May  26,  1898. 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER, 
453 
Vines  Injured  by  Petroleum  ((?.  ff.)* — The  last  year’s  wood  has  the 
bark  damaged  by  the  dressing,  and  the  tissue  dried  to  some  extent, 
hence  the  sap  could  not  rise  freely,  and  the  growths  are  stunted  in 
consequence.  This  we  consider  to  be  mainly  the  cause  of  the  present 
condition  of  the  growth,  combined  with  the  bad  condition  of  the  Vines 
at  the  roots,  but  the  petroleum  has  been  the  most  active  agent  of  the 
mischief.  We  think  they  will  come  round  with  careful  treatment, 
keeping  the  house  rather  moister  than  usual  so  as  to  check  evaporation. 
The  lime  used  should  be  slaked,  of  course,  preferably  air  slaked,  and  as 
the  Vines  are  weak  use  with  it  an  equal  quantity  of  soot  by  measure, 
applying  ^  lb,  of  the  mixture  per  square  yard,  and  pointing  into  the 
border  evenly  without  injuring  the  roots.  This  will  improve  the  soil 
and  Vines,  which  is  very  desirable. 
Peach  Leaves  Eaten  by  Weevils  (C.  J.  N.'). — The  small  golden-bronze 
culprits  with  pitchy  spots  are  the  clay-coloured  weevil  (Otiorhynchus 
picipes),  and  the  black  ones  the  grooved  or  black  Vine  weevil  (O.  sulcatus). 
You  have  very  accurately  described  their  habits — namely,  that  of  feeding 
at  night,  and  of  this  advantage  should  be  taken  to  capture  them.  They 
fall  readily  from  their  food  plants  when  these  are  disturbed  or  a  light  is 
brought  into  their  presence.  Hence  it  is  advisable  to  lay  white  cloth  or 
paper  beneath  the  trees  in  the  daytime,  and  at  night,  after  dark,  enter  the 
house  very  carefully  with  a  bull’s-eye  or  darkened  lantern,  then  suddenly 
shake  the  trees,  turn  on  the  light,  and  capture  the  pests.  They  remain 
still  for  a  short  time,  and  are  easily  seen  on  the  white  surface  for  clearing 
away.  We  use  an  old  tin  containing  a  little  paraffin  oil  for  placing  the 
beetles  in  as  swept  up.  This  practised  for  a  few  nights  will  soon  reduce 
them  and  prevent  much  further  injury  being  done. 
Tomato  Leaves  Spotted  ((?,  E.  and  S.'). — The  Tomato  foliage  shows 
spots  of  the  fungus  called  Cladosporium  lycopersici,  but  there  are  no 
outgrowths,  these  appearing  to  have  been  arrested  by  the  cupric  sulphate 
solution,  and  we  do  not  consider  the  enemy  can  make  any  great  headway. 
We  should  keep  sufficient  heat  in  the  hot-water  pipes  to  admit  of  a  little 
air  being  given  constantly,  and  during  favourable  weather  freely.  The 
plants  cannot  have  too  much  light  and  air,  accompanied  by  the  requisite 
amount  of  heat,  for  insuring  steady  progressive  growth.  The  stem  and 
roots  of  the  plant  are  quite  clean  and  healthy,  but  rather  weak.  We  do 
not,  however,  see  why  they  should  not  improve  and  produce  a  good  crop 
of  fruit.  It  may  be  advisable  to  continue  the  light  dressing  of  cupric 
sulphate  solution,  but  it  is  not  desirable  to  use  it  long  after  the  fruit  sets. 
Spot  usually  takes  place  at  the  flowering  lime.  The  main  thing  is  to 
ventilate  freely,  taking  care  that  the  flowers  do  not  damp,  or  the  tender 
fruit  scald  by  water  banging  at  the  “  eye.”  Please  note  the  correct 
editorial  address  above,  misdirection  causes  delay  and  shrivelled  specimens. 
Cucumber  Boots  Knotted  (V.  G.  F.). — The  roots  have  the  knots  or 
small  nodosities  characteristic  of  root  eelworm  (Heterodera  radicicola), 
and  contain  females  embedded  in  the  tissues.  It  is  a  pity  you  did  not 
scald  the  soil  used  for  top-dressing,  as  the  plants  grew  so  well  in  that 
they  were  at  first  planted  in,  and  which  was  scalded.  Perhaps,  however, 
the  pests  were  in  the  house,  which  you  do  not  mention  as  having  been 
treated  with  boiling  water.  Unless  prompt  in  your  application  of  the 
solution  of  soluble  phenyle  there  will  be  little  hope  of  saving  the  plants, 
using  a  wineglassful  to  3  gallons  of  water.  At  this  strength,  1  part 
soluble  phenyle  in  240  parts  water,  or  1  fluid  ounce  to  1 J  gallon  of  water, 
we  have  not  found  any  injurious  effects  on  the  roots  of  Cucumber  plants. 
For  Tomatoes,  1  part  soluble  phenyle  to  160  parts  water,  or  1  fluid 
ounce  to  1  gallon  of  water,  we  found  quite  safe,  but  it  would  injure  tender 
plants.  One  fluid  ounce  to  6  gallons  of  water  will  disinfect  soil  or  prevent 
attack,  but  as  a  remedy  is  of  no  use  whatever  ;  indeed,  prevention  must 
be  attended  to,  fur  the  use  of  any  substance  after  serious  mischief  has 
been  done  may  be  of  little  or  no  service. 
Strawberries  Diseased  {G.  T.). — The  fruits  are  affected  by  the 
mould  fungus  (Botrytis  vulgaris),  commonly  regarded  as  the  consequence 
of  the  fruit  receiving  a  check  from  currents  of  cold  air  driving  full  upon 
the  tissues,  and  this  followed  by  a  period  of  damp,  when  the  fungus 
pushes  out  growths,  otherwise  the  fruits  dry  up  and  shrivel  ;  but  the 
fungus  always  appears  under  conditions  favourable  to  its  development, 
and  is  followed  by  small  black  dots  or  sclerotia,  by  which  it  tides  over 
from  year  to  year.  We  do  not  know  of  anything  likely  to  arrest  the 
spread  of  the  fungus  beyond  the  destruction  of  the  affected  fruits,  by  or 
before  they  become  mouldy  ;  to  prevent  against  its  recurrence  guard  as 
much  as  possible  from  cold  winds  and  the  other  extreme  of  a  close 
stagnant  atmosphere,  taking  care  not  to  allow  moisture  to  be  deposited 
on  the  foliage  or  fruit,  by  admitting  a  little  air  constantly  and  increasing 
it  from  the  early  part  of  the  day.  We  suffered  most  from  it  with  the  air 
admitted  by  the  ventilators  driving  directly  on  the  fruit,  and  not  at  all 
where  the  air  came  below  the  shelves  and  the  fruit  not  directly  exposed 
to  the  powerful  rays  of  the  sun.  No  application  will  destroy  the  fungus, 
as  it  is  wholly  endophytic  ;  besides,  copper  solutions  cannot  safely  be  used 
in  snch  oases. 
Names  of  Plants. — We  only  undertake  to  name  species  of  cultivated 
plants,  not  wild  flowers,  or  varieties  that  have  originated  from  seeds  and 
termed  florists’  flowers.  Flowering  specimens  are  necessary  of  flowering 
plants,  and  Fern  fronds  should  bear  spores.  Specimens  should  arrive  in 
a  fresh  state  in  securely  tied  firm  boxes.  Thin  paper  boxes  arrive  in  a 
flattened  state.  Slightly  damp  moss,  soft  green  grass,  or  leaves  form  the 
best  packing,  dry  wool  or  paper  the  worst.  Those  arrive  in  the  best 
condition  that  are  so  closely  or  firmly  packed  in  soft  green  fresh  grass,  as 
to  remain  unmoved  by  shaking.  No  specimens  should  be  sent  to  rest  in 
the  post  office  over  Sunday,  on  which  day  there  is  no  delivery  of  postal 
matter  in  London.  Specimens  in  partially  filled  boxes  are  invariably 
injured  or  spoiled  by  being  dashed  to  and  ^  in  transit.  Not  more  than 
six  specimens  can  be  named  at  once,  and  the  numbers  should  be  visible 
without  untying  the  ligatures,  it  being  often  difficult  to  separate  them 
when  the  paper  is  damp.  {G.  8.'). — The  Orchid  is  Lycaste  aromatica ; 
the  other  flower  Cantua  dependens.  {R.  Z.), — 1,  Escallonia  macrantha  ; 
2,  Arabis  albida  ;  3,  Cerasus  avium  flore-pleno  ;  4,  C.  lusitanica  ;  5, 
Gesnera,  species  doubtful,  flower  injured,  perhaps  G.  splendens.  (  W.  J.). 
— 1.  Fraxinus  Ornus,  the  Flowering  Ash  ;  2,  Prunus  (Cerasus)  padus. 
(  W,  P.  G.'). — 1,  Sedum  azoideum  variegatum  ;  2,  S.  pallidum  ;  3,  Chei- 
ranthus  alpinus.  (0.  D.  W.). — 1,  Saxifraga  granulata  flore-pleno  ;  2, 
Centranthus  macrosiphon.  (  W.  B.). — Cerasus  virginiana.  (  W.  J.  B.).— 
Cyphomandra  betacea,  the  Tree  Tomato,  see  preceding. 
COVENT  GARDEN  MARKET.— May  25th. 
FRUIT. 
8.  d. 
8.  d. 
8.  d. 
8.  d. 
Apples,  J  sieve . 
...  0  0  to  0  0 
Lemons,  case  . 
•  •• 
11  0tol4  0 
Coba  . 
...  0  0 
0  0 
St.  Michael’s  Pines,  each 
2  6 
5  0 
Filberts,  100  lbs. 
...  0  0 
0  0 
Strawberries  . 
•  •  • 
2  0 
5  O' 
Grapes,  lb . 
...  1  6 
3  0 
VEGETABLES. 
8.  d. 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
Asparagus,  per  100  ... 
...  0  0  to  0  0 
Mustard  and  Cress,  punnet 
0  2  to  0  4 
Beans,  A  sieve . 
...  0  0 
0  0 
Onions,  bushel ... 
3  6 
4  0 
Beet,  Red,  doz . 
...  1  0 
0  0 
Parsley,  doz.  bnchs.... 
2  0 
3  a 
Carrots,  bunch . 
...  0  3 
0  4 
Parsnips,  doz . 
1  0 
0  0 
Cauliflowers,  doz. 
...  2  0 
3  0 
Potatoes,  cwt . 
2  0 
4  0 
Celery,  bundle . 
...  1  0 
0  0 
Salsafy,  bundle . 
1  0 
0  0 
Coleworts,  doz.  bnchs. 
...  2  0 
4  0 
Scorzonera,  bundle  ... 
1  6 
0  a 
Cucumbers . 
...  0  4 
0  8 
Seakale,  basket . 
1  6 
1  0 
Endive,  doz . 
...  1  3 
1  6 
Shallots,  lb . 
0  3 
0  0 
Herbs,  bunch  . 
...  0  3 
0  0 
Spinach,  pad  . 
0  0 
0  0 
Leeks,  bunch  . 
...  0  2 
0  0 
Sprouts,  j  sieve 
1  6 
1  » 
Lettuce,  doz . 
...  1  3 
0  0 
Tomatoes,  lb . 
0  4 
0  9, 
Mushrooms,  lb . 
...  0  6 
0  8 
Turnips,  bunch . 
0  3 
0  4 
PLANTS 
IN,  POTS. 
8.  d. 
6.  d. 
s.  d. 
8.  d. 
Arbor  Vitse,  var.,  doz. 
...  6  0to36  0 
Fuchsia  . 
6  Oto  9  O' 
Aspidistra,  doz. 
...  18  0 
36  0 
Heliotrope,  per  doz. ... 
6  0 
9  0 
Aspidistra,  specimen 
...  5  0 
10  6 
Hydrangea,  per  doz. 
•  •• 
6  0 
9  0 
Calceolaria,  per  doz. 
...  6  0 
9  0 
Lilium  Harrisi,  doz.... 
•  •• 
12  0 
18  0 
Cineraria,  per  doz.  ... 
...  6  0 
9  0 
Lobelia,  per  doz. 
•  •  • 
4  0 
6  O' 
Dracaena,  var.,  doz. ... 
...  12  0 
30  0 
Lycopodiums,  doz.  ... 
•  •  • 
3  0 
4  0 
Dracaena  viridis,  doz. 
...  9  0 
18  0 
Marguerite  Daisy,  doz 
•  •• 
6  0 
9  0 
Erica  Cavendishi  ... 
...  18  0 
30  0 
Mignonette,  doz. 
•  •• 
4  0 
6  0 
„  various,  per  doz. 
...  12  0 
24  0 
Musk,  per  doz . 
•  •• 
2  0 
6  0 
Euonymus,  var.,  doz. 
...  6  0 
18  0 
Myrtles,  doz . 
•  •• 
6  0 
9  0 
Evergreens,  var.,  doz. 
...  4  0 
18  0 
Palms,  in  var.,  each... 
•  •• 
1  0 
15  0 
Ferns,  var.,  doz. 
...  4  0 
18  0 
,,  specimens  ... 
•  •  • 
21  0 
63  0 
,,  small,  100  ... 
...  4  0 
8  0 
Pelargoniums,  scarlet, 
doz. 
4  0 
6  0 
Ficus  elastica,  each... 
...  1  0 
7  0 
9) 
9  0 
15  0 
Foliage  plants,  var.,  each  1  0 
5  0 
AVEKAGE  WHOLESALE  PRICES.— CUT  FLOWERS.— Orchids  in  variety. 
8.  d. 
8.  d. 
8.  d. 
s.  d. 
Anemone,  dozen  bunches 
2  0  to  4  0 
Mignonette,  doz.  bnchs. ... 
2  0 
to  4  0 
Arum  Lilies,  12  blooms  ... 
3  0 
4  0 
Mj'osotis,  dozen  bunches... 
1  0 
2  a 
Asparagus,  Fern,  bunch... 
2  0 
4  0 
Narciss,  dozen  bunches  ... 
1  0 
3  0 
Azalea,  dozen  sprays 
0  6 
0  9 
Orchids,  var.,  doz.  blooms 
1  6 
9  0 
Bluebells,  dozen  bunches 
1  0 
2  0 
Pelargoniums,  doz.  bnchs. 
4  0 
6  0 
Bouvardias,  bunch . 
0  6 
0  9 
Polyanthus,  doz.  bunches 
1  0 
1  6 
Carnations,  12  blooms  ... 
1  0 
3  0 
Roses  (indoor),  doz . 
0  6 
1  & 
Eucharis,  doz . 
3  0 
4  0 
,,  Red,  per  doz . 
1  0 
3  0 
Gardenias,  doz . 
1  0 
3  0 
„  Tea,  white,  dozen  ... 
1  0 
2  0 
Geranium,  scarlet,  dozen 
„  Yellow,  doz.  (Perles) 
1  0 
2  0 
bunches . 
3  0 
6  0 
,,  Safrano(Engli8h)doz. 
1  0 
2  0 
Iris,  dozen  bunches 
4  0 
6  0 
,,  Pink,  dozen  . 
3  0 
5  0 
Lilac  (French),  bunch  ... 
3  6 
4  0 
Smilax,  bunch . . 
2  0 
3  0 
Liliumlongiflorum,  12  blms 
2  0 
3  0 
Tulips,  dozen  bunches  ... 
2  0 
4  0 
Lily  of  the  Valley,  128prays 
0  6 
1  0 
„  Parme  (French), 
Maidenhair  Fern,  dozen 
bunch  ...  ...  ...  ... 
2  6 
3  6- 
bunches . 
4  0 
8  0 
Wallflowers,  doz.  bnchs.... 
1  0 
3  0 
Marguerites,  doz.  bunches 
1  6 
2  6 
WATER  FARMING. 
Of  course  this  title  must  refer  to  the  harvest  of  the  sea,  to  no 
other  branch  of  industry  is  it  applicable.  Indeed  we  do  not  quite 
agree  thereto;  our  Editor  gives  us  a  liberal  margin,  but  as  our  columa 
is  headed  “Home  Farm,”  we  cannot  quite  stray  so  far  as  to  lose 
ourselves  in  ocean  depths.  We  try  to  keep  on  “  terra  Anna,’ 
though  at  times  we  may  sink  over  boot-tops  in  the  mire.  Perhaps 
