October  20,  1898. 
•JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER. 
Cellini  ;  4,  Dumelow’s  Seedling ;  5,  Herefordshire  Beefing,  (i?.  M.  X>.). 
— 1,  Very  handsome  Louise  Bonne  de  Jersey  ;  2,  probably  Marie  Louise 
from  a  late  flower  ;  3,  Doyenne  Boussoch  ;  4,  Souvenir  du  Chngrbs. 
(A.  Z.). — Pears — 1,  Marie  Louise  ;  2,  too  hard  for  naming,  perhaps 
Beurre  Langelier;  3,  Glou  Morgeau  ;  Apples — 1,  Round  Winter  None¬ 
such  ;  2,  doubtful,  perhaps  Alfriston.  ((?.  C.). — 1,  Beurr6  Superfin  ;  2, 
Cox’s  Pomona  ;  3,  American  Mother  ;  4,  Hollandbury  ;  5,  Lady  Henniker, 
green  ;  6,  unrecognised,  perhaps  local.  ((7.  C.). — 1,  Hambledon  Deux 
Ans  ;  2,  Nonesuch  ;  3,  Kerry  Pippin  ;  4,  Winter  Codlin  ;  5,  Pearson’s 
Plate  ;  6,  Norfolk  Beefing.  ( Cymru ). — Brown  BeurrA  Some  other  parcels 
arrived  too  late  to  be  attended  to  this  week. 
Names  of  Plants. — We  only  undertake  to  name  species  of  cultivated 
plants,  not  wild  flowers,  or  varieties  that  have  originated  from  seeds  and 
termed  florists’  flowers.  Flowering  specimens  are  necessary  of  flowering 
plants,  and  Fern  fronds  should  bear  spores.  Specimens  should  arrive  in 
a  fresh  state  in  securely  tied  firm  boxes.  Thin  paper  boxes  arrive  in  a 
flattened  state.  Slightly  damp  moss,  soft  green  grass,  or  leaves  form  the 
best  packing,  dry  wool  or  paper  the  worst.  Those  arrive  in  the  best 
condition  that  are  so  closely  or  firmly  packed  in  soft  green  fresh  grass,  as 
to  remain  unmoved  by  shaking.  No  specimens  should  be  sent  to  rest  in 
the  post  office  over  Sunday,  on  which  day  there  is  no  delivery  of  postal 
matter  in  London.  Specimens  in  partially  filled  boxes  are  invariably 
injured  or  spoiled  by  being  dashed  to  and  fro  in  transit.  Not  more  than 
six  specimens  can  be  named  at  once,  and  the  numbers  should  be  visible 
without  untying  the  ligatures,  it  being  often  difficult  to  separate  them 
when  the  paper  is  damp.  {A.  McQ.). — 2,  Adiantum  pedatum  ;  3,  Pteris 
serrulata  cristata  ;  4,  Adiantum  gracillimum  ;  1,  5,  and  6  were  not  in 
condition  for  naming.  Complete  and  fertile  fronds  of  Ferns  should 
always  be  forwarded.  (F.  J.  M.). — 1,  Aspidium  trifoliatum  var.  ;  2,  Pteris 
internata  ;  3,  Blechnum  cccidentale  ;  4,  Asplenium  species  ;  5,  Adiantum 
tenerum  ;  6,  Asparagus  tenuissimus.  Numbers  should  always  be  attached 
to  the  specimens.  If  you  cannot  follow  the  names  write  us  again.  The 
Pyrethrum  uliginosum  presents  a  case  of  fascia  tit  n  that  is  not  uncommon 
( Doubtful ).— 1,  Asparagus  deflexus  ;  2,  a  Rhododendron,  probably  jasmini- 
florum.  Both  specimens  w  ere  too  small  for  positive  identification. 
TRADE  CATALOGUES  RECEIVED. 
H.  Merryweather,  Southwell. — Fruit  Trees  and  Roses. 
The  Standiffe  Estate  Co.,  Ltd.,  Darley  Dale,  Matlock. —  Trees  and 
Shrubs. 
COVENT  GARDEN  MARKET.—Oct.  19. 
FRUIT. 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
Apples,  l  sieve 
•  •  • 
1  3  to  3  6 
Lem»ns,  case  . 
... 
30  0to60  0 
Cobs  . 
...  45  0 
50  0 
St.  Michael’s  Pines,  each 
2  6 
5  0 
Grapes,  lb . 
... 
0  10 
1  6 
, 
VEGETABLES. 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
Asparagus,  per  100  ... 
•  •• 
0  0  to  0  0 
Mustard  and  Cress,  punnet 
0  2  to  0  4 
Beans,  £  sieve  . 
0  0 
0  0 
Onions,  bushel . 
... 
3  6 
4  0 
Beet,  Red,  doz . 
1  0 
’0  0 
Parsley,  doz.  bnchs.... 
... 
2  0 
3  0 
Carrots,  bunch . 
0  3 
0  4 
Parsnips,  doz . 
... 
1  0 
0  0 
Cauliflowers,  doz.  ... 
•  •• 
2  0 
3  0 
Potatoes,  cwt . 
2  0 
4  0 
Celery,  bundle . 
1  0 
0  0 
Salsafy,  bundle . 
... 
1  0 
0  0 
Coleworts,  doz.  bnchs. 
2  0 
4  0 
Scorzonera,  bundle ... 
... 
1  6 
0  0 
Cucumbers . 
0  4 
0  8 
Seakale,  basket . . 
... 
1  6 
1  0 
Endive,  doz . 
1  3 
1  6 
Shallots,  lb . 
0  3 
0  0 
Herbs,  bunch  . 
0  3 
0  0 
Spinach,  pad  . 
0  0 
0  0 
Leeks,  bunch  . 
0  2 
0  0 
Sprouts,  £  sieve 
•  •  • 
1  6 
1  9 
Lettuce,  doz . 
1  3 
0  0 
Tomatoes,  lb . 
.  .  . 
0  4 
0  9 
Mushrooms,  lb . 
... 
0  6 
8 
Turnips,  bunch . 
... 
0  3 
0  4 
PLANTS 
IN  POTS. 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
Arbor  Vitse,  var.,  doz. 
•  •• 
6  0to36  0 
Foliage  plants,  var.,  each 
1  0  to  5  0 
Aspidistra,  doz. 
•  •• 
18  0 
36  0 
Lilium  Harrisi,  doz. 
... 
12  0 
18  0 
Aspidistra,  specimen 
... 
5  0 
10  6 
Lycopodiums,  doz.  ... 
•  •• 
3  0 
4  0 
Dracaena,  var.,  doz.... 
•  •  • 
12  0 
30  0 
Marguerite  Daisy,  doz. 
•  •• 
6  0 
9  0 
Dracaena  viridis,  doz. 
•  •• 
9  0 
18  0 
Mignonette,  doz. 
•  •• 
4  0 
6  0 
Erica  various,  doz.  ... 
•  •  • 
9  0 
24  0 
Musk,  doz . 
... 
2  0 
6  0 
Euonymus,  var.,  doz. 
•  •• 
6  0 
18  0 
Myrtles,  doz . 
... 
6  0 
9  0 
Evergreens,  var.,  doz. 
•  •• 
4  0 
18  0 
Palms,  in  var.,  each 
... 
1  0 
15  0 
Ferns,  var.,  doz. 
•  •• 
4  0 
18  0 
,,  specimens  ... 
... 
21  0 
63  0 
„  email,  100 
... 
4  0 
8  0 
Pelargoniums,  scarlet,  doz. 
4  0 
6  0 
Ficus  elastica,  each ... 
•  •• 
1  0 
7  0 
8  0 
10  0 
AVERAGE  WHOLESALE  PRICES.- CUT  FLOWERS.— Orchids  in  variety. 
8.  d. 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
Asparagus,  Fern,  bunch... 
2  0  to  3  0 
Marguerites,  doz.  bnchs. 
1  6 
to  2  6 
Bouvardias,  bunch . 
0  6 
0  9 
Maidenhair  Fern,  doz. 
Carnations,  12  blooms  ... 
1  0 
2  0 
bnchs . 
4  0 
8  0 
Chrysanthemums,  per  bch. 
0  6 
1  0 
Mignonette,  doz.  bnchs. ... 
1  6 
3  0 
Eucharis,  doz.  ..,  ...  ... 
2  0 
3  0 
Orchids,  var.,  doz.  blooms 
1  6 
9  0 
Gardenias,  doz . 
1  0 
2  0 
Pelargoniums,  doz.  bnchs. 
3  0 
6  0 
Geranium,  scarlet,  doz. 
Roses  (indoor),  doz . 
0  6 
1  6 
bnchs . 
4  0 
6  0 
,,  Red,  doz. ...  . 
0  8 
0  6 
Gladioli,  per  bunch 
1  0 
1  6 
,,  Tea,  white,  doz.  ... 
1  0 
2  0 
Lapageria  (white)  . 
1  6 
2  0 
,,  Yellow,  doz.  (Perles) 
1  0 
2  0 
„  (red)  . 
1  0 
1  3 
,,  Safrano(English)doz. 
1  0 
2  0 
Lilium  lancifolium,  white 
1  6 
2  0 
,,  Pink,  doz . 
2  0 
4  0 
„  »  Pink 
1  6 
2  0 
Smilax,  bunch . 
1  6 
2  0 
„  longiflorum,  12  blooms 
4  0 
5  0 
Violets  . 
0  9 
2  6 
Lily  of  the  Valley,  12  sprays 
0  9 
1  6 
WINTER  KEEP  AND  FEEDING  STUFFS. 
The  question'  of  keeping  stock  in  good  and  thriving  condition- 
through  the  coming  winter  is  one  that  is  exercising  many  minds  at 
the  present  time,  but  in  very  varying  degrees.  Had  not  the  bay  crop 
been  a  good  one  generally,  and  its  condition  when  stacked  the  best 
on  record,  much  greater  anxiety  must  have  been  felt  in  many  districts 
but  with  a  yard  full  of  fine  hay  the  farmer  in  a  grass  country  feels 
himself  well  prepared  for  all  emergencies. 
This  year’s  hay  crop,  though  not  more  than  the  average  in  bulk 
per  acre,  was  exceptionally  well  got,  besides  which  the  acreage  was- 
120, COO  acres  over  that  of  last  year,  and  the  highest  since  1895- 
Taking  into  consideration  the  higher  feeding  quality  of  the  present- 
crop  it  is  probably  the  most  valuable  one  we  have  had  for  many  years. 
If  the  grass-land  farmer  had  plenty  of  present  grass  to  keep  him  off 
his  winter  stores  he  would  be  in  a  more  than  usually  favourable- 
position  ;  but  except  in  the  far  north  the  pastures  have  become  bare 
by  reason  of  the  drought,  and  very  little  food  is  left,  with  small 
prospect  of  further  growth  before  spring. 
This  is  particularly  noticeable  in  the  south,  where  the  fields 
present  an  appearance  similar  to  that  of  1893.  This  must  cause  a 
considerable  demand  on  the  hay  store,  and  good  though  the  latter  may 
be  there  may  be  little  of  it  left  next  May.  There  is  no  likelihood, 
however,  of  a  scarcity  sufficient  to  force  pi  ices  up  above  the  average, 
but  hay  will  advance  considerably  on  its  present  low  price. 
When  we  come  to  look  at  strictly  arable  districts  the  outlook  for 
winter  keep  is  not  so  satisfactory.  Here  the  hay,  being  grown  only 
on  a  small  area,  does  not  count  for  much,  and  the  root  crop  is  looked, 
upon  as  being  the  sheet  anchor  of  the  grazier  for  purposes  of  winter 
keep. 
After  a  long  spell  of  hot  weather,  rain  often  has  a  marvellous 
effect  on  the  growth  of  Turnips,  and  even  yet  it  is  just  possible  that 
rain  may  come  in  time  to  greatly  benefit  the  present  crop;  but  the 
mildew  has  been  so  prevalent,  and  the  roots  are  in  so  many  instances- 
prematurely  ripened,  that  we  shall  more  likely  have  to  take  the  root 
crops  as  they  are,  than  hope  for  much  material  increase. 
One  thing  is  certain,  and  that  is — that  on  all  except  the  heaviest 
soils  quality  will  not  be  high,  or,  as  the  farmer  generally  puts  it; 
“  Turnips  will  be  poor  meat  to  year.”  On  all  light  soils  Turnips  are- 
not  only  small  in  size,  but  very  tough  and  woody,  owing  to  absence 
of  sufficient  moisture.  Now,  a  Turnip  of  this  kind  is  much  less 
digestible  than  one  which  is  grown  rapidly,  and  naturally  contains  a 
normal  percentage  of  moisture.  With  such  roots  we  should  advise 
the  use  of  linseed  cake  in  preference  to  cotton,  and  a  little  crushed 
malt  is  very  useful  in  assisting  digestion  ;  but  in  using  malt  it  is 
advisable  to  be  careful  to  limit  the  quantity,  for  animals  soon  tire 
of  too  much,  or  rather  they  get  so  particular  that  they  will  eat 
nothing  else,  and  not  much  of  it ;  10  or  12  per  cent,  of  malt  would 
be  quite  sufficient  in  a  mixture  of  artificial  foods.  Linseed  cake  is 
reasonable  in  price,  being  procurable  for  about  £7  per  ton,  and  it  is 
such  a  safe  thing  to  use  that  it  can  be  thoroughly  recommended. 
For  young  animals  especially  it  is  most  essential.  Cattle  under  a 
year  old  must  have  it  if  they  are  to  make  the  best  of  progress  towards 
early  maturity. 
Arable  farmers  do  not  always  make  the  best  use  of  their  straw. 
They  are  apt  to  look  too  much  to  economy  of  labour,  and  waste  good 
straw  by  giving  it  to  cattle  by  the  cartload,  to  be  only  partially 
consumed,  but  chiefly  trodden  down  in  the  old  rough  and  ready  way. 
If  Barley  and  Oat  straw  be  chaffed  or  cut  up  for  use,  it  will  go  twice 
as  far  as  whole  straw.  A  small  amount  of  pulped  root  mixed  with 
the  straw  makes  the  latter  more  palatable,  whilst  the  roots  go  mucb 
further  given  this  way  than  in  slices. 
