August  31,  1899. 
JOURNAL  OB1  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER. 
203 
condition  to  bo  named.  Kindly  rea,d  the  instructions  above,  and  send 
agsin  when  tho  varieties  closely  approach  ripeness.  (IK.  7?.). — Apple 
unknown,  probably  local;  Pear  Mareehal  do  la  Cour.  (C.  H.  B.).— 
1,  Iieurrd  Bose;  2,  Durondeac  ;  3,  Monsellard  ;  4,  Caillot  Rosat ;  5, 
round  fruit  of  Louise  Bonne  de  Jersey  :  6,  unrecognised. 
Names  of  Plants. — We  only  undertake  to  name  species  of  cultivated 
plants,  not  wild  (lowers,  or  varieties  that  have  originated  from  seeds  and 
termed  florists’  flowers.  Flowering  specimens  are  necessary  of  flo  wering 
plants,  and  Fern  fronds  should  bear  spores.  Specimens  should  arrive  in 
a  fresh  state  in  securely  tied  firm  boxes.  Thin  paper  boxes  arrive  in  a 
flattened  state.  Slight.lv  damp  moss,  soft  green  grass,  or  leaves  form  the 
best  packing,  dry  wool  or  paper  the  worst.  Those  arrive  in  the  best 
condition  that  ore  so  closely  or  firmly  packed  in  soft  green  fresh  grass,  as 
•o  remain  unmoved  by  shaking.  No  specimens  should  be  sent  to  rest  in 
the  post  office  over  Sunday,  on  which  day  there  is  no  delivery  of  postal 
matter  in  London.  Specimens  in  partially  filled  boxes  arc  invariably 
injured  or  spoiled  by  being  dashed  to  and  fro  in  transit.  Not  more  than 
six  specimens  can  bo  named  at  once,  and  the  numbers  should  be  visible 
without  untying  the  ligatures,  it  being  often  difficult  to  separate  them 
"'uen  the  p'lper  is  damp.  (F.  /.  B.). —  1,  Lonicera  tatarica  ;  2,  Rhus 
•  otinus  ;  3,  Staphylea  pinnnta  ;  4,  Daphne  cneorum.  (C.  G.). — 1,  Gypso- 
phda  panicuhita  ;  2,  Tracbelium  coeruleum  ;  3,  Achillea  ptarmica  ;  4, 
< himpanula  garganica  :  5,  Helenium  autumnale  ;  6,  Coreopsis  Drummondi. 
(If.  IK.  .4.).  — Adiantum  concinnum  ;  Vallota  purpurea,  the  Scarborough 
Ldv.  (,/.  R.  M!). — Your  specimens  were  rather  small,  but  so  far  as  we 
■  tild  determine  represented,  1,  Cupressus  Lawsoniana,  seedling  form  ; 
2.  l’icea  pinsnpo  glauca  ;  3,  P.  excolsa  transbraziliensis  ;  4,  Juniperus 
cninensis  ;  5,  Veratrum  nigrum  ;  6,  Ilemerocallis  fulva. 
COVENT  GARDEN  MARKET. — August  30th. 
AVERAGE  WHOLESALE  PRICES.— FRUIT. 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
8.  d. 
8.  (*. 
Apples,  English,  per  sieve 
2  0 
;o  3  0  Nectarines,  per  doz. 
3  0  to  9  0 
0  irrants,  black,  per  sieve 
6  0 
7  0  |  Peaches,  per  doz . 
3  0 
9  0 
Fists,  green,  per  doz. 
•  •• 
1  0 
3  0  Pears,  Californian,  case... 
3  0 
6  0 
G-apes,  black  . 
•  •• 
0  6 
3  0  ,,  French  Williams’, 
<  Greengages,  box  of  40  to  48 
l  3 
2  3  3G  to  56  in  a  case 
4  0 
5  0 
,,  French,  sieve 
5  0 
8  0  Pines,  St..  Michael’s,  each 
3  0 
6  0 
Lemons,  case  . 
•  •• 
14  0 
20  0  Plums,  English,  per  sieve 
6  0 
7  0 
Mdons  . each 
0  fi 
16  ,,  Californian,  case...' 
4  0 
8  0 
,,  Rock  . 
1  9 
2  Cl 
AVERAGE 
WHOLESALE  PRICES. -VEGETABLES 
8.  d. 
s.  d.  1  s 
d. 
s.  d. 
Artichokes,  green,  doz. 
•  •• 
1  0  to  2  0  Lettuce,  doz . 
1  3  to  2  0 
Aubergine,  per  doz.... 
•  •• 
1  6 
2  0  Mushrooms, lb...’.  . 
0  6 
1  0 
Beans,  J  sieve . 
... 
2  6 
3  6  Mustard  and  Cress,  punnet 
0  2 
0  0 
,,  Scarlet,  sieve 
... 
2  6 
3  0  Onions,  bag,  about  1  cwt. 
4  0 
4  6 
Reet,  Red,  doz . 
... 
0  6 
0  0  Parsley,  doz.  bunches  ... 
2  0 
4  0 
<1  .bbages,  per  tally  ... 
•  •• 
7  0 
0  0  Peas,  per  bushel  . 
6  0 
8  0 
Carrots,  per  doz. 
... 
2  0 
3  0  j  Potatoes,  cwt . 
2  0 
5  0 
Cauliflowers,  doz.  ... 
2  0 
3  0  Shallots,  lb . 
0  3 
0  G 
Celery,  new,  per  bundle 
... 
1  9 
0  0  Spinach,  per  bushel . 
0  0 
4  0 
Cucumbers,  doz. 
•  •• 
2  0 
4  0  Tomatoes,  per  doz.  lbs.  ... 
2  0 
4  6 
Endive,  doz . 
•  •• 
1  6 
2  0  Turnips,  bunch . 
o  a 
O  4 
Herbs,  bunch  . 
... 
0  3 
0  0  Vegetable  Marrows,  doz. 
1  0 
1  6 
Leeks,  bunch  . 
... 
0  2 
0  0 
AVERAGE  WHOLESALE  PRICES.— CUT  FLOWERS. 
s.  d. 
b.  d. 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
Arums  . 
•  •• 
3  0  to  4  0 
Marguerites,  doz.  bnchs. 
3  0  to  4  0 
Asparagus,  Fern,  bunch... 
2  0 
2  6 
Mignonette,  doz.  bunches 
4  0 
6  0 
tarnations,  12  blooms 
•  •  • 
1  G 
2  6 
Montbretia,  per  bunch  ... 
1  0 
1  6 
Cuttleyas,  per  doz.  ... 
•  •• 
12  0 
18  0 
Odontoglossums  . 
5  0 
7  G 
F.ucharis,  doz . 
•  •• 
4  0 
6  0 
Pelargoniums,  dozon 
Gardenias,  doz. 
•  •• 
1  G 
2  6 
bunches  . 
4  0 
6  0 
•ieranium,  scarlet, 
doz. 
Roses  (indoor),  doz . 
2  0 
3  0 
bnchs . 
•  •  • 
4  0 
6  0 
,,  Red,  doz . 
1  0 
2  0 
1. ilium  Harrisi,  12  blooms 
3  0 
4  0 
„  Tea.  white,  doz.  ... 
1  6 
2  6 
..  longiflorum,  12  blooms 
4  0 
fi  0 
„  Yellow,  doz.  (Perles) 
2  0 
8  0 
l  ilvoftbeValley,12sprays 
0  0 
15  0 
„  Safrano,  doz . 
2  0 
2  6 
Maidenhair  Fern, 
doz. 
Smilax,  bunch . 
3  0 
4  0 
bnchs . 
•  •• 
4  0 
6  0 
PLANTS 
IN  POTS. 
b.  d. 
8.  d. 
s.  d. 
s.  d 
Arbor  Vitae,  var.,  doz. 
•  •• 
6  0to36  0 
Fuchsias,  doz . 
4  0  to  6  0 
A-pidistra,  doz. 
•  •• 
18  0 
86  0 
Heliotropes,  doz . 
6  0 
9  0 
Aspidistra,  specimen 
•  •• 
15  0 
20  0 
Hydrangeas  . 
6  0 
10  0 
Crotons,  doz . 
•  •• 
18  0 
30  0 
Lilium  Harrisi,  doz. 
12  0 
18  0 
D  acaena,  var.,  doz.... 
•  •• 
12  0 
80  0 
Lilium  lancifoiium  album 
30  0 
40  0 
Dracaena  viridis,  doz. 
•  •• 
9  0 
18  0 
,,  ,,  rubrum 
30  0 
40  0 
Erica  various,  doz.  ... 
•  •• 
30  0 
60  0 
Lycopodiums,  doz . 
3  0 
4  0 
F.uonymus,  var.,  doz. 
•  •• 
6  0 
18  0 
Marguerite  Daisy,  doz.  ... 
6  0 
8  0 
!• '-ergreens,  var.,  doz. 
•  •• 
4  0 
18  0 
Myrtles,  doz . 
6  0 
9  0 
1  erns,  var.,  doz. 
•  •• 
4  0 
18  0 
Palms,  in  var.,  each 
1  0 
15  0 
.,  small,  100  ... 
•  •• 
4  0 
8  0 
,,  specimens  . 
21  0 
63  0 
C-  -UP  elastica,  each ... 
•  •• 
1  G 
7  6 
Pelargoniums,  scarlet,  doz. 
4  0 
6  0 
Foliage  plants,  var.,  each 
1  0 
5  0 
Bedding  out  plants  in  variety  from  3s.  doz. 
TRADE  CATALOGUES  RECEIVED. 
W.  Clibran  &  Son,  10  and  12,  Market  Street,  Manchester. — Bulbs. 
,1.  Craven  &%Co.,  2,  Manners  Street,  Wellington,  New  Zealand. — 
Seeds. 
Dobbie  &  Co.,  Rothesay,  N.B. —  Bulbs  and  Plants. 
S.  Dobio  &  Son,  Ileathfield  Gardens,  near  Chester. —  Winter  and  Spring 
Flowers. 
Fisher,  Son  &  Sibray,  Ltd.,  Ilandswortli,  Sheffield. — Bulbs  and  Fiower 
Roots. 
II.  J.  Jones,  Lewisham. — Bulbs  and  Tubers. 
Junior  Army  and  Navy  Stores,  Ltd.,  London. — Bulbs. 
Little  &  Ballantyne,  Carlisle. —  Bulbs. 
R.  Pringle,  40,  Bolvoir  Street,  Chester, —  Bulbs. 
B.  Soddy,  Walworth  Road. — Bulbous  Floucr  Roots. 
R.  Sydenham,  Birmingham. — Bulbs. 
Toogood  &  Sons,  Southampton. — Bulbs  and  Roots. 
Vilmorin,  Andrieux  &  Co.,  Quai  de  la  Megisserie,  Paris. — Bulbs, 
E.  Webb  &  Sons,  Wordsley. —  Bulbs. 
MILKING. 
What  an  unnecessary  topic!  will  say  many  of  our  readers. 
Surely  milking  is  such  very  elemeutary  work  that  we  need  no  guide 
or  hint  at  all.  We  have  milked  from  our  youth  up,  or,  if  not, 
surely  if  we  watch  the  milker  a  time  or  two  we  shall  know  all 
there  is  to  know  ?  Not  at  all.  To  begin  with,  it  is  most  frequently 
on  the  simplest  subjects  tha'  the  greatest  ignorance  is  shown.  So  much 
is  taken  for  granted,  and  people  are  either  ashamed  to  display  their 
ignorance  by  questions  or  too  shy  to  subject  themselves  to  possible 
raillery.  It  is  such  a  pity  to  find  things  badly  done  just  through 
sheer  carelessness  or  culpable  ignorance  ! 
A  cow  in  full  milk  is  a  most  valuable  animal,  and  it  behoves  those 
who  have  the  charge  of  such  to  bo  most  careful  and  trustworthy. 
The  flow  of  milk  can  be  so  easily  arrested,  if  not  entirely  stopped, 
and  not  only  is  this  serious  for  the  poor  cow-keeper,  but  it  also 
affects  the  after  welfare  of  the  cow.  Many  a  good  cow  has  been  spoilt 
for  life  by  bad  or  indifferent  milking.  We  have  known  good  cow  men 
— that  is,  good  at  feeding  and  cleaning  and  looking  after  cows — who 
simply  were  not  fit  to  milk ;  they  ruined  every  cow  they  touched. 
They  might  know  it  themselves,  but  were  loath  to  confess  it.  Taken 
all  in  all,  women  make  the  best  milkers :  but  the  difficulty  is  to  get 
women  who  will  milk.  It  is  not  the  cleanest  of  work,  and  it  must  be 
done  twice  a  day  with  the  greatest  regularity.  If  the  year  were  all 
summer  it  might  not  be  so  objectionable,  but  there  are  the  dark,  cold 
winter  mornings  when  the  hands,  if  not  the  whole  body,  are  chilled, 
the  light  only  a  lantern  or  more  or  less  smelling  paraffin  lamp.  The 
days  are  too  short  to  wait  for  more  light,  and  the  work  has  to  be  done 
betimes. 
Of  course  as  in  human  beings,  so  among  cows,  there  are  differ¬ 
ences  of  disposition — fractious  cows,  ill-tempered  cows,  and  placid 
cows,  and  we  may  expect  to  meet  all  sorts  in  a  dairy  herd  of  any 
size.  Milking  is  the  “rite”  of  the  day,  and  cows  and  milkers  must 
perform  that  “rite”  in  a  proper  frame  of  mind.  We  are  now 
thinking  of  summer  time,  when  the  cow  pasture  is  far  from  the 
homestead,  and  the  cows  have  to  be  brought  up  for  milking  time. 
As  a  rule  th9  cow  is  a  slow  mover;  given  an  udder  full  of  milk 
a  quick  pace  would  bo  most  uncomfortable,  if  not  even  injurious. 
We  hate  to  see  a  dog  used  to  fetch  the  cows  home. 
We  dislike  also  to  see  a  silly  careless  lad  sent.  The  lad  probably 
has  several  projects  in  his  mind,  and  will  get  vexed  and  irritated  by 
the  slow  pacing  of  the  cows.  What  cares  he  if  they  come  up  at  a 
mad  gallop,  rushing  and  forcing  their  way  through  the  yard  doors  , 
