‘288 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER. 
October  13,  1898 
are  alike  creditable  to  the  gardener  and  his  employer,  J.  Wakefield,  Esq. 
About  500  Diants  for  large  blooms  are  grown,  chiefly  Japanese,  and 
about  200  bush,  including  the  freest  blooming  and  most  useful  varieties 
of  Japanese,  Pompons,  and  single  varieties.  The  chief  advantage  of 
enumerating  varieties  found  to  be  promising,  even  without  data,  may 
be  useful,  inasmuch  as  varieties  found  to  succeed  under  different 
systems  of  cultivation,  and  over  a  wile  area,  may  be  accepted  as 
constant  and  reliable.  But  the  data  referring  to  time  of  progagation, 
stopping,  and  other  points,  if  furnished  along  with  notes  of  this 
description,  will  prove  more  valuable  and  give  greater  facilities  for 
judging  the  possibilities  of  varieties  under  notice. 
Mr.  Ireland’s  routine  culture  is  reduced  to  the  simplest  lines.  His 
guiding  principle  is  to  propagate  from  the  middle  of  January  onwards 
as  soon  as  well  developed  cuttings  are  procurable  ;  carry  the  plants 
on  to  the  first  natural  break,  and  take  the  first  crown  bud  with  the 
naturally  late  kinds.  According  to  their  degree  in  lateness  they  are 
stopped  once,  in  March,  April,  or  May,  and  the  first  crown  secured. 
The  earliest  varieties,  similar  to  Viviand  Morel,  are  allowed  to  break 
naturally  ;  with  liberal  treatment  a  second  crown  bud  is  formed  after 
the  first  natural  break,  and  this  is  the  bud  chosen  in  this  class.  In 
referring  to  the  whole  collection  grown  broadly  on  the  lines  indicated, 
although  Mr.  Ireland’s  name  does  not  appear  in  the  prize  list,  I  have 
no  hesitation  in  stating  that  his  blooms  generally  are  seldom  surpassed 
in  massiveness  and  colour. 
The  following  varieties  were  noted  as  being  the  most  promising: — 
Miss  Ethel  Addison,  L’lsere,  Miss  W.  H.  Lees,  Hairy  Wonder, 
Vicomte  Roger  de  Chezelles,  In  Memoriam,  Mrs.  Briscoe-Ironside, 
Triomphe  de  St.  Laurent,  Gen.  Roberts,  Yellow  Madame  Carnot, 
Lady  Hanham,  Ponderosum,  Phoebus,  W.  H.  Godfrey,  Geo.  Seward, 
Pride  of  Exmouth,  Lady  Oporto  Tait,  Lady  Ridgway,  Mdlle.  Lucie 
Faure,  Mrs.  F.  A.  Bevan,  Mrs.  E.  G.  Warren,  N.C.S.  Jubilee,  Mrs. 
G.  W.  Palmer,  Neva  Teichman,  Mephisto,  Werther,  Mrs.  Blake,  Mrs. 
N.  Molyneux,  Mary  Molyneux,  J.  Chamberlain,  Admiral  Ito,  Margery 
Kinder,  Mrs.  Mease,  Ella  Curtis,  Mrs.  J.  Lewes,  Snowdon,  Mrs. 
Maling  Grant,  Mons.  Chenon  de  Leche,  Topaz  Orientale,  and  Surpasse 
Amiral.  The  following  varieties  proved  too  late  treated  on  the  same 
lines  as  the  foregoing — La  Moucherette,  Milano,  Mrs.  C.  Orchard, 
Master  H.  Tucker,  and  Mrs.  J.  Shrimpton. 
Levens  Hall. 
The  grand  old  deer  park  of  Levens  Hall,  the  seat  of  Major  Bagot, 
M.P.,  adjoins  the  Sedgwick  estate.  A  walk  through  a  magnificent 
Oak  avenue  a  full  mile  in  length  brought  us  to  “Levens,”  famous  for 
its  extensive  gardens  in  topiary  work.  But  as  Chrysanthemums  are 
the  object  of  our  journey  we  leave  a  description  of  venerable  Levens 
for  a  future  time,  and  pass  on  through  the  picturesque  village  of 
Heversham,  made  up  principally  of  detached  cottages.  The  inmates, 
determined  to  have  a  flower  garden,  have  requisitioned  the  roadside 
frontage  of  their  homes,  and  these  extemporised  gardens  are  ablaze 
with  “Geraniums,”  Fuchsias,  and  Begonias  in  abundance,  the  latter 
thriving  and 'blooming  as  freely  as  indigenous  weeds. 
Dallam  Towers. 
The  seat  of  H.  Bromley  Wilson,  Esq.,  is  about  1£  mile  beyond  the 
village  named,  and  is  beautifully  situated  on  the  side  of  Morecambe 
Bay.  On  our  way  up  to  the  k’tchen  gardens  we  passed  through  the 
“  heronry,”  one  of  a  very  limited  number  of  the  resting  places  of  the 
heron  now  to  be  found  in  the  country.  The  exceptional  and  unclimb- 
able  height  of  the  trees  in  which  the  nests  are  situated  no  doubt  give 
the  birds  the  necessary  sense  of  security.  Beech,  Ash,  and  Elm,  with 
massive  shafts  straight  as  an  arrow  towering  up  70  to  80  feet  without 
break  or  branch,  are  most  impressive,  even  after  the  Oaks  at  Levens. 
Mr.  Sarple,  the  head  gardener,  gave  us  his  usual  hearty  welcome,  and 
was  congiatulating  himself  that  we  were  stranded  for  the  night  with 
him,  owing  to  the  train  we  had  arranged  to  leave  by  having  been 
stopped  for  the  season  ;  but  necessity  decreed  otherwise.  A  messenger 
was  despatched  to  requisition  a  fast  trotter  and  trap  to  carry  us  to  the 
main  line  junction,  whilst  another  messenger  was  ordered  to  hurry  up 
the  preparations  for  the  dispensing  of  a  hospitality  which  would  not  be 
denied. 
A  hasty  run  through  the  houses,  and  then  to  our  work  between 
long  lines  of  Chrysanthemums  on  the  kitchen  garden  walks.  Mr. 
Sarple’s  system  of  culture  is  the  same  as  Mr.  Ireland’s,  and  gives 
promise  of  results  at  least  equal  to  those  of  previous  years.  The  best 
timed  buds  and  the  most  promising  were  Philadelphia,  L’lsere, 
Beauty  of  Teignmouth,  Miss  Dorothy  Shea,  Phoebus,  Miss  E.  Addison, 
Primrose  League,  John  Seward,  Mrs.  G.  W.  Palmer,  Maggie  Blenk- 
iron,  R.  Jones,  Olive  Oclea,  W.  Wright,  Maggie  Shea,  Julie  Scara- 
manga,  Lady  Ridgway,  Peter  Blair,  Simplicity,  G.  Seward,  Sunstone, 
Lady  Hanham,  Mrs.  J.  Lewis,  Emily  Silsbury,  Ella  Curtis,  Australian 
Gold,  Potter  Palmer,  Edith  Tabor,  Exmouth  Yellow,  Hairy  Wonder, 
Mrs.  A.  G.  Hubbuck,  Pride  of  Exmouth,  Madame  Carnot,  Deraay 
Taillandier,  Graphic,  Col.  Chase,  and  Eva  Knowles. — T.  G.  W. 
WESTMINSTER  SHOW. — October  11th,  12th,  and  13th. 
The  second  exhibition  of  the  National  Chrysanthemum  Society  was 
held  at  the  Aquarium,  and  proved  to  be  a  very  good  show.  The  Japanese 
Chrysanthemums  appeared  to  monopolise  the  place  ;  they  were  very 
well  shown.  The  incurved  and  other  sections  were  almost  conspicuous 
by  their  absence.  The  trade  contributors  made  a  grand  display.  It  is 
a  pity  the  exhibition  should  clash  with  the  Drill  Hall  meeting,  which 
must  of  necessity  detract  from  the  beauty  of  both  shows.  The  competition 
for  the  vegetable  classes  instituted  by  Mr.  Deverill,  Banbury,  brought 
out  some  doughty  champions,  but  we  regret  to  say  we  are  unable  to 
give  a  detailed  report  owing  to  the  extreme  pressure  on  our  space. 
There  were  only  two  competitors  for  a  group  of  Chrysanthemums  and 
foliage  plants  arranged  for  effect.  Mr.  J.  Spink,  Summit  Road  Nursery, 
Walthamstow,  secured  the  premier  prize  with  a  group  of  excellent 
Chrysanthemums.  The  best  varieties  were  Madame  Gustave  Henri, 
Mrs.  J.  Lewis,  Mr.  G.  W.  Palmer,  Mary  Molyneux,  Australie,  John 
Neville,  Madame  G.  Bruant,  and  Ella  Curtis.  The  plants  were  very  dwarf 
and  beautifully  grown.  Mr.  W.  Howe,  gardener  to  Sir  Henry  Tate,  Bart., 
was  second,  with  a  good  group  of  taller  plants. 
In  the  class  for  twenty-four  blooms,  Japanese,  not  less  than  eighteen 
varieties,  Mr.  Jas.  Brooks,  gardener  to  J.  W.  Newman,  Esq.,  Totteridge 
Park,  Herts,  was  placed  first  with  the  following  varieties  : — Madame 
Gustave  Henri,  Oceana,  Mrs.  C.  H.  Payne,  John  Seward,  Madame  Ad. 
Moulin,  Reine  d’Angleterre,  Vicomte  Roger  do  Chez  dies,  Eltborne 
Beauty,  Mutual  Friend,  Wm.  Seward.  Edith  Tabor,  Mrs.  G.  W.  Palmer, 
Phoebus,  Sunstone,  Emily  Silsbury,  Ella  Curtis,  Master  H.  Tucker,  and 
Australie.  Mr.  A.  Shoesmith,  Claremont  Nursery,  Woking,  was  second 
with  good  blooms.  Mr.  R.  Jones,  gardener  to  C.  A.  Smith-Ryland,  Esq., 
Barford  Hill,  Warwick,  third. 
In  the  class  for  twelve  blooms,  Japanese,  distinct,  Mr.  J.  Fulford, 
gardener  to  F.  D.  Lambert,  Esq.,  Moor  Hall,  Cookham,  secured 
first  place  with  a  capital  stand.  The  blooms  were  Mrs.  .T.  ShrimptoD, 
M.  Panckoucke,  M.  G.  Biron,  Ella  Curtis,  Mrs.  J.  Lewis,  Dorothy  Seward, 
Reine  d’Angleterre,  Iserette,  Oceana,  Elthorne  Beauty,  Mrs.  F.  Brewer, 
and  a  scedlir.g.  Mr.  R.  Jones  was  second,  and  Mr.  J.  Brooks  third. 
There  were  six  competitors  in  the  class  for  six  blooms,  distinct,  Mr. 
J.  Brooks  again  proving  the  victor  with  good  examples  of  Elthorne 
Beauty,  Mad.  Gustave  Henri,  Mad.  Ad.  Moulin,  Oceana,  Ella  Curtis, 
and  Mrs.  C.  II.  Payne.  Mr.  F.  G.  Foster,  Brockhampton  Nurseries, 
Havant,  was  second  with  good  flowers  of  Oceana,  W.  Seward,  and  Mrs. 
J.  Lewis.  Mr.  B.  Nash,  gardener  to  F.  A.  Wellesley,  Esq.,  Honey  Pots, 
Woking,  third.  For  six  Japanese  blooms,  one  variety,  Mr.  R.  Gladwell, 
gardener  to  S.  Smith,  Esq.,  South  Norwood,  was  first  in  a  good  competition 
with  Mad.  G.  Bruant,  Mr.  Jas.  Brooks  was  second  with  Mad.  Gustav 
Henri,  and  Mr.  B.  Nash  third  with  good  blooms  of  Edith  Tabor. 
There  were  four  competitors  for  six  blooms  of  incurved  varieties. 
Mr.  R.  Bassil,  gardener  to  D.  H.  Evans,  Esq,  Shooters  Hill  House, 
Pangbourne,  was  placed  first  with  good  blooms  of  Mons.  R.  Bahuant, 
Baron  Hirsch,  and  D.  B.  Crane.  Mr.  T,  Robinson,  gardener  to 
W.  Lawrence,  Esq.,  Elsfield  House,  Hollingbourne,  was  second  with 
good  blooms  of  D.  B.  Crane,  Mons.  R,  Bahuant,  and  Duchess  of  Fife  ; 
and  Mr.  R.  Jones  third.  There  was  only  one  competitor  for  twelve 
bunches  of  Pompons.  Mr.  S.  T.  Cook,  gardener  to  A.  N.  Stephens,  Esq., 
Holmbush,  Hendon,  was  awarded  second  for  a  moderate  stand.  There 
were  five  competitors  for  six  bunches,  distinct.  Mr.  T.  L.  Turk,  gardener 
to  T.  Boney,  Esq.,  Highgate,  was  placed  first  with  a  capital  exhibit. 
Miss  R.  Debenham,  St.  Albans,  second  ;  Mr.  S.  T.  Cook  third. 
The  class  for  two  vase3  of  Chrysanthemums  with  any  foliage  proved 
to  be  a  very  attractive  one.  Mr.  W.  Mease,  gardener  to  A.  Tate,  Esq., 
Leatherhead,  was  well  ahead  with  two  very  handsome  vases,  Mr.  Jas. 
Brooks  taking  second  place  Mr.  Norman  Davis,  Frankfield,  Sussex, 
was  third.  There  was  a  fine  display  for  a  vase  of  Chrysanthemums  of 
the  Pompon  type,  Mr.  W.  Green,  jun.,  Harold  Wood  Nurseries,  securing 
the  first  prize  with  a  capital  arrangement.  Mr.  T.  L.  Turk  was  second 
with  a  very  large  arrangement  ;  and  Mr.  D.  M.  Hayler,  gardener  to 
Mrs.  Langworthy,  Maidenhead,  third.  The  competition  in  the  amateurs' 
classes  was  keen  ;  the  blooms  were  almost  equal  to  those  in  the  open 
clas;es. 
The  miscellaneous  groups  were  very  numerous,  and  contributed  mate¬ 
rially  to  the  show.  Mr.  H.  J.  Jones,  Ryecroft  Nursery,  Lewisham,  con¬ 
tributed  a  magnificent  group,  arranged  in  his  well-known  style. 
Rayonante,  a  grand  bloom  after  the  style  of  Lilian  B.  Bird  ;  Soleil 
d’Octobre,  Madame  L.  Remy%  M.  Fatzer,  Mrs.  L.  Humphrey,  EaBtman 
Bell,  a  red  sport  from  President  Borel  ;  Lili  Boutroy,  a  new  seedling  ; 
Cybele,  a  white  reflexed  ;  Madame  Leone,  Feyerick,  and  Golden  Queen 
of  the  Earlies,  a  crimson  sport  from  Madame  Marie  Masse,  were  the  most 
n  table  of  the  new  varieties.  The  whole  group  was  tastefully  arranged 
with  Crotons,  Palms,  and  Ferns.  Mr.  W.  Wells,  Earlswood  Nurseries, 
exhibited  a  group  of  plants  and  cut  flowers.  The  most  conspicuous 
varieties  were  Le  Grand  Dragon,  Melusine,  Soleil  d’Octobre,  Madame 
Gustave  Henri,  Edith  Tabor,  and  Pride  of  Stoke  Hill,  the  group  being 
edged  with  a  wreath  of  early  flowering  varieties. 
Messrs.  H.  Cannell  &  Sons,  Swanley,  had  a  very  tasteful  group  of 
Cannas,  interspersed  with  flowering  spikes  of  Polygonum  molle,  the 
whole  making  a  very  bright  and  attractive  group.  Mr.  W.  J.  Godfrey 
Exmouth,  contributed  a  fine  exhibit  of  cut  blooms,  all  up  to  exhibition 
form.  The  best  were  President  Bevan,  General  Paque,  Werther, 
Madam  G.  Seince,  Le  Grand  Dragon,  Lady  Ellen  Clarke,  Autumn  Glory, 
and  Reginald  Godfrey,  a  very  rich  chestnut ;  also  a  collection  of  perpetual 
Carnations  in  twenty  varieties,  the  majority  being  seedlings  of  Mr. 
Godfrey’s  raising.  Mr.  J.  R  Box,  West  Wickham,  exhibited  a  grand/ 
