November  10,  1*93 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER . 
369 
Sulphide  of  Potassium  ((?.  W.  0.). — You  have  evidently  not  had  time 
to  read  the  articles  and  advice  on  the  Chrysanthemum  rust  fungus,  or 
you  would  have  seen  that  1  oz.  to  3  gallons  of  water  is  the  generally 
recognised  strength  for  mature  leafage  ;  for  tender  foliage  under  glass 
it  would  be  prudent  to  try  half  that  strength,  and  note  the  effects.  It 
i  s  best  mixed  with  a  solution  of  softsoap.  In  reference  to  the  use  of 
this  fungicide  under  glass  it  may  be  well  to  remember  that  it  discolours 
white  lead  paint. 
Vine  Leaf  Diseased  (S.  Surrey'). — The  small  reddish  or  brown  raised 
spots  on  the  leaf  examined  is  the  disease  known  as  anthracnose,  and 
caused  by  a  fungus  named  Sphaceloma  ampelinum.  It  attacks  all  the 
green  parts  of  the  plant,  but  we  have  not  found  it  attack  the  fruit. 
It  appears  at  first  in  the  shape  of  small  round  brown  spots  depressed 
in  the  centre,  and  having  a  slightly  raised  dark  border.  The  spots 
gradually  enlarge,  and  pustules  appear  on  the  diseased  surface,  called 
pycnidia,  and  in  these  are  produced  masses  of  spores.  The  disease  has 
been  successfully  combated  on  the  Continent  and  in  America  by 
burning  all  the  diseased  leaves  and  prunings,  afterwards  dressing  the 
rods  with  a  solution  of  copperas  (iron  sulphate),  1  lb.  to  2  gallons  of 
water,  applying  carefully  with  a  brush.  This  does  not  injure  the  rods 
if  used  whilst  the  Vines  are  quite  dormant.  In  the  case  of  Vines  under 
glass  the  same  conditions  must  be  observed.  First  cleanse  the  house 
after  pruning,  and  then  dress  the  Vines.  The  old  surface  soil  or 
mulching  should  be  removed,  and  fresh  compost  supplied.  The  leaves 
must  be  collected  just  before  they  would  fall,  and  burnt,  as  should 
the  prunings.  The  wood  of  the  sport  for  propagating  should  be  well 
washed  with  the  solution.  In  case  the  disease  reappears,  a  powder 
composed  of  equal  parts  of  sulphur  and  lime  may  be  dusted  on.  One 
of  the  advertised  fungicides,  containing  sulphate  of  copper,  being  handy, 
may  be  used  instead  of  the  lime  and  sulphur  mixture.  We  have  not 
found  this  treatment  necessary  after  dressing  with  the  sulphate  of  iron 
solution.  In  order  to  fortify  the  Vines  we  should  apply  a  dressing  of 
the  following  mixture  : — Fish  meal  (white  fish)  five  parts,  sulphate  of 
potash  three  paits,  mixed,  using  4  ozs.  pf  the  mixture  per  square  yard, 
pointing  in  lightly.  This  should  be  applied  as  soon  as  the  Vines  are 
pruned  and  the  border  done  up.  In  the  spring,  when  the  Vines  are 
starting,  give  a  good  dressing  of  scot — a  handful  to  the  square  yard  ; 
but  when  they  are  carrying  heavy  crops  another  dressing  of  the  above 
mixture  may  be  applied  after  thinning  the  bunches.  The  whole  of  the 
leaves  sent  snbsequently  to  the  one  alluded  to  are  affected  with  the 
fungus,  and  some  of  them  with  another  kind,  but  we  hope  the  treatment 
advised  will  extirpate  both. 
Names  of  Fruits.  —  Notice. —  We  have  pleasure  in  naming  good 
typical  fruits  (when  the  names  are  discoverable)  for  the  convenience  of 
regular  subscribers,  who  are  the  growers  of  such  fruit,  and  not  col¬ 
lectors  of  specimens  from  non-subscribers.  This  latter  procedure  is 
wholly  irregular,  and  we  trust  that  none  of  our  readers  will  allow 
themselves  to  be  made  the  mediums  in  infringing  our  rules.  Special 
attention  is  directed  to  the  following  decision,  the  object  of  which  is 
to  discourage  the  growth  of  inferior  and  promote  the  culture  of  superior 
varieties.  In  consequence  of  the  large  number  of  worthless  Apples  and  Pears 
sent  to  this  office  to  be  named ,  it  has  been  decided  to  name  only  specimens  and 
varieties  of  approved  merit,  and  to  reject  the  inferior,  which  are  not  worth 
sending  or  growing.  The  names  and  addresses  of  senders  of  fruits  or 
flowers  to  be  named  must  in  all  cases  be  enclosed  with  the  specimens, 
whether  letters  referring  to  the  fruit  are  sent  by  post  or  not.  The 
names  are  not  necessarily  required  for  publication,  initials  sufficing  for 
that.  Only  six  specimens  can  be  named  at  once,  and  any  beyond  that 
number  cannot  be  preserved.  They  should  be  sent  on  the  first  indication  of 
change  towards  ripening.  Dessert  Pears  cannot  be  named  in  a  hard  green  state. 
(T.  W.  M.). — 1.  Manks  Codlin  ;  2,  King  of  the  Pippins;  3,  resembles 
small  fruit  of  Queen  Caroline  ;  4.  Ilumbledon  Deux  Ans  ;  5,  Meire  de 
Menage,  small  ;  6,  resembles  small  fruit  of  Ronnd  Winter  Nonesuch. 
{J.  W.  S.). — 1,  Beurre  Superfin  ;  2,  Flemish  Beauty  ;  3,  Comte  de 
Lamy  ;  4,  Flower  of  Kent ;  5,  Cox’s  Orange  Pippin  ;  6,  Hanwell 
Souring.  (J.  H.  A). — 1,  General  Todtleben  ;  2,  Beurrd  Diel.  ( C .  F.). — 
1,  Hollandbury  ;  2,  Sturmer  Pippin  ;  3,  Minchull  Crab  ;  4,  Wadhurst 
Pippin.  ( G .  S.). —  1,  New  Hawthornden  ;  2,  Evargil  ;  3,  Roundway 
Magnum  Bonum  ;  4,  Small’s  Admirable  ;  5,  Beauty  of  Hants  ;  6,  Round 
Winter  Nonesuch.  ( S .  S.). — c.  King  of  the  Pippins  :  d,  Springrove 
Codlin  ;  g.  Lamb  Abbey  Pearmain  ;  m,  Cox’s  Pomona  ;  p,  Bergamotte 
Bufo  ;  r,  Beurr6  Bose.  (J.  J.  T.  W.) —Resembles  Golden  Reinnette. 
Names  of  Plants. — We  only  undertake  to  name  species  of  cultivated 
plants,  not  wild  flowers,  or  varieties  that  have  originated  from  seeds  and 
termed  florists’  flowers.  Flowering  specimens  are  necessary  of  flowering 
plants,  and  Fern  fronds  should  bear  spores.  Specimens  should  arrive  in 
a  fresh  state  in  securely  tied  firm  boxes.  Thin  paper  boxes  arrive  in  a 
flattened  state.  Slightly  damp  moss,  soft  green  grass,  or  leaves  form  the 
best  packing,  dry  wool  or  paper  the  worst.  Those  arrive  in  the  best 
condition  that  sre  so  closely  or  firmly  packed  in  soft  green  fresh  grass,  as 
to  remain  unmoved  by  shaking.  No  specimens  should  be  sent  to  rest  in 
the  post  office  over  Sunday,  on  which  day  there  is  no  delivery  of  postal 
matter  in  London.  Specimens  in  partially  filled  boxes  are  invariably 
injured  or  spoiled  by  being  dashed  to  and  fro  in  transit.  Not  more  than 
six  specimens  can  be  named  at  once,  and  the  numbers  should  be  visible 
without  untying  the  ligatures,  it  being  often  difficult  to  separate  them 
when  the  paper  is  damp.  (L.  M.). — 1,  Laelia  anceps  ;  2,  Cypripedium 
insigne  ;  3,  Maxillaria  picta.  (.4.  W.  P.). —  1,  Adiantum  formosum  ;  2, 
Davallia  canariensis  ;  3,  Polypodium  aureum ;  4,  Cattleya  Bowringiana. 
(J/.  M.). —  1,  Daphne  indica  ;  2,  Ixora  Fraseri.  (2?.,  Kenley). — Boussin- 
gaultia  baselloides. 
COVENT  GARDEN  MARKET— Nov.  9th. 
FRUIT. 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
Apples,  J  sieve 
...  1  3  to  3  0 
Lemons,  case  . 
•  •• 
30  0to60  0 
Cobs  . 
...  40  0 
50  0 
St.  Michael’s  Pines, 
each 
2  6 
5  0 
Grapes,  lb . 
...  0  10 
1  6 
VEGETABLES. 
8.  d. 
s.  d. 
8.  d. 
s.  d. 
Asparagus,  per  100  ... 
...  0  0  to  0  0 
Mustard  and  Cress,  punnet 
0  2  to  0  4 
Beans,  |  sieve  . 
...  0  0 
0  0 
Onions,  bushel . 
•  •• 
3  6 
4  0 
Beet,  Red,  doz . 
...  1  0 
0  0 
Parsley,  doz.  bnchs.... 
2  0 
3  0 
Carrots,  bunch . 
...  0  3 
0  4 
Parsnips,  doz.  ...  ... 
1  0 
0  0 
Cauliflowers,  doz.  ... 
...  2  0 
3  0 
Potatoes,  cwt . 
2  0 
4  0 
Celery,  bundle . 
...  1  0 
0  0 
Salsafy,  bundle . 
1  0 
o  a 
Coleworts,  doz.  bnchs. 
...  2  0 
4  0 
Scorzonera,  bundle ... 
•  •  • 
1  6 
0  0 
Cucumbers . 
...  0  4 
0  8 
Seakale,  basket . 
1  6 
1  0 
Endive,  doz . 
...  1  3 
1  6 
Shallots,  lb . 
•  •• 
0  3 
0  0 
Herbs,  bunch  . 
...  0  3 
0  0 
Spinach,  pad  . 
0  0 
0  0 
Leeks,  bunch  . 
...  0  2 
0  0 
Sprouts,  J  sieve 
1  6 
1  9 
Lettuce,  doz . 
...  1  3 
0  0 
Tomatoes,  lb . 
•  •  • 
0  4 
0  9 
Mushrooms,  lb . 
...  0  6 
8 
Turnips,  bunch . 
... 
0  3 
0  4 
PLANTS 
IN  POTS. 
8.  d. 
8.  d. 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
Arbor  Vitae,  var.,  doz. 
...  6  0to36  0 
Ficus  elastica,  each ... 
1  0  to  7  0 
Aspidistra,  doz. 
...  18  0 
36  0 
Foliage  plants,  var.,  each 
1  0 
5  0 
Aspidistra,  specimen 
...  5  0 
10  6 
Liliurn  Harrisi,  doz. 
... 
12  0 
18  0 
Dracaena,  var.,  doz.... 
...  12  0 
30  0 
Lycopodiums,  doz.  ... 
... 
3  0 
4  0 
Dracaena  viridis,  doz. 
...  9  0 
18  0 
Marguerite  Daisy,  doz 
... 
6  0 
9  0 
Erica  various,  doz.  ... 
...  9  0 
24  0 
Myrtles,  doz . 
... 
6  0 
9  0 
Euonymus,  var.,  doz. 
...  6  0 
18  0 
Palms,  in  var.,  each 
... 
1  0 
15  O 
Evergreens,  var.,  doz. 
...  4  0 
18  0 
,,  specimens  ... 
... 
21  0 
63  0 
Ferns,  var.,  doz. 
...  4  0 
18  0 
Pelargoniums,  scarlet,  doz. 
4  0 
6  a 
„  small,  100 
...  4  0 
8  0 
>1  »♦ 
8  0 
10  0 
AVERAGE  WHOLESALE  PRICES.— CUT  FLOWERS.— Orchids  in  variety. 
8.  d. 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
Asparagus,  Fern,  bunch... 
2  0  to  3  0 
Lilyofthe Valley, 12  sprays 
0  9  to  1  & 
Bouvardias,  bunch . 
0  6 
0  9 
Marguerites,  doz.  bnchs. 
2  0 
3  0 
Carnations,  12  blooms  ... 
1  0 
2  0 
Maidenhair  Fern,  doz. 
Chrysanthemums,  per  bch. 
0  6 
1  0 
bnchs . 
4  0 
8  0 
„  specimen 
Mignonette,  doz.  bnchs. ... 
1  6 
3  0 
blooms,  per  doz. 
2  0 
6  0 
Orchids,  var.,  doz.  blooms 
1  6 
9  0 
Eucharis,  doz .  ... 
3  0 
4  0 
Pelargoniums,  doz.  bnchs. 
3  0 
6  0 
Gardenias,  doz . 
1  0 
2  0 
Roses  (indoor),  doz . 
2  0 
4  0 
Geranium,  scarlet,  doz. 
„  Red,  doz . 
2  0 
0  0 
bnchs*  . 
0  6 
0  9 
,,  Tea,  white,  doz. 
2  0 
3  0 
Lapageria  (white)  . 
1  6 
2  0 
„  Yellow,  doz.  (Perles) 
2  0 
3  0 
„  (red)  . 
1  0 
1  3 
„  Safrano(English)doz. 
1  0 
2  0 
Lilium  lancifolium,  white 
3  0 
4  0 
,,  Pink,  doz . 
2  0 
4  0 
„  „  pink 
3  0 
4  0 
Smilax,  bunch . 
1  6 
2  0 
„  longiflorum,  12  blooms 
6  0 
8  0 
Violets  . 
0  9 
2  6 
ISLINGTON  IN  1898. 
It  hardly  can  be  that  it  is  more  than  a  year  since  we  wrote  last 
of  the  Dairy  Show  and  its  lessons.  Time  flies  so  quickly,  and  we 
seem  to  lose  count  of  weeks  and  months.  To  think,  too,  that  this 
show  has  been  quietly  at  work  since  1876  without  a  break  !  What 
thousands  of  people  must  have  visited  the  exhibition  !  what  hundreds 
have  gone  with  a  desire  to  learn  all  they  could  as  to  the  process  of 
butter-making,  and  as  to  the  almost  endless  variety  of  cheeses  turned 
out  annually  from  British  dairies  ! 
The  show  is  an  object  lesson  on  a  large  scale,  and  as  carefully 
arranged  as  it  is  possible  to  be.  Just  read  a  list  of  the  members  of  the 
Council,  and  say  whether  a  better  set  of  men  could  be  chosen — men 
whose  whole  heart  and  soul  are  in  their  work  ;  and  their  work  really 
is  not  the  perfect  management  of  the  Dairy  Show  (though  that  is  a 
means  to  the  end),  but  to  raise  British  dairy-work  head  and  shoulders 
above  every  other  country  in  the  world.  Nowadays  so  much  is  said 
and  written  about  big  and  little  dairy  farms  that  it  behoves  one  to 
look  carefully  into  the  matter. 
It  is  quite  an  open  question  whether  to  the  ordinary  farmer  his 
dairy  is  a  source  of  much  profit.  It  is  not  and  cannot  be  (1)  where 
there  is  no  good  train  service;  (2)  where  the  pastures  are  not  suitable 
to  dairy  stock,  and  (3)  where  the  dairy  accommodation  is  scanty,  and 
the  owner  above  looking  after  the  most  trivial  details.  Indeed,  there 
