174 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER. 
September  1,  1896. 
100  square  feet  was  also  open,  and  four  competed.  Mr.  J.  Cypher  had  a 
very  beautiful  and  light  arrangement,  the  background  being  formed  with 
a  handsome  Cocos  Weddelliana,  Humeas,  Fuchsias,  and  Asparagus,  with 
two  principal  front  mounds  of  Humea  elegans,  Dendrobium  formosnm, 
Dendrobium  phalasuopsis,  Oncidium  Krameri,  Cattleya  Gaskelliana, 
Odontoglossums,  neat  little  Crotons,  and  the  like.  Mr.  W.  Yause  was 
second  ;  Messrs.  R.  Palmer  &  Sons,  Staple  Hill,  Bristol,  third  ;  and 
Messrs.  E.  S.  Cole  &  Sons  fourth.  The  best  eight  exotic  Ferns  were 
shown  by  Mr.  G.  Tucker,  Trowbridge,  who  staged  grand  specimens. 
Messrs.  Palmer  &  Son  were  a  good  second  ;  and  Mr.  W.  Rye,  gardener 
to  Captain  Belfield,  Frenchay,  a  close  third.  Prizewinners  with  plants 
in  other  open  classes  were  Messrs.  W.  J.  Mould,  S.  Tucker,  G.  Tucker, 
F.  Moon,  D.  Jefferies,  and  E.  W.  Towers,  gardener  to  Mrs.  G.  Coles. 
In  the  amateurs'  tent,  the  classes  arranged  in  which  were  open  to  all 
but  trade  growers,  the  falling  off  with  large  plants  somewhat  marred  the 
effect.  The  silver  cup  offered  for  six  stove  and  greenhouse  plants  in  bloom 
was  easily  gained  by  Mr.  W.  Rye,  who  staged  large,  well-flowered 
specimens  of  Bougainvillea  glabra,  Stephanotis  floribunda,  Allamanda 
nobilis,  Ixora  Regina,  and  Statice  profusa.  Mr.  E.  W.  Towers  was  second. 
Another  6  guinea  cup  was  also  won  by  Mr.  Rye,  this  time  for  six  Ferns. 
Mrs.  Palmer,  Staple  Hill,  was  second,  and  Mr.  E.  W.  Towers  third.  For 
fine-foliaged  plants,  Mr.  Rye  was  easily  first,  and  Mr.  E.  W.  Towers 
second.  Fuchsias  were  not  numerous,  but  those  winning  first  and  second 
prizes,  shown  respectively  by  Messrs.  Tucker  and  W.  J.  Mould,  were 
handsome.  Begonias  in  pots  were  good,  and  with  these  the  principal 
prizewinners  were  Messrs.  G.  Cornish,  gardener  to  F.  J.  Tarr,  Esq.  ; 
J.  Rogers,  J.  Newman,  and  R.  Denton,  gardener  to  the  Rev.  Yorke 
Fausset.  Equally  well  grown  were  the  Gloxinias,  and  with  these  Mr. 
E.  A.  Jones,  Staple  Hill,  was  first,  and  Mr.  G.  Tucker  second.  Zonal 
Pelargoniums,  Petunias,  and  Coleuses  were  fine,  the  prizes  going  to 
Messrs.  W.  J.  Mould,  E.  W.  Towers,  J.  Bainton,  gardener  to  D.  Jefferies, 
Esq  ;  J.  Bensley,  and  T.  Haskins. 
Roses,  as  shown  by  Dr.  Budd,  Bath,  Messrs.  A.  A.  Walters,  Bath,  and 
T.  Hobbs,  Easton,  were  remarkably  fresh  and  good.  Messrs.  G. 
Humphries,  Chippenham  ;  W.  Treseder,  Cardiff  ;  J.  Burgess,  Kingswood  ; 
T.  Hobbs,  and  J.  Hendy  were  the  prizewinners  in  various  classes  for 
Dahlias.  The  Bath  growers,  Messrs.  Vickery  and  F.  Hooper,  had  the  best 
Asters.  Mr.  W.  Smith,  Kingwood,  exhibited  exceptionally  good 
Hollyhocks,  and  was  easily  first,  also  showing  well  in  other  classes  for 
cut  flowers.  Messrs.  Rogers  and  J.  B.  Blackmore  were  most  successful 
with  Begonia  blooms,  and  Mr.  King,  Frenchay,  showed  the  best  Carna¬ 
tions  and  Picotees.  Messrs.  Cypher,  W.  Treseder,  W.  H.  Coles,  and 
E.  S.  Cole  &  Son  were  successful  with  floral  decorations.  The  ladies’ 
classes  for  table  decorations  were  a  great  feature.  No  less  than  ten 
competed  in  each  of  the  two  classes  provided,  and  there  was  not  a  poor 
arrangement  among  them.  Mrs.  G.  Sutton,  Miss  M.  Cole,  Mrs.  T. 
Trenfield,  Miss  F.  Bush,  Mrs.  Lascelles,  Mrs.  Hardiman,  and  Miss 
D.  E.  B.  King  were  the  principal  prizewinners. 
An  excellent  display  of  fruit  was  made.  Four  competed  in  the  class 
for  eight  varieties,  the  first  prize,  a  silver  cup  value  6  guineas,  going  to 
Mr.  W.  Strugnell,  gardener  to  Col.  Drexel,  Rood  Ashton,  Trowbridge, 
who  showed  beautiiully  ripened  Muscat  of  Alexandria  and  good  Alnwick 
seedling  Grapes,  Sutton’s  Triumph  Melon,  highly  coloured  Bellegarde 
Peaches,  and  Pineapple  Nectarines,  good  Hemskerke  Apricots,  Governor 
Wood  Cherries,  Washington  Plums,  and  small  second  cron  Figs.  The 
second  prize  went  to  Mr.  W.  Allen,  gardener  to  W.  Marsh,  Esq.,  Bath, 
and  the  third  to  Mr.  G.  Pymm.gardener  to  Mrs.  Gouldsmith,  Trowbridge. 
Mr.  Strugnell  was  first  and  Mr.  Allen  second  in  another  class  for  a 
collection  of  fruit.  In  the  class  for  black  Grapes  Mr.  T.  Wilkinson, 
gardener  to  the  Rev.  T.  Greaves,  Stoke  Bishop,  gained  a  first  for  large 
clusters,  whose  only  fault  was  the  smallness  of  the  berries  ;  second,  Mr. 
Fewtrell,  gardener  to  C.  C.  Tudway,  Esq.,  Wells.  For  any  white  variety,  Mr. 
Marshall,  gardener  to  J.  Dole,  Esq.,  Clifton,  was  first  with  good  Buckland 
Sweetwater  ;  second,  Mr.  Wilkinson,  who  staged  Muscat  of  Alexandria 
a  little  deficient  in  colour  ;  third,  Mr.  A.  Cross,  gardener  to  H  0.  Wills, 
Esq.  Other  fruits  were  well  represented,  and  the  principal  prizewinners 
were  Messrs.  R.  Palmer,  E.  Hall,  G.  Garraway,  A.  J.  Bridges,  B. 
Jefferies,  and  A.  Cross.  In  the  local  classes  much  good  fruit  was  shown 
by  Messrs.  Rye  ;  S.  Bryant,  gardener  to  Dr.  C.  J.  Perrott  ;  J.  Bainton, 
C.  Rogers,  W.  E.  Wookey,  H.  T.  Coles,  and  S.  Peacock. 
Vegetables  were  both  numerously  and  well  shown,  and  the  principal 
prizewinners  with  these  were  Messrs.  G.  Garraway,  J.  B.  Woods  &  Son, 
F.  Moon,  G.  Hall,  J.  Bainton,  W.  Priddle,  W.  Britton,  G.  Powell,  E.  A. 
Jones,  R.  King,  S.  Bright,  C.  King,  and  W.  Bateman. 
THE  YOUNG  GARDENERS’  DOMAIN. 
Early  and  Late  Peas. 
I  SEE  an  article  in  the  “  Young  Gardeners’  Domain  ”  of  August  1 1th  on 
the  above  subject,  concerning  which  I  feel  constrained  to  send  a  few  notes. 
“  T.  P.  ”  states  that  a  dish  of  Autocrat  Peas  was  gathered  from  the 
open  in  the  first  week  of  November,  which  he  is  pleased  to  call  a  record, 
and  that  had  the  weather  been  sufficiently  warm  they  would  have  been 
enabled  to  gather  Peas  much  later,  and  further,  that  the  1st  of  June  is  an 
early  date  to  start  gathering  Peas  out  of  doors.  This  is  undoubtedly  a 
feat  which  many  gardeners  fail  to  accomplish,  and  credit  should  be  accorded 
to  those  who  do  succeed.  However,  I  can  inform  “T.  P.”  that  while 
under  Mr.  A.  Bishop  at  Westley  Hall,  Bury  St.  Edmunds,  we  gathered 
Peas  on  the  18th  of  May,  and  the  supply  was  maintained  until  the  12th  of 
November  from  the  open.  The  variety  cropping  in  November  was  the 
•old  Ne  Plus  Ultra. — First  Journeyman. 
The  Violet. 
The  cultivation  of  Violets  being  somewhat  imperfectly  understood  by 
many  members  of  the  Domain,  the  time  is  opportune  for  a  few  notes  on 
the  subject.  The  frames  they  aic  intended  to  occupy  are  mostly  filled 
with  Cucumbers  and  Melons  until  the  end  of  August,  and  these  having 
been  removed,  the  lights  are  washed,  tiie  old  soil  levelled,  and  the  whole 
bed  raised  to  within  about  6  inches  of  the  glass  with  turfy  loam,  to 
which  a  sixth  part  of  half-decayed  leaf  mould  has  been  added. 
The  first  week  in  September  the  plants  are  lifted  from  the  open  ground 
each  with  a  good  ball  of  soil,  planted  1  foot  apart  each  way  in  the 
frames,  and  given  water.  The  lights,  unless  a  few  extra  early  blooms  are 
required,  must  not  be  put  on  until  frost  is  imminent,  unless  heavy  rains  occur, 
when  it  will  be  best  to  ward  them  off,  removing  the  lights  again  whenever 
it  is  safe  to  do  so.  Violets  will  not  stand  coddling,  therefore  abundance  of 
fresh  air  should  be  admitted  on  all  favourable  occasions  ;  a  stagnant 
atmosphere  is  conducive  to  damping.  An  apparently  trivial,  yet  in  reality 
an  important  point,  is  to  frequently  stir  the  surface  of  the  soil  with  a  stick, 
as  this  not  only  tends  to  keep  down  nrnss,  but  encourages  growth  by 
maintaining  the  soil  underneath  in  a  moist  condition. 
Watering  must  be  performed  on  the  morning  of  a  bright  day,  using  tepid 
water  applied  from  the  spout  of  a  small  waterpot  between  the  rows  of 
plants  in  sufficient  quantity  to  soak  the  whole  of  the  soil  down  to  the  roots. 
It  is  most  important  that  water  shall  not  be  sprinkled  on  the  leafage. 
Plenty  of  protecting  material  ought  to  be  close  at  hand  for  utilisation  ac 
night  when  needful,  while,  during  a  spell  of  very  severe  weather  this  may 
be  left  on  day  and  night,  and  removed  only  for  the  purpose  of  gathering 
the  flowers.  Given  careful  attention  to  ventilating  and  covering  up,  a 
good  supply  of  blooms  may  be  maintained  from  October  to  tbe  end  of 
March.  Suitable  varieties  are  Marie  Louise,  Neapolitan  (.blue),  Comte  de 
Brazza  (double  white),  and  Rawson’s  White  (single). 
The  old  plants  are  lifted  at  the  end  of  March,  and  propagation  can  be 
effected  in  two  ways— cuttings  or  division  ;  the  former  are  made  in  the 
usual  way,  while  the  latter  are  detached  with  a  few  roots,  and  they  can  be 
dibbled  closely  together  near  the  glass  in  a  frame,  and  kept  close  and  moist. 
When  rooted  they  must  be  gradually  hardened  and  finally  planted  1  foot 
aoart  on  a  well  manured  border,  where  attention  to  watering  and 
hoeing  must  be  given  during  the  summer.  All  runners  are  kept  closely 
picked  off,  the  result  being  stocky  plants  for  placing  in  the  frames  when 
the  time  again  arrives. — T.  P. 
WQRK.fo^theWEEK.. 
HAKDY  FRUIT  GARDEN. 
Outdoor  Figs. — If  regular  attention  has  previously  been  given  to  Fig 
trees  on  walls,  there  will  be  little  required  now  beyond  reducing  or 
removing  superfluous  growths  and  securing  a  fair  number  of  young  shoots 
in  suitable  positions.  Leave  them,  however,  unshortened,  and  do  not 
allow  overcrowding.  The  admission  of  sun  and  air  freely  to  the  trees  is 
of  great  importance,  both  for  the  ripening  of  the  fruit  and  for  the  proper 
maturation  of  the  current  season’s  growths,  these  bearing  the  crop  next 
season.  Dry  weather  prevailing,  the  application  of  moisture  to  the  roots, 
followed  by  a  mulching,  will  be  serviceable. 
Outdoor  Vines. — Plenty  of  water  and  liquid  manure  from  the  farmyard 
will  largely  assist  Vines  in  perfecting  a  good  crop.  It  is  advisable  to 
limit  the  number  of  bunches  to  one  only  on  a  lateral,  and  the  berries 
should,  if  possible,  be  freely  thinned  on  each  bunch.  The  whole  of  the 
lateral  growth  should  be  securely  tied-in  and  stopped,  so  that  there  is 
a  free  circulation  of  light  and  air,  which  will  ripen  the  current  year’s 
wood  and  perfect  the  fruit.  Room  must  be  found  for  a  few'  strong 
young  canes  to  extend  in  suitable  positions,  the  object  being  to  cut 
out  a  few  exhausted  branches,  and  train  in  their  places  some  vigorous 
substitutes. 
Late  Peaches  and  Nectarines. — Every  assistance  ought  to  be  rendered 
these  by  watering,  feeding,  and  mulching.  The  growths,  too,  must  be 
constantly  regulated  and  secured,  so  that  they  may  become  ripened.  Do 
not  allow  the  fruits  to  be  unduly  shaded,  but  draw  the  leaves  on  one  side 
to  prevent  this.  Some  protection  should  be  afforded  to  fruits  as  they 
advance  to  ripening.  Wasp3  and  flies  soon  disfigure  the  fruits,  but  their 
attacks  may  be  prevented  by  enclosing  each  in  muslin  or  gauze  bags. 
Plums. — Similar  assistance  may  be  accorded  ripening  Plums,  though 
the  fruits  cannot  be  enclosed  singly,  but  very  small  mesh  netting  will 
assist  in  keeping  away  wasps  and  other  winged  insects.  Reduce  the 
foreright  shoots  on  wall  trees,  and  lay  in  suitable  young  growths  where 
possible  without  crowding. 
Apples  and  Pears. — The  earliest  varieties  of  Apples  and  Pears  ought 
to  be  gathered  as  soon  as  they  part  easily  from  the  trees.  In  many  cases 
Apples  are  falling  prematurely'  from  the  trees  owing  to  the  presence  of 
the  maggot  in  the  fruit.  All  the  fallen  fruit  should  be  promptly  gathered 
and  used  at  once  ;  those  that  are  useless  buried  deeply.  Continue  to 
water  and  feed  choice  bush  and  cordon  trees  bearing  good  crops.  Thin 
out  the  smallest  fruits  of  late  varieties. 
Gooseberries. — Now  that  all  the  fruit  has  been  gathered  from  Goose¬ 
berry  bushes,  it  is  advisable  to  thin  out  the  growths  and  form  the  bushes 
