November  16,  1899. 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER. 
425 
The  after  culture  consists  in  regular  attention  to  watering.  The  first 
bud  which  shows  on  these  plants  will  give  a  good  flower  if  its  appear¬ 
ance  is  not  made  earlier  than  August.  If  a  bud  should  appear  in 
July  nip  it  out  and  grow  the  shoot  to  the  next.  This  makes  the 
plant  taller,  but  a  better  flower  results.  The  side  growths  round  the 
bud  may  be  gradually  rubbed  out,  and  all  small  shoots  starting  from 
the  axils  of  the  leaves  dispensed  with  as  they  appear.  Commence  to 
feed  when  the  buds  are  thoroughly  set,  giving  weak  supplies  of 
various  manures  several  times  weekly. 
£The  next  method  of  dwarfing  Chrysanthemum  is  the  one  most 
generally  adopted  and  was  originated  by  Mr.  Orchard.  Plants  are 
established  from  cuttings  inserted  in  winter  in  the  ordinary  way,  and 
grown  strongly  in  6-inch  pots  until  June,  when  a  commencement 
is  made  in  cutting  back  the  stems  to  4,  6  or  8  inches.  The  plants 
should  be  well  furnished  with  leaves,  to  the  base  if  possible.  The 
varieties  which  bloom  late  may  be  dealt  with,  following  in  a  week 
with  the  mid  season,  and  last  of  all  the  early  flowering  varieties. 
After  the  plants  are  cut  down  they  must  be  placed  in  a  frame  and 
given  no  water  or  very  little  until  fresh  growths  push.  The  stems 
may  be  syringed,  which  will  supply  the  moisture  necessary  and 
encourage  the  buds  to  break.  The  best  of  the  shoots  resulting  must 
be  retained.  Three  or  four  will  be  ample.  When  they  are  about  an 
inch  long,  the  final  potting  may  be  carried  out,  giving  them  pots 
8  inches  in  diameter.  Tie  the  growths  to  a  central  stake  loosely  as 
they  advance.  No  further  topping  will  be  necessary,  and  the  first 
buds  which  show  may  be  taken  if  they  do  this  at  the  middle  or  end 
of  August. 
Still  dwarfer  plants  may  be  obtained  by  inserting  the  tops  of  the 
cut-down  plants,  immediately  the  cutting  down  is  effected.  They 
will  root  in  small  pots  in  a  warm  closed  frame.  Gradually  expose  to 
air  as  they  become  established,  and  when  well  rooted  shift  into  5  or 
6-inch  pots.  These  will  only  be  able  to  produce  one  flower  each,  but 
with  proper  attention  and  culture  the  blooms  develop  into  good 
medium-sized  specimens,  and  if  the  foliage  is  retained  to  the  base  it 
improves  the  plants. 
Some  varieties  of  Chrysanthemums  are  naturally  very  dwarf  even 
when  Dot  stopped  or  cut  back  in  any  way,  and  if  cuttings  are  rooted 
rather  late,  say  in  April,  the  plants  from  these  will  be  much  dwarfer. 
When  the  cuttings  commence  to  grow  well  after  rooting  take  out  the 
tops,  and  on  breaking  into  growth  place  into  7-inch  pots.  Stake  and 
put  the  plants  in  their  summer  quarters,  watering  carefully  at  first, 
but  freely  afterwards  as  the  pots  become  full  of  roots.  Retain  the 
first  bud  which  shows,  and  secure  a  good  development  of  this  by 
judicious  feeding.  It  is  only  the  Japanese  varieties  which  succeed  so 
well  when  cut  down.— E.  D.  S. 
GOOD  VARIETIES  FOR  CUTTING. 
In  the  race  for  new  varieties,  I  fear  we  sometimes  discard  old 
favourites  which  will  still  hold  their  own  against  all  comers  for 
certain  purposes.  I  do  not  here  refer  to  blooms  grown  for  exhibition, 
but  for  supplying  medium-sized  flowers  for  cutting  on  long  stems,  the 
type  which  find  the  readiest  sale  in  the  markets.  I  find  pink  and 
mauve  pink  varieties  are  in  considerable  demand,  and  the  markets  are 
seldom  glutted  with  them.  A  fine  earlv  variety  which  comes  in  just 
in  advance  of  Lady  Selborne  is  0.  J.  Quintus ;  the  flowers  are  of  a 
taking  rose  pink  colour,  are  borne  on  stiff  stems,  and  the  plant  is  a 
good  doer. 
Our  old  friend  James  Salter  begins  to  flower  just  as  the  preceding 
one  is  past  its  best,  and  amoDg  a  number  of  varieties  of  similar  colour 
I  find  none  sells  so  readily  as  this  “  pink  Selborne.”  When  a  little  heat 
is  kept  constantly  in  the  hot-water  pipes  to  bring  out  the  flowers 
quickly  their  colour  is  a  delicate  mauve  pink,  a  shade  at  the  present 
time  quite  fashionable,  and  therefore  in  demand.  Growers  for  market 
will  do  well  to  raise  a  stock  of  J.  Salter  for  next  season.  W.  Tricker, 
which  was  at  one  time  considered  a  fine  show  flower,  has  now  fallen 
out  of  the  ranks  for  that  purpose,  but  it  is  a  grand  variety  to  grow  for 
supplying  cut  flowers.  Being  a  very  strong  grower,  a  large  number 
of  good  flowers  may  be  produced  on  a  plant  in  a  9-inch  pot ;  these 
being  rose  pink  in  colour  sell  readily,  and  the  variety  is  one  of  the 
most  profitable  to  grow  with  which  I  am  acquainted. 
White  and  Yellow  Lacroix  are  each  good  selling  sorts,  but  they 
need  to  be  well  grown  in  an  exposed  position  during  summer,  and  kept 
near  the  glass  when  housed,  or  the  peduncles  are  too  weak  to  support 
lhe  flowers.  The  man  who  can  raise  a  Lacroix  with  a  stiff  stem  will 
be  lifted  far  on  the  road  to  fortune.  Ryecroft  Glory,  a  much  more 
recent  introduction,  is  grand  in  every  way,  and  is  a  fine  market  variety, 
especially  in  regard  to  stiffness  of  stem  and  pleasing  colour.  Source 
d’Or,  yellow  and  bronze,  are  good  sorts  to  grow,  as  the  flowers  are 
attractive  and  the  plants  grow  strongly.  These  two  varieties  require 
to  be  rooted  early,  and  stopped  frequently. 
W.  Holmes  (rich  crimson)  and  W.  II.  Lincoln  are  too  well  known 
to  need  description,  and  are  still  able  to  hold  their  own  against 
varieties  of  similar  colour.  Bertha  Rendatler,  au  old  sort,  is  still  one 
of  the  best,  as  the  flowers  are  uncommon  in  appearance,  being  a 
pleasing  mixture  of  yellow,  rose,  and  bronze. 
Turning  to  late  varieties,  we  still  rely  principally  on  comparatively 
old  varieties  ;  but  two  modern  ones  are  grand  acquisitions.  I  refer  to 
H.  W.  Rieman,  a  fine  yellow,  a  little  later  than  Lincoln ;  and  Princess 
Victoria,  a  good  full  white,  now  largely  grown.  W.  H,  Lincoln 
ought  not,  however,  to  be  discarded  now  that  a  rival  has  appeared,  as 
it  is  such  a  good  doer,  can  always  be  relied  upon  to  flower,  and  bv 
selecting  the  terminal  bud  it  flowers  from  Christmas  to  the  end  of 
January.  For  flowering  throughout  December  there  is  yet  no  white 
to  beat  Niveus,  and  Lady  L.  Canning  is  an  excellent  white  for  blooming 
during  January  and  February.  It  requires  to  be  well  grown  to  give 
satisfactory  results,  as  many  cultivators  have  been  disappointed  in 
failing  to  flower  it  satisfactorily.  I  find  her  ladyship  requires  plenty 
of  feeding,  as  she  is  not  a  strong  grower.  This  year  I  have  a  good 
stock  of  plants,  and  every  shoot  is  now  showing  bud,  though  at  one 
time  I  was  rather  dubious  about  their  doing  so;  but  by  leaving  the 
plants  in  the  open  air  till  the  middle  of  October,  and  applying 
chemical  manures  once  a  fortnight,  the  shoots  have  hardened  wonder¬ 
fully  since  September.  I  find  the  best  results  are  obtained  from  plants 
two  years  old.  Those  who  rooted  cuttings  last  December  or  January 
should  shake  out  the  stools  next  spring,  repot  into  smaller  pots,  and 
transfer  to  the  flowering  ones  in  May.  With  a  little  stopping  and 
high  feeding  two  dozen  good  flowers  can  then  be  grown  on  a  plant  in 
a  10-inch  pot. — Market  Grower. 
KING  OF  YELLOWS. 
No  exhibitor  of  incurved  flowers  can  afford  to  do  without  this 
grand  variety.  It  is  brighter  in  colour  than  C.  Curtis,  the  petals  are 
broad  of  the  true  incurved  type,  and  the  bloom  large  and  deep.  It 
will,  I  think,  prove  a  great  rival  to  Chas.  Curtis,  and  it  is,  in  my 
opinion,  by  far  the  finest  bright  yellow  we  have.  The  only  plant  I 
have  grown  of  it  has  done  remarkably  well,  and  each  shoot  has 
produced  a  fine  bloom.  To  friends  and  foes  alike  I  say,  Try  King  of 
the  Yellows. — H.  D. 
DIVIDING  THE  JAPANESE  INTO  SECTIONS. 
In  every  instance  where  the  attempt  has  bten  made  to  separate  the 
varied  forms  of  the  Japanese  by  offering  prizes  for  incurved  shapes  or 
reflexed  forms,  has  ended  in  failure.  This  perhaps  would  not  be  so  if 
every  bloom  were  exhibited  in  its  true  character.  But  who  is  to  say 
what  is  the  true  character  of  a  sort  that  produces  recurving-shaped 
flowers  from  early  buds  and  incurving  ones  from  late  buds  ? 
The  National  Chrysanthemum  Society  has  attempted  in  its  cata¬ 
logue  to  give  a  list  which  is  binding  to  that  and  affiliated  Societies, 
but  the  list  is  practically  useless,  because  it  is  not  revised  annually. 
And  even  if  it  were  the  matter  would  rest  with  the  Judges,  because 
they  would  insist  upon  each  flower  being  as  it  is  represented  in  such 
list.  In  every  case  we  have  met  with  the  whole  of  the  stands  should 
rightly  have  been  disqualified.  This,  however,  would  be  unpleasant, 
and  the  fault  lies  with  those  who  compile  the  schedules. 
Division  should  not  be  thought  of.  It  sounds  well  and  appears  to 
create  an  element  that  is  fresh,  but  in  the  working  it  is  a  failure.  A 
stand  of  Chrysanthemum  blooms  all  of  one  type  cannot  be  compared 
in  beauty  to  one  of  varied  shades,  nor  is  it  so  interesting  to  the  general 
visitor,  who  finds  all  types  together  the  more  attractive,  if  good,  of 
their  kind.  If,  therefore,  schedule-makers  for  next  year  be  on  the 
look  out  for  something  that  is  fresh  in  the  way  of  exhibiting  blooms 
of  Chrysanthemums,  we  would  ask  that  they  go  in  auy  direction 
except  the  one  heading  this  note. — Judge. 
FRENCH  RAISERS  OF  CHRYSANTHEMUMS. 
I  have  only  just  seen  the  Journal  for  November  2nd,  having 
been  away  at  the  Lyons  Show,  and  have  read  the  article  by 
“Experto  Crede”  on  this  subject.  I  agree  with  what  he  says  about 
M.  Auguste  Nonin,  having  watched  with  some  interest  the  productions 
of  that  gentleman  since  I  first  made  his  acquaintance  as  President  of 
the  Paris  Committee  three  years  ago. 
On  my  journey  to  Lyons  I  had  a  few  hours  to  wait  in  Paris,  and 
to  utilise  them  to  the  best  advantage,  took  a  cab  and  drove  off  at  once 
to  M.  Nonin’s  nursery,  which  lies  in  a  southern  suburb  beyond  the 
city  walls.  The  time  was  well  spent,  and  as  soon  as  the  rush  of 
matter  slackens  somewhat  I  hope  to  tell  “Experto  Crede”  and  other 
readers  what  I  saw  there. — C.  H.  P. 
FERNCLIFFE,  APPERLEY. 
Mr.  W.  Butters,  gardener  to  Briggs  Priestly,  Esq.,  M.P.,  is  again 
to  the  fore  with  some  excellent  flowers,  both  for  grouping  and  for 
showing  on  boards.  The  display  in  the  conservatory  must  be  most 
gratifying  to  Mr.  Briggs  Priestley  and  his  lriends.  The  incurved 
varieties  are  some  of  the  best  flowers  I  have  seen  in  the  neighbour¬ 
hood,  well  built  up  and  shapely ;  a  few  of  the  best  are  worth  noting : 
Madame  Ferlat,  Tvonne  Desblanc,  Duchess  of  Fife,  Charles  Curtis,  a 
remarkably  fine  flower  ;  Brookleigh  Gem,  Lady  Isobel,  George  Haigb, 
