November  21,  1895. 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER 
475 
H.  LANE  &  SON 
Solicit  an  Inspection  of  their  extensive 
Nursery  Stock, 
Covering  over  150  ACRES, 
CONSISTING  OF 
Deciduous  and  Evergreen 
TREES  AND  SHRUBS 
IN  GREAT  VARIETY; 
ROSES,  FRUIT  TREES, 
RHODODENDRONS, 
All  in  Fine  Healthy  Condition. 
DESCRZPTXVE  CATAIiOCVE  FREE. 
The  NURSERIES,  BERKHAMSTED,  HERTS 
FRUIT  TREES-A  SPECIALITY. 
STRAWBERRIES! 
miVPRPirN  Best  Strawberry  Grown. 
uU  1  XjAIjiUiT*  Special  quotations  for  quantities. 
Also  COMPETITOR  No.  1,  and  best  of  Laxton’s  and  Allan’s 
New  Varieties.  All  the  best  of  the  New  and  Old  Varieties  in 
cultivation.  Special  quotations  for  market  purposes. 
FEUIT  TREES  of  all  sorts  in  all  forms. 
JOHN 
Pomona  Farm  Nurseries,  WITHIN GTON,  HEREFORD. 
THE  KING  OF  DENDROBES 
DEND.  PHAL5IN0PSIS  SCHEODERIANA. 
2000  Blooms  Now  Open.  Inspection  cordially  invited. 
RARE  EESTEROBZtriUKS— A  Speciality. 
JAMES  CYPHER,  CHELTENHAM. 
KENT,  THE  GARDEN  OF  ENGLAND. 
SUPERIOR  KENT 
ROSES. 
GEORGE  BUNYARD  &  GO., 
Royal  Nurseries, 
are  offering  well  grown  and  finely-rooted  Roses  at  the  following 
cash  prices.  Package  free.  Selection  left  to  themselves. 
SUPERIOR  H.P.  STANDARDS,  H  to  ft.  stems,  assorted. 
Per  dozen,  18s.  to  24s. 
HALF-STANDARD  H.P  .’s,  1  to  2  ft.  stems,  choice. 
Per  dozen.  12s.  to  18s. 
STANDARD  or  HALF-STANDARD  TEAS  &  NOISETTES. 
Per  dozen,  24s.  to  36s. 
H.P,  DWARFS  ON  SEEDLING  BRIAR. 
Per  dozen,  93,  to  12s. 
H.P.  DWARFS  ON  MANETTI  . .  Per  dozen,  7s.  6d. 
FINE  CLIMBERS,  for  pillars  and  walls.  Per  dozen,  9s.  to  18s. 
DWARF,  TEA-SCENTED  AND  NOISETTE. 
Per  dozen,  I8s. 
CHINA,  MOSS,  AND  PROVENCE  ROSES. 
Per  dozen,  6s.  to  93. 
Copies  of  GEORGE  BUNYARD  &  CO.'S  FRUIT 
CATALOGUE,  Six  Stamps. 
No.  8C4.— Voii.  XXXI.,  Third  Series. 
PLANTING  SEASON. 
PAULS’  NURSERIES,  Waltham  Cross,  Herts. 
WM.  PAUL  &  SON,  Rose  Growers  by  Appointment  to  Her 
Majesty  The  Queen,  Tree,  Plant,  Bulb,  and  Seed  Merchants, 
Close  to  Waltham  Cross  and  Theobalds  Grove  Stations,  G.E.R. 
PAULS’  NURSERIES,  Waltham  Cross,  Herts. 
STANDARD  and  HALF-STANDARD  ROSES,  from  18/- 
per  dozen  ;  Dwarfs,  from  6/-  per  dozen  ;  Climbers,  from  6/-  per 
dozen ;  Pot  Boses.  10/6  per  dozen  and  upwards. _ _ 
PAULS’  NURSERIES,  Waltham  Cross,  Herts. 
BOOKS  ON  ROSES,  by  WM.  PAUL,  F.L.S.:  The  Rose 
Garden,  4to,  9th  edition,  20  coloured  plates,  i7/6  ;  the  same,  8vo, 
without  plates,  8/9 ;  Roses  and  Rose  Culture,  1/- :  Roses  in  Pots.  2/-. 
PAULS’  NURSERIES,  Waltham  Cross,  Herts, 
FRUIT  TREES  of  all  kinds  cultivated  in  large  quantities. 
Trees  may  now  be  selected  and  marked  for  delivery  as  required  ; 
also  Fruit  Trees  in  Pots.  Grape  Vines,  Figs,  and  Strawberries. 
PAULS’  NURSERIES,  Waltham  Cross,  Herts 
HARDY  ORNAMENTAL  and  EVERGREEN  TREES  and 
SHRUBS  in  great  variety.  Intending  planters  cannot  do  better 
than  make  their  selections  now. 
HAULS’  NURSERIES,  vvaltham  Cross,  Herts. 
'  trees  for  foliage  and  flowers,  including  Pauls’  double 
Crimson  Thorns,  Scarlet  Chestnuts,  Gold,  Silver,  and  Purple 
Maples,  Purple  Beech,  Oaks,  Planes,  Limes,  Poplars,  Elms,  &c. 
PAULS’  NURSERIES,  Waltham  Cross,  Herts. 
RHODODENDRONS,  off  loam,  for  the  garden  or  woods, 
are  made  an  object  of  special  culture ;  also  Azaleas,  Kalmias, 
Heaths,  and  other  American  Plants. 
PAULS’  NURSERIES,  Waltham  Cross,  Herts. 
HARDY  and  GREENHOUSE  CLIMBING  PLANTS  of  all 
kinds.  Lapageria  house  now  in  bloom ;  Oamellias,  the  finest  stock 
in  the  country  ;  also  Azaleas,  and  other  Greenhouse  Plants. 
PAULS’  NURSERiES,  Waltham  Cross,  Herts 
BULBS  of  all  kinds  for  forcing  and  the  open  garden.  Seeds 
of  every  description.  Seakale  and  Asparagus  for  forcing. 
Mushroom  Spawn,  and  every  garden  requisite. 
PAULS’  NURSERIES,  Waltham  Cross,  Herts. 
HERBACEOUS  PLANTS  and  FLORISTS’  FLOWERS  a 
speciality.  Large  collections  of  Pieonies,  Delphiniums,  Phlox, 
Dahlias,  Cannas,  Pentstemons.  Hollyhocks,  and  all  Hardy 
Flowers  :  also  Alpine  and  Rock  Plants. 
AULS’  NURSERIES.  Waltham  Cross,  Herts. 
Priced  Lists  free.  Inspection  invited.  Estimates  cheerfully 
given.  Gardeners  of  character  and  experience  recommended. 
Postal  Address,  WM.  PAUL  &  SON,  WALTHAM  GROSS,  Herts. 
TECOMA  SMITHII 
THE  FINEST  NEW  FLOWERING  PLANT. 
As  easily  managed  as  a  Chrysanthemum.  It  produces  in 
Autumn  large  heads  of  brilliant  Red  and  Yellow  Blossoms. 
NEW  SEED  OF  E.I.I.  SEEDSAXEIO-. 
SPECIAL  CULTURE 
OP 
FRUIT  TREES  &  ROSES 
A  large  and  select  stock  is  now  offered  for  sale. 
The  ILLUSTR.ATED  and  DESCRIPTIVE  CATALOGUE  of 
FRUITS  and  ROSES,  Post  Free,  3d. 
Winners  of  the  Royal  Horticultural  Society’s  Gold  Medal, 
1893, 1894,  and  1895 ;  also  at  Manchester  and  Liverpool. 
THOMAS  RIVERS  &  SON, 
THE  NURSERIES, 
SAWBRIDGEWORTH,  HERTS. 
STATJOiV—BAIlLOW,  O.E.R. 
Best  LATE  APPLE 
We  can  Strongly  Recommend  ogr  New  apple 
“NEWTON  WONDER,” 
as  the  best  late  Apple  in  cultivation ;  fruit  keeps  till  June ; 
large,  well- coloured,  perfect  form,  splendid  cooking  quality  ; 
tree  a  vigorous  grower,  free  from  canker,  and  very  productive. 
PRICE— Same  as  Ordinary  Varieties. 
AWARDED  FIRST  CLASS  CERTIFICATE,  R.H.S.,  DEC.,  1887. 
NOW  WIDELY  KNOWN. 
Descriptive  Catalogue  of  Fruits,  with  full  direction  for  Planting, 
also  an  Article  upon  Pruning  and  Insect  Pests,  on  application. 
J.  R.  PEARSON  &  SONS, 
CHZI.WEXiI.  NURSSRZES,  NOTTS. 
MISTAKES  IN  FRUIT  CULTURE. 
Being  situated  in  a  district  where  compara¬ 
tively  little  systematic  attention  has  been 
paid  to  fruit  culture,  I  am  occasionally  requested 
to  visit  old  orchards  or  advise  respecting  new 
plantations.  It  may  be  of  some  interest  to 
intending  planters  if  the  results  of  my  observa¬ 
tions  be  stated  briefly,  for  both  a  warning  and  a 
guide  are  evidently  necessary.  From  experience 
covering  a  wide  area  I  am  persuaded  that  what 
is  recorded  here  is  only  too  general,  and  this 
opinion  has  been  frequently  corroborated  by 
what  has  appeared  in  the  Journal  of  Horticulture. 
It  sometimes  happens  that  a  land  owner  or 
farmer,  having  become  impressed  with  the  im¬ 
portance  and  value  of  fruit,  proceeds  to  plant 
an  orchard,  possibly  with  good  varieties,  and 
under  efficient  superintendence.  Bat  that, 
apparently,  is  the  utmost  that  is  considered 
necessary,  and  too  often  both  these  points  are 
neglected.  Assuming,  however,  that  the  start 
has  been  properly  made,  in  nine  cases  out  of  ten 
the  trees  are  henceforth  left  entirely  unattended, 
except  when  it  is  necessary  to  gather  the  fruit, 
and  then  the  numerous  branches  broken  in  the 
rough  and  ready  methods  adopted  is  all  the 
thinning  the  trees  are  likely  to  receive.  Perhaps 
they  are  planted  in  pasture,  or  the  land  is  laid 
down  to  grass,  and  a  few  sheep  are  turned  in  for 
a  short  time  each  year,  the  manure  thus  obtained 
being  considered  an  ample  return  for  whatever 
injury  may  be  done  to  the  unprotected  trees, 
whereas  very  little  ever  reaches  their  roots. 
Then,  also,  in  the  majority  of  instances,  the 
trees  are  planted  too  closely  for  a  permanent 
orchard  ;  just  when  they  are  becoming  of  profit¬ 
able  size  they  are  also  getting  crowded,  and  it  is- 
then  a  struggle  for  existence  between  tree  and 
tree  or  branch  and  branch,  with  the  natural  result 
— a  diminution  of  usefulness  following  drawn, 
weakened,  immature  growth,  readily  subject  to 
both  insect  and  vegetable  pests. 
A  short  time  ago  I  was  desired  to  inspect  an 
orchard  of  which  the  greater  part  had  been 
planted  about  fifty  years  ;  a  few  acres  were 
twenty  years  old,  and  a  still  smaller  portion  had 
been  planted  six  or  seven  years.  Amongst  the 
oldest  trees  were  some  grand  specimens  of  Blen¬ 
heim  Pippin,  struggling  with  the  strength  of 
No.  2460.— YOL.  XCIII.,  Old  Series. 
