August  25,  1S98. 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER . 
157 
Plums  (  W.  S.). — The  few  fruits  arrived  in  such  a  slate  that  it  was 
impossible  to  form  any  estimate  of  the  variety  worth  recording.  The 
best  plan  will  be  to  send  a  dish  of  at  least  a  dozen  fruits  with  a  sample  of 
growth,  packed  so  as  to  arrive  in  a  perfectly  sound  and  fresh  state,  to  one 
of  the  meetings  of  the  Royal  Horticultural  Society  next  year  for 
examination  by  the  Fruit  Committee. 
Rust  on  Chrysanthemum  Leaves  (Bob).— The  leaves  are  infested  by 
the  Chrysanthemum  leaf  rust  fungus,  Uredo  Chrysanthemi,  which  has  got  a 
good  hold  upon  the  plants.  Sulphide  of  potassium,  or  liver  cf  sulphur, 
half  ounce  to  a  gallon  of  water,  may  be  used,  or  even  sulphuret  of  lime, 
but  the  solution  must  be  forced  into  the  pustules  either  by  forcible 
spraying  on  the  under  side  of  the  leaves,  or  by  the  aid  of  a  sponge  or 
soft  brush  ;  care  must  be  exercised.  The  powdered  preparations  of 
sulphate  of  copper  are  less  objectionable  but  not  so  effective. 
TRADE  CATALOGUES  RECEIVED. 
W.  Bull,  King’s  Road,  Chelsea. — Bulbs. 
W.  Clibran  &  Son,  Altrincham.  —  Bulbs. 
M.  de  Corte,  Lokeven,  Belgium. — Plants. 
S.  Dobie  &  Son,  Heathfield  Gardens,  Chester. — Flowering  Roots. 
Fisher,  Son,  &  Sibray,  Ltd.,  Handsworth,  Sheffield. — Bulbs. 
Vilmorin,  Andrieux,  et  Cie.,  Paris.—  Bulbs. 
Webb  &  Sons,  Wordsley,  Stourbridge. — Bulbs. 
COVENT  GARDEN  MARKET.— August  24th. 
Tomatoes  for  Winter  (S.  J.). — The  plants  would  not  be  improved  b) 
shaking  them  out  of  the  soil  when  planting,  as  this  would  give  a  check 
without  any  ultimate  gain.  The  better  plan  would  be  shifting  into  larger 
pots,  say  7-inch,  for  planting  in  a  month’s  time,  keeping  the  ball  as  low 
down  in  the  pots  as  possible,  and  giving  a  substantial  compost  of  turfy 
loam,  with  about  a  9-inch  pottul  ot  steamed  bonemeal  and  a  similar 
quantity  of  soot  to  each  barrowload.  This  will  induce  roots  from  the 
collar  of  the  plants  or  the  stem,  and  strengthen  the  plants  accordingly. 
The  sooner  the  plants,  however,  are  planted,  the  better,-  so  as  to  get  them 
well  established  before  winter,  for  unless  you  have  fruit  set  and  swelling 
there  is  not  much  chance  of  success  with  everything  to  do  in  dull  weather. 
The  plants  cannot  have  too  much  light,  nor  can  they  be  grown  too  sturdily. 
Make  the  soil  firm,  and  do  not  use  too  much  of  it  or  too  rich.  They  will 
grow  fast  enough,  the  difficulty  is  to  get  fruit  set  at  the  dull  season,  and 
keep  it  swelling. 
Trouble  with  Peas  ( G .  IF). — There  is  no  wonder  at  your  having  had 
great  trouble  with  your  Peas.  There  was  a  fungus,  but  it  is  a  sapro¬ 
phyte,  and  feeds  absolutely  on  dead  vegetable  matter.  The  maggots 
present  on  the  roots  were  apparently  one  cause  of  the  mischief.  They 
appear  to  be  a  species  of  Anthomyia,  possibly  tuberosa.  The  creature 
does  not  produce  nodosities,  but  feeds  on  vegetable  matter.  The  most 
serious  trouble,  however,  arises  from  an  attack  by  root-stem  eelworm, 
Tylenchus  obtusus,  the  animals  being  quite  lively  in  the  solution  with 
which  they  were  treated  for  examination.  You  say  nothing  about 
prevention,  but  we  advise  a  dressing  to  the  land  forthwith  of  quicklime, 
not  less  than  a  cwt.  per  rod,  slaking  and  spreading  whilst  apparently 
dry  and  floury,  and  in  a  day  or  two  fork  into  the  soil  lightly,  and  theD 
apply  a  dressing  cf  kainit,  3J  lbs.  per  rod,  5  cwt.  per  acre,  and  leave  for 
the  rains  to  wash  in.  Both  the  lime  and  the  kainit  are  best  applied  in  a 
dry  time.  The  dressing  then  acts  better  on  the  vegetable  matter  in  the 
soil  and  also  on  the  eelworm. 
Border  for  Pigs  (Tyro).—  A  border  of  3  to  4J  feet  is  ample  for  Figs 
that  are  to  cover  an  ordinary  width  of  trellis.  It  is  necessary  that  it  be 
well  drained,  a  4-inch  drain  being  laid  with  proper  fall  and  outlet  to  carry 
off  superfluous  water.  Nine  to  twelve  inches  depth  of  drainage  should 
be  used,  preferably  chalk  or  brick  and  mortar  rubbish,  roughest  at  the 
bottom  and  finest  at  the  top.  The  border  should  be  not  less  than 
18  inches,  and  need  not  exceed  24  inches  in  depth.  Good  loam  ought  to 
form  the  staple  of  the  compost,  using  the  top  few  inches  of  ameliorated 
soil,  and  if  possible  with  the  turf.  If  of  a  calcareous  nature  so  much  the 
better,  and  if  inclined  to  be  heavy  rather  than  light  it  is  preferable.  If 
light,  add  clay  marl  to  the  extent  of  a  fourth  ;  if  very  heavy,  add  a 
fourth  to  a  sixth  of  road  scrapings.  An  addition  of  a  sixth  of  old  mortar 
rubbish  freed  of  pieces  of  wood  may  be  added  whatever  the  nature  of  the 
soil  may  be,  and  a  twentieth  of  steamed  or  crushed  bones,  the  whole  well 
incorporated,  and  the  border  made  with  the  material  moderately  dry,  so 
as  to  admit  of  its  being  well  firmed.  An  allowance  should  be  made  of  a 
few  inches  increased  depth  for  setting.  A  2^  feet  width  of  border  will  be 
sufficient  for  the  first  two  or  three  years. 
Names  of  Plants. — We  only  undertake  to  name  species  of  cultivated 
plants,  not  wild  flowers,  or  varieties  that  have  originated  from  seeds  and 
termed  florists’  flowers.  Flowering  specimens  are  necessary  of  flowering 
plants,  and  Fern  fronds  should  bear  spores.  Specimens  should  arrive  in 
a  fresh  state  in  securely  tied  firm  boxes.  Thin  paper  boxes  arrive  in  a 
flattened  state.  Slightly  damp  moss,  soft  green  grass,  or  leaves  form  the 
best  packing,  dry  wool  or  paper  the  worst.  Those  arrive  in  the  best 
condition  that  are  so  closely  or  firmly  packed  in  soft  green  fresh  grass,  as 
to  remain  unmoved  by  shaking.  No  specimens  should  be  sent  to  rest  in 
the  post  office  over  Sunday,  on  which  day  there  is  no  delivery  of  postal 
matter  in  London.  Specimens  in  partially  filled  boxes  are  invariably 
injured  or  spoiled  by  being  dashed  to  and  fro  in  transit.  Not  more  than 
sit  specimens  can  be  named  at  once,  and  the  numbers  should  be  visible 
without  untying  the  ligatures,  it  being  often  difficult  to  separate  them 
when  the  paper  is  damp.  (0.  K.).  1,  Laelia  purpurzta,  poor  form;  2, 
Miltonia  spectabiiis  Moreliana.  (W.  E.). — 1,  Campanula  latifolia  ;  2, 
Scabiosa  ochroleuca  ;  3,  Lythrutn  salicaria  ;  4,  Lysimachia  vulgaris  ;  5, 
Polygonum  bistorta  ;  6,  Astrantia  minor.  (H.  H.). — 1,  a  fair  variety  of 
Laelia  elegans  ;  2,  Miltonia  spectabiiis.  (H.  W.  C.). —  1,  Rhyncospermum 
iasminoides  ;  2,  Mimulus  cardinalis  ;  3,  Francoa  ramosa,  commonly 
known  as  the  Bridal  Wreath  plant  ;  4,  Sedum  ibericum  ;  5,  Gypso- 
phila  panicula.  (Cantab).  —  1,  Helianthus  multiflorus  plenus  ;  2, 
Achillea  ptarmica  fl.  pi.  ;  3,  a  Euphorbia,  species  not  determinable  without 
flowers  ;  4,  Lilium  chalccdonicum  ;  5,  Campanula  persicifolia  alba  plena. 
( Orchidist ). — Ltclia  elegans  Turneri.  (  W.  T.).—  Olearia  Haasti  ;  we  have 
not  yet  determined  the  Grass. 
FRUIT. 
8.  d. 
a.  d. 
8.  d. 
s.  d. 
Apples,  i  sieve . 
0  0  to  0  0 
Grapes,  lb .  ... 
1  6  to  3  0 
Cobs  . 
0  0 
0  0 
Lemons,  case  . .  ... 
11  0 
14  0 
Filberts,  100  lbs . 
0  0 
0  0 
St.  Michael’s  Pines,  each 
2  6 
5  0 
Gooseberries,  J  sieve 
1  6 
2  0 
Strawberries  . 
1  6 
3  0 
VEGETABLES. 
8.  d. 
8.  d. 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
Asparagus,  per  100 . 
0  0  to  0  0 
Mustard  and  Cress,  punnet 
0  2  to  0  4 
Beans,  J  sieve  . 
0  0 
0  0 
Onions,  bushel . 
3  6 
4  0 
Beet,  Red,  doz . 
1  0 
0  0 
Parsley,  doz.  bnchs . 
2  0 
3  0 
Carrots,  bunch . 
0  3 
0  4 
Parsnips,  doz . 
1  0 
0  0 
Cauliflowers,  doz . 
2  0 
3  0 
Potatoes,  cwt . 
2  0 
4  0 
Celery,  bundle . 
1  0 
0  0 
Salsafy,  bundle . 
1  0 
0  0 
Coleworts,  doz.  bnchs.  ... 
2  0 
4  0 
Scorzonera,  bundle . 
1  6 
0  0 
Cucumbers . 
0  4 
0  8 
Seakale,  basket . 
1  6 
t  0 
Endive,  doz . 
1  3 
1  6 
Shallots,  lb . 
0  3 
0  0 
Herbs,  bunch  . 
0  3 
0  0 
Spinach,  pad  . 
0  0 
0  0 
Leeks,  bunch  . 
0  2 
0  0 
Sprouts,  £  sieve  . 
1  6 
1  9 
Lettuce,  doz . 
1  3 
0  0 
Tomatoes,  lb . 
0  4 
0  9 
Mu  brooms,  lb . 
0  6 
r 
Turnips,  bunch . 
0  3 
0  4 
AVERAGE  WHOLESALE  PRICES.- 
CUT  FLOWERS.— Orchids 
in  variety. 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
Arum  Lilies.  12  blooms  ... 
3  0 
o  4  0 
Marguerites,  doz.  bnchs. 
1  6 
to  2  6 
Asparagus,  Fern,  bunch... 
2  0 
3  0 
Mignonette,  doz.  bnchs. ... 
1  6 
3  0 
Bouvardias,  bunch . 
0  6 
0  9 
Myosotis,  doz.  bnchs. 
1  0 
2  0 
Carnations,  12  blooms  ... 
1  0 
3  0 
Orchids,  var.,  doz.  blooms 
1  6 
9  0 
,,  12  bnchs. 
4  0 
8  0 
Pelargoniums,  doz.  bnchs. 
3  0 
6  9 
Eucharis,  doz . 
3  0 
4  0 
Polyanthus,  doz.  bnchs. ... 
1  0 
1  6 
Gardenias,  doz.  . 
1  0 
4  0 
Pyrethrum,  doz.  bnchs.  ... 
1  0 
1  3 
Geranium,  scarlet,  doz. 
Roses  (indoor),  doz . 
0  6 
1  6 
bnchs . 
0  0 
6  0 
,,  Red,  doz . 
0  3 
0  6 
Iris  doz.  bnchs . 
4  0 
6  0 
,,  Tea,  white,  doz. 
1  0 
2  0 
Lapageria  (white)  . 
1  6 
2  0 
,,  Yellow,  doz.  (Perles) 
1  0 
2  0 
„  (red)  . 
1  0 
1  3 
,,  Safrano(English)doz. 
1  0 
2  0 
Lilac  (French),  bunch  ... 
3  6 
4  0 
,,  Pink,  doz . 
1  6 
3  0 
Lilium  longiflorum,12  blms 
3  0 
4  0 
,,  Moss,  per  bunch 
0  9 
1  0 
Lily  ofthe  Valley,  12  sprays 
1  0 
2  0 
Smilax,  bunch . 
1  6 
2  0 
Maidenhair  Fern,  doz. 
Sweet  Peas,  doz.  bnchs.  ... 
1  6 
3  0 
bnchs . 
4  0 
8  0 
PLANTS  IN  POTS. 
Irbor  Vitse,  var.,  doz.  ... 
Aspidistra,  doz . 
Aspidistra,  specimen 
Uoleus,  doz . 
Dracaena,  var.,  doz . 
Dracaena  viridis,  doz. 
Erica  various,  doz . 
Euonymus,  var.,  doz. 
Evergreens,  var.,  doz.  ... 
Ferns,  var.,  doz . 
„  small,  100  . 
Ficus  elastica,  each . 
Foliage  plants,  var.,  each 
Fuchsia  . 
s.  d.  s.  d. 
6  0to36  0 
18  0  36  0 
5  0 
3  0 
12  0 
9  0 
12  0 
6  0 
4  0 
4  0 
4  0 
1  0 
10  6 
4  0 
30  0 
18  0 
24  0 
18  0 
18  0 
18  0 
8  0 
7 
5 
0 
0 
8  0 
s.  d.  s.  d- 
Heliotrope,  doz .  4  0  to  6  0 
Lilium  Harrisi,  doz.  ...  12  0  18  b 
Lobelia,  doz .  3  0  4  0 
Lycopodium's,  doz .  3  0  4  0 
Marguerite  Daisy,  doz.  ...  6  0  9  0 
Mignonette,  doz .  4  0  6  0 
Musk,  doz .  2  0  6  0 
Myrtles,  doz .  6  0  9  0 
Palms,  in  var.,  each  ...  10  15  0 
„  specimens  .  21  0  63  0 
Pelargoniums,  scarlet,  doz.  4  0  6  0 
„  „  8  0  10  0 
Rhodanthe,  doz .  4  0  6  0 
HARVEST,  1898, 
It  does  not  seem  a  twelvemonth  since  we  wrote  of  harvest  work, 
its  worries,  anxieties,  and  cares,  and,  lo  !  it  is  upon  us  once  again. 
The  fields  are  already  whitening,  even  in  the  far  north,  and  every 
available  hand  is  hard  at  work.  We  have  been  much  struck  just 
now  by  a  new  example,  testifying  to  the  uncertainty  of  everything 
mundane. 
