April  21,  1898. 
JOURNAL  OF  ffORTlGULTURF  ARtD  OOTTAGF  GARRFFtFR. 
Names  of  Moths  (Somerset'). — The  author  of  the  series  now  appearing 
in  our  columns  on  the  garden  species  requests  us  to  state  that  he  follows 
the  nomenclature  adopted  by  Doubleday,  and  supported  by  Newman, 
which  in  some  respects  differs  from  that  of  Westwood  and  Morris,  which 
you  mention.  There  is  also  a  still  newer  and  third  nomenclature,  based 
on  a  revision  of  names  and  positions,  which  has  not  yet  received  general 
approval.  We  should  recommend  you  to  get  a  synonymic  list  of  British 
Lepidoptera,  which  was  compiled  for  the  entomologist,  and  is  published 
by  Simpkin,  Marshall  &  Co.  for  Is.  This  will  enable  you  to  refer  to  any 
species  under  its  different  names. 
Black  Hamburgh  Leaves  with  Scarlet  Leaf-ribs  (R.  D.). — We  have 
not  seen  leaves  similar  to  those  submitted  before,  but  on  subjecting  them 
to  chemical  tests  there  appeared  a  considerable  percentage  of  potash, 
and  this  probably  may  bo  the  cause  of  the  high  colour — very  beautiful 
under  artificial  light — of  the  main  and  side  ribs.  We  do  not  consider 
you  could  do  anything  but  supply'  a  dressing  of  superphosphate  (30  per 
cent,  soluble  phosphate',  using  2  ozs.  per  square  yard,  or  preferably  apply 
that  quantity  in  4  g.  llons  of  water.  There  is  no  disease,  and  we  should 
consider,  with  the  superphosphate,  the  Vines  would  finish  their  crops 
well.  Have  you  used  any  particular  or  special  fertiliser  ?  The  leaves  are 
very  fine  ;  yet  we  advise  more  air,  especially  in  the  early  part  of  the  day,  so 
as  to  dissipate  any  moisture  before  the  sun  acts  powerfully  upon  the  foliage. 
Coating  Boxes  with  Creosote  and  Tar  (Inquirer). — The  fumes  of 
creosote  and  also  of  gas  tar  are  very  injurious  to  vegetation,  and  if  these 
are  the  articles  employed  on  the  boxes  we  do  not  consider  they  w'ould  be 
suitable  even  for  such  strong  rooted  plants  as  Tomatoes,  whilst  the  fumes 
given  off  would  injure  their  somewhat  tender  foliage.  We  have  found 
such  to  be  the  case,  and  on  the  other  hand,  cutting  boxes  treated  with 
creosote,  and  stood  aside  for  a  time  till  the  volatile  parts  or  fumes  were 
parted  with,  answered  their  purpose  satisfactorily’.  Likewise,  boxes 
treated  with  Stockholm  tar  and  sufficient  creosote  to  thin  it  for  readily 
applying  with  a  brush  have  proved  innocuous  to  plants  placed  in  them, 
the  smell  being  allowed  to  pass  off  before  using  the  boxes.  We  use,  how¬ 
ever,  a  mixture  of  linseed  oil  and  Stockholm  tar  tor  oak  tubs,  and  of 
Stockholm  tar  and  paraffin  oil  for  deal  boxes,  and  find  no  evil  results. 
The  oils  are  used  to  the  extent  of  rendering  the  Stockholm  tar  workable 
with  a  brush  in  a  similar  manner  to  o;her  paints. 
Names  of  Fruits. — Notice.  —  'We  have  pleasure  in  naming  good 
typical  fruits  (when  the  names  are  discoverable)  for  the  convenience  of 
regular  subscribers,  who  are  the  growers  of  such  fruit,  and  not  col¬ 
lectors  of  specimens  from  non-subscribers.  This  latter  procedure  is 
wholly  irregular,  and  we  trust  that  none  of  our  readers  will  allow 
themselves  to  be  made  the  mediums  in  infringing  our  rules.  Special 
attention  is  directed  to  the  following  deci.sion,  the  object  of  which  is 
to  discourage  the  growth  of  inferior  and  promote  the  culture  of  superior 
varieties.  In  consequence  of  the  large  number  of  worthless  Apples  and  Pears 
sent  to  this  office  to  he  named,  it  has  been  decided  to  name  only  specimens  and 
varieties  of  approved  merit,  and  to  reject  the  inferior,  which  are  not  worth 
sending  or  growing.  The  names  and  addresses  of  senders  of  fruits  or 
flowers  to  be  named  must  in  all  cases  be  enclosed  with  the  specimens, 
whether  letters  referring  to  the  fruit  are  sent  by  post  or  not.  The 
names  are  not  necessarily  required  for  publication,  initials  sufficing  for 
that.  Only  six  specimens  can  be  named  at  once,  and  any  beyond  that 
number  cannot  be  preserved.  They  should  he  sent  on  the  first  indication  oj 
change  towards  ripening.  Dessert  Pears  cannot  he  named  in  a  hard  green  state. 
(  W.  T.  C.). — 1,  A  seedling  from  Blenheim  Pippin  ;  2,  Winter  Majetin. 
(B.  E.  W.). — 1,  Wellington  ;  2,  Bramley’s  Seedling  ;  3,  unrecognisable 
from  specimen  sent,  possibly  a  local  variety'. 
Names  of  Plants. — We  only’  undertake  to  name  species  of  cultivated 
plants,  not  wild  flowers,  or  varieties  that  have  originated  from  seeds  and 
termed  florists’  flowers.  Flowering  specimens  are  necessary’  of  flowering 
plants,  and  Fern  fronds  should  bear  spores.  Specimens  should  arrive  in 
a  fresh  state  in  securely  tied  firm  boxes.  Thin  paper  boxes  arrive  in  a 
flattened  state.  Slightly  damp  moss,  soft  green  grass,  or  leaves  form  the 
best  packing,  dry  wool  or  paper  the  worst.  Those  arrive  in  the  best 
condition  that  are  so  closely  or  firmly’  packed  in  soft  green  fresh  grass,  as 
to  remain  unmoved  by  shaking.  No  specimens  should  be  sent  to  rest  in 
the  post  office  over  Sunday',  on  which  day  there  is  no  delivery  of  postal 
matter  in  London.  Specimens  in  partially  filled  boxes  are  invariably 
injured  or  spoiled  by  being  dashed  to  and  fro  in  transit.  Not  more  than 
sis  specimens  can  be  named  at  once,  and  the  numbers  should  be  visible 
without  untying  the  ligatures,  it  being  often  difficult  to  separate  them 
when  the  paper  is  damp.  (/,  L.  ^S.).— Choisya  ternata.  (E.  F.  J.). — 
1,  Berberis  aristata  ;  2,  Retinospora  plumosa ;  3,  Berberis  Darwini. 
(B.  W.).  —  Lycaste  Harrisoniae.  (G.  D.). — 1,  Asplenium  bulbiferum  ; 
2,  Adiantum  pedatum  ;  3,  Selaginella  Kraussiana.  (C.  E.  C.). — 1,  Rhodo¬ 
dendron  Gibsoni ;  2,  R.  hirsutum.  (A.  A.). — f,Dendrobium  Wardianum  ; 
2,  Odontoglossum  crispum  ;  3,  Dendrobium  fimbriatum  ;  4,  Odontoglossum 
Fescatorei.  (M.  B.). — Rubus  spectabilis.  (J.  C.). — Rhododendrons  are 
florists’  flowers  which  can  only  be  named  by  comparison  in  a  large 
collection.  (H.  G.  T.). — A  moderately  good  light  form  of  Laelia  purpurata. 
It  is  not  a  trouble  but  a  pleasure  to  assist  our  subscribers. 
GARDENERS’  CHARITABLE  AND  PROVIDENT 
INSTITUTIONS. 
The  Gaedeneks’  Royal  Benevolent-  Institution.— Secretary, 
Mr.  G.  J.  Ingram,  .50,  Parliament  Street,  London,  W.C. 
United  Horticultural  Benefit  and  Provident  Society.— 
Secretary,  Mr.  W.  Collins,  9,  Martindale  Road,  Balham,  London,  S.W. 
CO  VENT  GARDEN  MARKET.— April  20tii. 
FRUIT. 
8.  d. 
8.  d. 
8.d. 
6.  d. 
Apples,  1  sieve . 
1  6  to  4  0 
Grapes,  lb . 
... 
2  0  to  3  0 
Cobs  . 
21  0 
22  6 
Lemons,  case  . 
•  •• 
11  0 
14  0 
Filberts,  100  lbs . 
0  0 
0  0 
St.  Michael’s  Pines,  each 
2  6 
5  0 
VEGETABLES. 
8.  d. 
s.  d. 
8.  d. 
8.  d. 
Asparagus,  per  100 . 
0  0  to  0  0 
Mustard  and  Cress,  punnet 
0  2  to  0  4 
Beans,  h  sieve . 
0  0 
0  0 
Onions,  bushel . 
•  •• 
3  6 
4  0 
Beet,  Red,  doz . 
1  0 
0  0 
Parsley,  doz.  bnchs.... 
•  .. 
2  0 
3  0 
Carrots,  bunch . 
0  3 
0  4 
Parsnips,  doz . 
1  0 
0  0 
Cauliflowers,  doz . 
2  0 
3  0 
Potatoes,  cwt . 
2  0 
4  0 
Celery,  bundle . 
1  0 
C  0 
Salsafy,  bundle . 
1  0 
0  0 
Coleworts,  doz.  bnchs.  ... 
2  0 
4  0 
Scorzonera,  bundle  ... 
1  6 
0  0 
Cucumbers . 
0  4 
0  8 
Seakale,  basket . 
1  6 
1  0 
Endive,  doz . 
1  3 
1  (5 
Shallots,  lb . 
•  •• 
0  3 
0  0 
Herbs,  bunch  . 
0  3 
0  0 
Spinach,  pad  . 
0  0 
0  0 
Leeks,  bunch  . 
0  2 
0  0 
Sprouts,  1  sieve 
1  6 
1  9 
Lettuce,  doz . 
1  3 
0  0 
Tomatoes,  lb . 
0  4 
0  9 
Mi>sK*Toms  1  . 
0  6 
0  8 
Turnips,  bunch . 
... 
0  3 
0  4 
PLANTS 
IN  POTS. 
8.  d. 
8.  d. 
8.  d. 
s.  d- 
Arbor  Vitaj,  var.,  doz. 
6  Oto36  0 
Ferns,  var.,  doz. 
•  •• 
4  0tol8  0 
Aspidistra,  doz . 
13  0 
36  0 
Ferns,  small,  100  ... 
... 
4  0 
8  0 
Aspidistra,  specimen 
5  0 
10  6 
Ficus  elastica,  each... 
... 
1  0 
7  0 
Azalea,  per  doz . 
24  0 
36  0 
Foliage  plants,  var.,  each 
1  0 
5  0 
Calceolaria,  per  doz. 
8  0 
12  0 
Genista,  per  doz. 
... 
8  0 
12  0 
Cineraria,  per  doz . 
6  0 
9  0 
Lilium  Harrisi,  doz.... 
... 
12  0 
18  0 
Dracaena,  var,,  doz . 
12  0 
30  0 
Lycopodiums,  doz.  ... 
... 
4  0 
6  0 
Dracmna  viridis,  doz. 
9  0 
18  0 
Marguerite  Daisy,  doz 
... 
6  0 
9  0 
Erica  Cavendishi  . 
18  0 
30  0 
Mignonette,  doz. 
... 
6  0 
8  0 
,,  hyemalis,  per  doz.... 
9  0 
15  0 
Myrtles,  doz . 
... 
6  0 
9  0 
,,  various,  per  doz.  ... 
12  0 
24  0 
Palms,  in  var.,  each... 
... 
1  0 
16  0 
Euonymus,  var.,  doz. 
6  0 
18  0 
,,  specimens  ... 
... 
21  0 
63  0 
Evergreens,  var.,  doz.  ... 
4  0 
18  0 
Pelargoniums,  scarlet. 
doz. 
4  0 
6  0 
AVERAGE  WHOLESALE  PRICES.— CUT  FLOWERS.— Orchids  in  variety. 
Anemone,  dozen  bunches 
Arum  Lilies,  12  blooms  ... 
Asparagus,  Fern,  bunch... 
Azalea,  dozen  sprays 
Bouvardias,  bunch . 
Carnations.  12  blooms  ... 
Daffodils,  doz.  bunclies  ... 
Eucharis,  doz . 
Euphorbia  jacquinia’floia, 
per  bunch  . 
Gardenias,  doz . 
Geranium,  scarlet,  dozen 
bunches . 
Lilac  (French),  buni-h  ... 
Liliumlongitlorum,  12  hi  ms 
Lily  of  the  Valley,  128pra\  s 
Maidenhair  Fern,  dozen 
bunches . 
Marguerites,  doz.  bunches 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
2 
0  to  4 
0 
Mignonette,  doz.  bnchs. ... 
2 
0  to  4  0 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Myosotis,  dozen  bunches... 
3  0 
6  0 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Natciss,  dozen  bunches  ... 
1 
0 
3 
0 
0 
6 
0 
9 
Orchids,  var.,  doz.  blooms 
1 
6 
12 
0 
0 
6 
0 
9 
Pelargonium-,  doz.  bnchs. 
6 
0 
9 
0 
1 
0 
3 
0 
Polyanthus,  doz.  bunches 
1 
0 
1 
6 
2 
0 
6 
0 
Primroses,  dozen  bunches 
0 
9 
1 
0 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Ro.-es  (indoor),  doz . 
0 
6 
1 
6 
,,  Red,  per  doz . 
2 
0 
4 
0 
1 
0 
2 
0 
,,  Tea,  white,  dozen  ... 
1 
0 
2 
0 
1 
0 
3 
0 
,,  Yellow,  doz.  (Perles) 
1 
6 
4 
0 
,,  Safrano(English  doz. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
4 
0 
6 
0 
,,  Pink,  dozen  . 
3 
0 
6 
0 
3 
6 
4 
0 
Smilax,  bunch . 
2 
0 
3  0 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Tulips,  dozen  blooms 
0 
3 
0 
6 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Violets,  dozen  bunches  ... 
0 
6 
1 
0 
„  Parme  (French), 
4 
0 
8 
0 
bunch  . 
2 
6 
3 
6 
3  0 
4 
0 
Wallflowers,  doz  bnchs.... 
3 
0 
4 
0 
A  FORTUNE  FOR  SOMEONE. 
It  has  been  said,  and  with  perfect  truth,  that  larger  fortunes 
have  been  reali.-ed  by  what  appeared  trivialities  than  by  great 
undertakings.  Some  little  implement  or  tool,  or  some  improvement 
on  an  existing  implement — a  thing  used  by  tlie  million,  catches  on, 
and  the  inventor’s  fortune  is  made.  Sometimes,  of  course,  the 
invention  or  improvement  is  tlie  work  of  y’ears  of  patient  toil ; 
sometimes,  again,  it  is  the  h.^ppy  inspiration  of  the  moment.  We 
do  not  know  who  first  introduced  tinned  food,  but  a  trade  has  now 
sprung  up.  Everything  lends  itself  to  the  process — fish,  flesh, 
vegetables  and  fruit— and  it  is  marvellous  how  excellent  are  the 
results.  Milk,  too,  is  prepared  and  preserved,  and  thus  keejis  good 
for  an  indefinite  period.  We  always  think  milk  must  have  pre.sented 
many  difficulties,  but  these  seem  to  have  been  successfully  overcome, 
and  the  most  delicate  babies  are  reared,  not  direct  from  the  cow, 
but  direct  from  the  tin  of  condensed  milk — indied  we  have  found  it 
assimilated  when  other  kinds  could  not  be  retained  on  the  stomach. 
So  far,  so  good ;  hut  with  all  our  ingenuity  v’e  are  still  wanting 
in  one  thing — we  have  not  yet  found  out  a  really  good  method  of 
