October  31, 1895. 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER. 
413 
sand  it  is  intended  this  summer  to  establish  similar  institutions  in  ether 
places  after  the  Frankfort  pattern.  The  wealth  of  the  population  has 
^ilready  been  advanced,  in  some  instances  in  quite  a  remarkable  degree, 
by  the  culture  of  fruit  and  berry  trees. 
Sir  Charles  Oppenheimer  refers  to  the  Cherry  orchards  at  Guben,  as 
well  as  to  “  the  orchard  of  the  capital,”  for  such  is  considered  the  small 
harbour  town  of  Werder,  situated  between  Potsdam  and  Berlin,  on  white 
■sand  hills  near  the  River  Spree.  There  the  growing  of  fruit,  notwith¬ 
standing  the  unfavourable  soil,  has  increased  wonderfully.  The  fruit 
'excels  by  its  superior  quality  and  is  preferred  by  consumers.  The 
growers,  who  have  organised  themselves  into  trade  unions,  are  now  in 
possession  of  a  harbour  fleet  of  their  own,  and,  during  the  season,  ship 
their  produce  every  morning  in  their  own  steamers  to  the  markets  at 
'Berlin. — (“Journal  of  the  Board  of  Agriculture.”) 
DEATH  OF  MR.  C.  F.  BAUSE. 
0^’  Monday,  the  28th,  the  grave  closed  over  the  remains  of  this  well- 
known  raiser  and  cultivator  of  plants,  in  the  presence  of  many  mourners 
— members  of  his  family  and  friends.  The  cofSu  was  covered  with 
■wreaths,  and  floral  emblems  were  brought  or  sent  by  those  by  whom 
the  deceased  was  esteemed,  for  placing  on  his  tomb.  The  place  chosen 
for  his  interment  was  the  extremely  neatly  kept  and  pleasantly  situated 
■churchyard  of  Shirley,  near  Croydon — a  favourite  place  for  interments 
in  the  district,  and  it  would  not  be  easy  to  find  a  country  churchyard 
containing  so  many  beautiful  memorials  of  the  dead.  The  Rev.  W.  Wilks, 
the  vicar,  was  present,  but  did  not  officiate  ;  the  clergyman  of  the  church 
n,t  Norwood,  where  Mr.  Bause  died,  and  in  which  the  first  portion  of  the 
service  was  held,  completing  the  melancholy  duty.  In  addition  to  the 
mournful  family  and  relatives  of  the  deceased  at  the  graveside  (which 
is  contiguous  to  the  resting  place  of  the  parents  of  the  famous  John 
Ruskin)  were  noticed  Messrs.  W.  Marshall,  J.  Laing,  H.  Laing,  A.  F. 
Barron,  W.  G.  Head  (and  Mrs.  Head),  B.  Wynne,  J.  Wright,  and  a 
number  of  other  personal  friends  of  the  deceased,  several  of  them  either 
growers  of  produce  for  or  connected  with  Covent  Garden,  where  Mr. 
Bause  was  so  well  known  and  so  highly  respected. 
Mr.  Bause  had  been  in  indifferent  health  for  a  year  or  more,  and  it 
eventually  became  apparent  that  he  was  gradually  but  surely  declining. 
His  buoyant  spirits  supported  him  for  a  long  time,  but  were  subdued  by 
the  progress  of  an  internal  complaint  that  would  not  yield  to  treatment, 
and  which  culminated  in  a  paralytic  .seizure  about  six  weeks  ago  ;  from 
that  time  his  case  was  hopeless,  and  the  end  came  on  the  morning  of  the 
23rd  inst.  at  his  home,  the  Morland  Nursery,  South  Norwood,  at  the 
comparatively  earlv  age  of  fifty-six  years. 
Mr.  Christian  Frederick  Bause  was  born  at  Rdiichen,  Saxe  Coburg 
■Gotha,  and  having  a  natural  love  for  gardening,  and  especially  for 
plants,  was  determined  to  make  their  culture  his  vocation.  After  serving 
in  gardens  on  the  Continent,  including  those  of  Mons.  Nathaniel  de 
Rothschild  in  Switzerland,  he  found  his  way  to  England,  and  entered  the 
service  of  Mr.  Herbst,  then  a  grower  of  plants  for  Covent  Garden  and  a 
pioneer  in  the  supply  of  certain  kinds,  such  as  Palms  and  Ferns,  with 
the  forcing  of  Lilies  of  the  Valley,  which  brought  him  fame  and  wealth. 
A  man  of  energy  and  cultural  skill,  with  high  ideals  of  excellence, 
Mr.  Herbst,  no  doubt,  stimulated  his  ardent  pupil  to  similarly  exert 
himself  to  achieve  the  best  that  he  could  accomplish  by  thoughtful  and 
persevering  industry.  He  accomplished  much,  and  has  left  the  world 
much  richer  than  he  found  it  in  beautiful  plants,  for  the  raising  of 
which  he  will  long  be  remembered. 
Every  change  that  Mr.  Bause  made  appeared  to  be  followed  by 
something  new  in  the  form  of  plants  or  of  methods.  On  leaving  Mr. 
Herbst  he  secured  employment  in  the  gardens  of  the  Royal  Horticul¬ 
tural  Society  at  Chiswick,  and  there  made  his  first  “hit”  as  a  raiser  of 
plants  by  breaking  into  the  Coleuses  and  bringing  out  new  varieties  that 
caused  no  small  sensation  at  the  time.  He  found  soma  scraggy  plants 
of  the  old  small  but  bright  Blumei  with  another  or  two  of  less  beauty 
which  had  served  their  decorative  purpose,  and  were  ready  to  be  thrown 
away.  With  the  foliage  gone  there  was  nothing  attractive  left,  the 
'flowers  being  insignificant  ;  but  the  ardent  young  plantiman  thought  of 
the  pollen.  The  plants  were  saved,  the  pollen  used,  and  in  due  time  the 
world  was  startled  by  the  result — such  varieties  as  had  never  then  been 
■seen  or  dreamt  of — Berkleyi,  Marshalli,  Bausei,  and  several  others  ; 
hut  the  last-named,  with  its  large  velvety  brightly  toothed  leaves, 
was  the  gem  of  the  collection,  and  realised  the  highest  price  at  the 
famous  sale  in  Stevens’  Rooms  about  thirty  years  ago,  and  only  three  or 
four  years  after  the  arrival  of  the  young  German  in  England.  We  have 
a  wealth  of  Coleuses  now,  and  beautiful  forms  are  raised  from  seed  in 
the  ordinary  routine  ;  but  Mr.  Bause  was  the  Columbus  who  led  the  way 
in  the  improvement  of  these  plants. 
Mr.  Bause  then  gave  his  mind  to  Caladiums,  and  after  studying  the 
•then  existing  varieties  and  colours,  thought  he  could  see  his  way  to  the 
production  of  a  yellow  ground  variety,  and  set  himself  the  task  of  pro¬ 
ducing  it.  He  not  only  produced  one,  but  more — a  royal  race,  some  of 
the  varieties,  if  not  all,  being  still  in  cultivation.  The  Dieffenbachias 
also  attracted  his  attention,  and  his  triumph  in  this  direction  was 
che  now  well  known,  and  still  the  most  effective,  D.  Bausei.  Quick  to 
detect  real  merit,  and  apt  in  securing  those  who  possess  it,  Messrs. 
J.  Veitch  &  Sons  obtained  the  services  of  Mr.  Bause.  He  there 
raised  new  Poinsettias,  and  commenced  the  crossing  of  Hippeastrums, 
thus  laying  the  foundation  of  the  grand  collection  of  to-day,  and  in 
reference  to  which  he  would  be  a  bold  man  who  would  venture  to  place 
a  limit  to  future  possibilities.  To  Mr.  Bause,  too,  if  we  mistake  not,  is 
due  the  credit  of  making  one  of  the  most  elegant  of  all  table  and  decora¬ 
tive  plants,  Aralia  Veitchi,  a  popular  marketable  commodity.  By  the 
course  of  raising  from  cuttings  it  was  tediously  slow  ;  but  if  A.  Veitchi 
would  not  “strike,”  A.  reticulata  and  others  would,  so  these  he  raised 
as  stocks  for  grafting,  and  thus  the  elegant  Veitchi  was  produced  in 
thousands,  and  sent  over  the  length  and  breadth  of  the  land. 
Eventually  Mr.  Bause  left  Chelsea  to  become  manager  of  the 
Melbourne  Nursery,  Anerley,  for  the  late  Mr.  John  Wills.  He  there 
propagated  and  grew  vast  numbers  of  plants  for  decorative  purposes, 
working  like  a  Trojan  almost  night  and  day  ;  but  he  did  something 
more,  for,  as  if  by  a  stroke  of  genius,  he  may  be  said  to  have  practically 
revolutionised  the  Draemnas,  and  it  was  done  in  this  way.  Arriving  at 
Anerley  he  found  some  old  leafless  stumps  of  plants — some  under  the 
potting  bench,  some  on  the  rubbish  heap.  “  No,  they  are  not  dead,”  he 
said  ;  “and  if  they  will  grow  they  will  flower,  and  if  they  flower  they 
will  produce  pollen,  and  then  nobody  knows  what.”  They  did  grow 
and  flower,  no  one,  not  even  the  raiser  himself,  anticipating  the  extra¬ 
ordinary  result — a  veritable  embarass  des  rir.hes  of  forms  and  colours 
never  before  seen.  The  seed  was  sown  on  August  1st,  1874,  and  on 
November  10th,  1875,  splendidly  grown  plants  were  exhibited  ;  1700 
seedlings  were  raised,  and  36  of  them  first  described  in  the  Journal  of 
Horticulture,  November  11th,  1875.  It  was  a  selection  from  these 
plants  that  defeated  in  a  memorable  contest  at  Brussels  (in  1876)  the 
FIG.  65. — MR.  C.  F.  BAUSE. 
grandest  specimens  of  pre-existing  forms  ever  seen  as  grown  by  Mr. 
Linden,  the  Anerley  seedlings  thus  securing  the  “  Grand  Gold  Medal  ”  and 
500  francs  for  plants  “  remarkable  for  their  novelty,  their  culture,  and 
their  beauty.”  A  gold  medal  had  been  previously  awarded  for  them  by 
the  Royal  Horticultural  Society,  and  this  medal  was  given  by  Mr.  Wills 
to  his  manager,  who  had  won  it  so  well. 
Looking  ahead,  Mr.  Bause  thought  the  time  had  arrived  for  making 
a  business  of  his  own,  and  he  eventually  commenced  at  Norwood.  By 
indomitable  labour  he  succeeded  in  making  the  Morland  Nursery,  Port¬ 
land  Road,  South  Norwood,  what  it  is  to-day.  a  large  block  of  excellent 
houses  filled  with  splendid  plants  of  a  few  kinds  most  in  demand — 
Palms,  Crotons,  Aspidistras,  and  Draemnas  chiefly — than  which  no  one 
for  years  has  sent  finer  into  Covent  Garden  for  decorative  purposes. 
He  has  also  supplied  the  “trade”  largely,  besides  doing  a  good  Conti¬ 
nental  business.  He  has,  in  a  word,  done  wonders  in  the  time  by  excel¬ 
lent  work  and  a  whole-hearted  devotion  to  duty.  There  he  raised  many 
new,  distinct,  and  elegant  Ferns  which  made  their  way  because  of  their 
merits,  and  he  is  the  originator  of  the  dwarf  and  brilliant  Caladiums 
which  passed  into  the  hands  of  Messrs.  Veitch  &  Sons,  and  which  they 
are  distributing  so  widely. 
For  the  purpose  of  acquiring  freehold  land  it  was  necessary  that 
Mr.  Bause  should  become  naturalised,  and  he  was  thus  in  due  form 
made  a  British  subject.  A  more  loyal  Englishman  and  more  genuine 
friend  was  not  to  be  found.  To  know  him  intimately  was  to  like  him, 
and  all  who  had  that  privilege  will  cherish  his  memory  and  mourn  with 
his  widow  and  family  on  the  loss  they  have  sustained.  Happily  he 
leaves  sons  who  have  long  since  attained  to  their  majority,  and  the  elder, 
Mr.  F.  C.  Bause,  has  conducted  the  business  for  a  long  time,  ably 
assisted  by  his  brother-in-law  Mr.  Luther,  a  descendant  of  the  world- 
famed  divine.  Marlin  Luther.  It  will  be  continued  as  usual,  and  there 
can  only  be  one  wish  at  home  and  abroad,  and  this  is,  that  it  will  be 
continuously  and  progressively  prosperous. 
Our  portrait  of  the  late  Mr.  Bause  was  taken  at  the  time  the 
Dracsenas  were  honoured,  and  when  he  was  about  thirty-six  years  of  age. 
