaves  of  Myrica 
gale,  the  native  habitat  of  the  fungus  in  this  country,  but  unfortunately 
it  attacks  other  plants  of  a  sub-shrubby  nature.  The  fungus  produces 
spots  on  the  leaves,  pallid  on  the  under  side,  with  corresponding  bright 
brown  spots  on  the  upper  surface,  which  extend  or  run  into  one 
another  by  the  growth  of  the  mycelial  hyphse  within  the  tissue  of  the 
leaflets,  which  it  abstracts  of  their  contents,  young  leaves  curling 
upwards  and  the  tissues  dying,  so  that  the  affected  parts  fall  out  or 
become  brown  and  shrivelled.  On  the  older  leaves  it  causes  them  to 
assume  the  autumn  tints  prematurely,  and  they  frequently  fall  before 
the  proper  time,  consequently  the  plant  is  much  weakened.  The  fungus 
pushes  erect,  simple,  aseptate  conidiophores  sparingly,  with  an  abrupt 
apex  and  a  minute  apiculus  supporting  a  single  conidium,  which  is 
variable  in  shape,  obovate,  ovate,  or  elliptic  oblong  (usually  the  latter), 
and  colourless.  This  conidium  (spore)  caused  trouble  in  other  parts  of 
the  plant  or  on  other  plants  of  a  suitable  nature  for  yielding  nutrition, 
but  it  is  not  uncommon  for  the  plant  to  be  badly  infested  one  year  and 
the  next  absolutely  free  from  the  disease.  As  a  rule,  however,  the 
disease  re-appears,  sometimes  after  an  interval  of  several  seasons,  and  is 
quite  as  malignant  as  during  the  original  attack.  We  can  only  recom¬ 
mend  dusting  the  plant  with  Fostite  powder  or  other  of  those  advertised, 
commencing  with  the  first  expanding  leaves  and  repeating  at  intervals 
so  as  to  prevent  the  infection  of  the  plant  by  keeping  the  growth  as 
made  coated  with  the  fungicide.  Dressing  now  will  do  little  beyond 
preventing  the  spread  of  the  fungus,  while  arresting  the  growth  of  the 
parasite  in  the  plant  by  the  absorption  of  some  of  the  copper,  and 
destroying  the  mycelium.  Afford  the  plant  a  sheltered  situation  and  a 
well  drained  soil. 
Pear  Deaves  Discoloured  (_H.  J.  IF.). — There  is  no  parasite  or 
any  organism  likely  to  cause  the  browned  and  destroyed  condition  of 
the  leaves — at  least,  we  cannot  discover  any,  nor  any  trace  of  there 
having  been  such  attacks.  The  appearance,  however,  is  that  of  attack 
from  the  Apple  and  Pear  blight  “  bacteria,”  or  splitting  fungus  (Micro¬ 
coccus  anglovorus)  ;  but  we  cannot  discover  any  germs,  which  are  only 
Just  discernible  with  a  microscopic  power  of  700  diameters.  We  were 
in  hopes  that  this  malady  would  be  confined  to  the  American  orchards, 
but  during  the  last  three  years  we  have  seen  blackened  growths  on 
Apple,  Pear,  and  other  pomaceous  fruits  which  leave  no  doubt  of  their 
being  caused  by  the  “  bacteria  ”  accompanying  the  clamminess  of  the 
discoloured  parts.  The  spores  have  a  vacuole  or  space  inside,  so  that 
each  floats  in  atmospheric  air  when  dry,  and  are  thus  carried  through 
the  air  by  the  slightest  wind,  and  they  losing  the  vacuole  by  contact 
with  air  descend  ;  not  everywhere,  as  generally  supposed,  but  are 
attracted  to  locations  and  hosts  favourable  for  the  development  of  the 
one-celled  plants.  This  we  have  proved  both  in  Myxomycetes  (jelly 
fungi),  Schizomycetes  (splitting  fungi,  or  so-called”  bacteria  ”),  as  well  as 
in  fungi  proper.  The  germs  can  gain  access  through  the  tips  of  growing 
shoots  when  soft,  succulent,  and  clammy,  and  no  doubt  they  occasionally 
enter  through  cracks  in  the  bark.  Little  of  this  occurs,  or  is  likely  to 
occur  in  this  country,  for  our  springs  are  so  gradual,  and  frosts  occur 
so  frequently,  that  the  germs  do  not  muster  until  June  or  later,  when 
the  tissues  of  Apple  and  Pear  trees  are  practically  proof  against  bacterial 
invasion.  Nevertheless,  we  meet  with  blackened  leaves  and  shoots  occa¬ 
sionally,  which  is  certainly  induced  by  constitutional,  climatic,  or 
cultural  conditions  specially  favouring  the  micro-organisms.  Without 
these  bodies  we  have  browned  and  blackened  leaves  both  indoors  and 
outdoors,  and  the  cause  is  usually  traceable  to  excessive  moisture  on  the 
leaves  or  to  such  supplies  of  food  as  are  poor  and  watery.  This  may 
be  the  state  of  your  trees.  We  can  only  advise  attention  to  the  roots 
and  soil  at  the  proper  time,  lifting  and  root-pruning  if  necessary,  and 
during  growth  avoid  syringing. 
Names  of  Fruits. — Notice. — We  have  pleasure  in  naming  good 
typical  fruits  (when  the  names  are  discoverable)  for  the  convenience  of 
regular  subscribers,  who  are  the  growers  of  such  fruit,  and  not  col¬ 
lectors  of  specimens  from  non-subscribers.  This  latter  procedure  is 
wholly  irregular,  and  we  trust  that  none  of  our  readers  will  allow 
themselves  to  be  made  the  mediums  in  infringing  our  rales.  Special 
attention  is  directed  to  the  following  decision,  the  object  of  which  is 
to  discourage  the  growth  of  inferior  and  promote  the  culture  of  superior 
varieties.  In  consequence  of  the  large  number  of  worthless  Aj>ples  and 
P ears  sent  to  this  office  to  be  named,  it  has  been  decided  to  name  only 
specimens  and  varieties  of  approved  merit,  and  to  reject  the  inferior, 
which  are  not  worth  sending  or  growing.  The  names  and  addresses  of 
senders  of  fruit  to  be  named  must  in  all  cases  be  enclosed  with  the 
specimens,  whether  letters  referring  to  the  fruit  are  sent  by  post  or 
not.  The  names  are  not  necessarily  required  for  publication,  initials 
sufficing  for  that.  Only  six  specimens  can  be  named  at  once,  and  any 
beyond  that  number  cannot  be  preserved.  They  should  be  sent  on  the 
first  indication  of  change  towards  ripening.  Dessert  Pears  cannot  be 
named  in  a  hard  green  state.  (J.  31.). — We  are  sorry  the  Apples 
are  so  green  and  undeveloped  that  they  cannot,  with  certainty,  be 
identified.  (T.  J.  31.  D.). — As  you  will  see  above,  it  is  a  coniition  that 
senders  of  fruit  for  naming  should  send  their  full  names  and  addresses. 
(_Crux). — The  fruit  arrived  much  crushed,  but  we  think  it  is  the  Brown 
Turkey.  (TF.  <?.). — 1,  Williams’  Bon  Chietien;  2,  Fearn’s  Pippin; 
3,  not  ripe,  probably  Mrs.  Piece’s  Muscat ;  4,  Foster’s  Seedling. 
Names  of  Plants.— We  only  undertake  to  name  species  of  plants, 
not  varieties  that  have  originated  from  seeds  and  termed  florists’  flowers. 
Flowering  specimens  are  necessary  of  flowering  plants,  and  Fern  fronds 
should  bear  spores.  Specimens  should  arrive  in  a  fresh  state  in  fiurm 
boxes.  Slightly  damp  nioss,  soft  green  grass,  or  leaves  form  the  best 
packing,  dry  wool  the  worst.  Not  more  than  six  specimens  can  be  named 
at  once,  and  the  numbers  should  be  visible  without  untying  the  ligatures, 
it  being  often  difficult  to  separate  them  when  the  paper  is  damp. 
(J.  Hills). — Bucomis  punctata.  (^Nemo), — 1,  Hibiscus  syriacus  flore 
variegata ;  2,  Hibiscus  syriacus  flore  purpurea  pleno ;  3,  Spiraea 
Menziesi ;  4,  Rubus  odoratus ;  5,  Lonicera  involucrata  ;  G,  Olearia 
Haasti ;  7,  Spiraea  aalicifolia  paniculata;  8,  Symphoricarpus  racemosus ; 
9,  Ehodotypus  kerrioides.  (i2.). — 1,  Adiantum  Pacotti ;  2,  a  variety  of 
Pteris  serrulata  ;  3,  P.  serrulata  ;  4,  P.  longifolia  ;  5,  Cyperus  alterni- 
folius ;  6,  Aralia  Veitchi.  (S.  IF.). — 1,  Heuchera  sanguinea ;  2,  Pole- 
monium  Eichardsoni  ;  3,  Statice  profusa ;  4,  Montbretia  Pottsi ; 
5,  Trollius  europasus ;  6,  Chelone  barbata  coccinea.  (Amateur).— 
1,  Linaria  dalmatica  ;  2,  Hyacinthus  candicans  ;  3,  Veronica  spicata  ; 
4,  a  Campanula,  specific  name  undeterminable.  (B,  R,  O.). — 1,  Ailantus 
glandulosa  ;  2,  Ulmus  montana  variegata  ;  3,  Centranthus  ruber ;  4, 
Cornus  mas  variegatus.  (TF.  C.  L.). — 1,  Masdevallia  coccinea;  2,  a 
variety  of  Odontoglossum  crispum.  (Junior). — 1,  Stanhopea  tigrina  ; 
2,  Dendrobium  fimbriatum  oculatum.  (G,  31.  D.,  Stirling). — 1,  Pteris 
tremula  ;  2,  Adiantum  concinnum. 
OOVENT  GARDEN  MARKET. — August  28th. 
Supplies  heavier  with  prices  falling  all  round. 
FRUIT. 
I. 
d 
s. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
Apples,  per  bushel  ..  .. 
1 
3 
to  3 
0 
Filberts,  per  100  lbs . 
35 
0  to  0 
0 
„  JSova  Scotia,  per 
Grapes,  per  lb . 
0 
6 
1 
6 
barrel . 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Lemons,  case  . 
10 
U 
15 
0 
„  Tasmanian,  per 
Peaches,  per  dozen  . .  . . 
1 
0 
6 
0 
case . 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Plums,  per  had  sieve 
1 
6 
2 
6 
Oobs,  per  100  lbs . 
40 
0 
0 
0 
St.  Michael  Pines,  each  . . 
2 
0 
6 
0 
VEGETABLES. 
fl. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
Beans,  Kidney,  per  lb.  .. 
0 
3 
to  0 
0 
Mustard  and  Cress,  punnet 
0 
2 
to  0 
u 
Beet,  Red,  dozen . 
1 
U 
0 
0 
Onions,  bushel . 
3 
6 
4 
0 
Carrots,  bunch . 
0 
3 
0 
4 
Parsley,  dozen  bunches  .. 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Cauliflowers,  dozen  . .  . , 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Parsnips,  dozen . 
1 
0 
0 
6 
Celery,  bundle  . 
1 
0 
1 
3 
Potatoes,  per  cwt . 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Coleworts,  dozen  bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Saisafy,  bundle . 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Cucumbers,  dozen  ..  .. 
0 
9 
1 
6 
Seakale,  per  basket  . .  . . 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Endive,  dozen  . 
1 
3 
1 
6 
Scorzonera,  bundle  .. 
1 
b 
0 
0 
Herbs,  bunch  ..  ,« 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Shallots,  per  lb . 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Leeks,  bunch  . 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Spinach,  bushel . 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Lettuce,  dozen . 
0 
9 
1 
6 
Tomatoes .  per  lb . 
0 
3 
0 
4 
Mushrooms,  punnet  ..  .. 
0 
9 
1 
0 
Turnips,  bunch . 
0 
3 
0 
6 
AVERAGE  WHOLESALE 
PRICES.— 
GOT  FLOWERS. — Orchid  Blooms  in  vaiiety 
8 
d 
S. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
1. 
d. 
Arum  Lilies,  12  blooms  .. 
3 
0  to  4 
0 
Maidenhair  Fern,  dozen 
Asparagus  Fern,  per  bunch 
2 
0 
4 
0 
banchea  . 
4 
0  to  6 
0 
Asters  (English)  doz.  bchs. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Orchids,  various,  dozen 
Asters  (French),  dozen 
blooms  . 
1 
6 
18 
0 
bunches . 
8 
0 
12 
0 
Pansies,  various,  dozen 
Bouvardias,  bunch  ..  .. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
bunches . 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Carnations,  12  blooms  . . 
1 
0 
3 
0 
Peas,  Sweet,  doz.  bunches . . 
1 
6 
3 
0 
„  dozen  bunches,. 
4 
0 
8 
0 
Pelargoniums,  12  bunches 
4 
0 
9 
0 
Chrysanthemum,  dozen 
Primula  (double  ),  doz.  spys. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
blooms.. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Boses  (indoor),  dozen 
1 
0 
2 
0 
„  doz.  bunches 
3 
0 
6 
0 
„  Tea,  white,  dozen  . . 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Cornflower  „  „ 
1 
0 
2 
0 
„  Yellow,  dozen  (Niels) 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Dahlias,  dozen  bunches  . . 
2 
0 
4 
0 
„  Safrano  (English), 
Eucharis,  dozen . 
1 
6 
2 
6 
dozen . 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Gaillardias,  doz.  bunches'. . 
1 
0 
2 
0 
„  Yellow,  dozen  blooms 
0 
6 
0 
9 
Gardenias,  dozen  ..  .. 
2 
0 
3 
0 
„  Red,  dozen  blooms  .. 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Geranium,  scarlet,  doz. 
,,  various,  doz.  bunches 
3 
0 
6 
0 
bunches . 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Smilax,  per  bunch  ., 
2 
6 
4 
0 
Lilium  lancifolium,  twelve 
Stephanotis,  dozen  sprays 
2 
0 
3 
0 
blooms . 
1 
6 
2 
6 
Sunflowers  (small)  dozen 
„  longiflorum,  12  blooms 
3 
6 
4 
0 
bunches  . 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Marguerites,  12  bunches  . . 
1 
U 
3 
0 
Tuberoses,  12  blooms. .  . . 
0 
2 
0 
4 
PLANTS 
IN  POTS. 
s. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
Arbor  Vitse  (golden)  dozen 
6 
0  to  12 
0 
Foliage  plants,  var.  each 
2 
Oto  10 
0 
Aspidistra,  dozen  . .  . . 
18 
0 
36 
0 
Heliotrope,  per  dozen 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Aspidistra,  specimen  plant 
5 
0 
10 
6 
Lilium  lancifolium,  12  pots  12 
0 
18 
0 
Campanula,  per  doz . 
5 
0 
9 
0 
Lobelia,  per  dozen  ..  .. 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Chrysanthemums,  per  doz. 
6 
0 
18 
0 
Lycopodiums,  dozen  . .  . . 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Coleus,  per  doz . 
2 
6 
4 
0 
Marguerite  Daisy,  dozen  . . 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Dracaena,  various,  dozen  .. 
12 
0 
30 
0 
„  Yellow  „ 
9 
0 
18 
0 
Dracaena  viridis,  dozen  . . 
9 
0 
18 
0 
Myrtles,  dozen . 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Euonymus ,  var.,  dozen  . . 
6 
0 
18 
0 
Palms,  in  var,,  each  ..  .. 
1 
0 
15 
0 
Evergreens,  in  var.,  dozen 
6 
0 
24 
0 
„  (specimens)  ..  .. 
21 
0 
63 
0 
Ferns  in  variety,  dozen  .. 
4 
0 
18 
0 
Pelargoniums,  per  dozen  . . 
8 
0 
12 
0 
Ferns  (small'i  per.  hundred 
4 
0 
6 
0 
„  scarlets,  doz. 
3 
0 
b 
0 
Ficus  elastica,  each  . .  . . 
1 
0 
7 
0 
