November  16,  1919.  JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER . 
m 
Disqualifying  Chrysanthemums  ((?.  Plumps'). — Whatever  we  may 
think  of  the  N.C  S.  list  of  too-much-ahke  varieties,  the  rule  applies  to  ail 
classes  of  societies  which  are  in  affiliation  with  the  central  Society  ;  also 
all  others  when  indicated  in  the  schedules  that  the  N.C.S.  rules  shall  be 
followed.  In  judging  independently  of  these  rules,  we  should  not 
disqualify  a  stand  for  the  reason  you  state. 
Planting  Early  Potatoes  before  Winter  (/.  A.  C  C.). — The  practice 
was  strongly  advocated  many  years  ago,  and  was  tested  by  many  culti¬ 
vators,  some  pronouncing  it  successful,  and  others  not  beiDg  satisfied  with 
the  results.  When  the  ground  is  free  from  slugs,  wireworms,  and  other 
Potato  enemies,  and  the  soil  is  of  a  light  nature,  autumn  planting  may  be 
practised  ;  but  frosts  have  to  be  reckoned  with,  and  the  sets  consequently 
placed  6  to  8  inches  deep  Some  persons  also  spread  litter  on  the  surface 
before  severe  frost.  It  is  at  the  best  an  uncertain  plan,  answering  in 
some  soils  and  seasons  only.  Early  Potatoes  are  best  prepared  b\ 
inducing  robust  sprout  growth,  as  practised  from  the  beginning  of  the 
century  in  the  Lincoln  and  York  Potato  districts,  before  planting  towards 
the  end  of  March  or  earlier  in  the  warm  southern  parts  of  the  country. 
You  will  find  the  method  illustrated  on  page  1 1 4  oi  Wright’s  "Primer  ot 
Horticulture  ’’  (Macmillan),  which  you  can  obtain  for  Is  through  a 
bookseller  Tons  of  tubers  are  prepared  in  boxes.  See  also  Dean’s 
“Primer  on  Vegetables  ;  ”  same  price  and  publishers. 
Pruning  Vines  ( Amateur  Reader). — Pruning  on  the  spur  system  con¬ 
sists  in  carrying  up  one  leading  shoot  to  the  back  of  the  house,  establish 
ing  thereon  what  are  termed  spurs,  or  what  might,  perhaps,  be  more 
properly  termed  snags,  from  the  front  to  the  back,  as  nearly  as  possible 
at  measured  distances,  and  as  far  as  may  be  placed  alternately  up  the 
stem.  About  one  to  every  foot  is  sufficient.  These  spurs  are  first 
developed  as  side  shoots,  and  in  order  to  insure  their  due  and  full 
development  they  are  produced  during  about  three  seasons.  There  are 
those  who  will  run  a  cane  up  to  the  back  of  the  house,  and  fruit  it  the 
whole  length  the  next  year  ;  but  this  is  not  sound  practice,  A  good 
cane  nearly  the  length  of  the  roof,  and  about  three-quarters  of  an  inch 
in  diameter,  may  be  pruned  to  one-third  the  rafter  length  the  first  year, 
another  third  the  second,  and  the  remainder  the  third  year.  By  this 
plan,  supposing  the  rafter  to  be  15  feet  long,  there  will  be  about  five  large 
bunches  the  first  year,  ten  the  second,  and  fifteen  or  more  the  third  ;  and 
this  will  be  found  to  tax  the  powers  of  the  Vine  heavily,  perhaps  too 
much.  By  this  mode  every  side  shoot  will  be  strongly  developed,  and 
consequently  a  selection  may  be  readily  made.  The  subsequent  pruning 
simply  consists  in  cutting  each  of  these  back  annually  to  the  last  eye  at 
the  base  of  the  young  sine  shoot,  although  some  leave  another  eye. 
Names  of  Fruits.  —  Notice.  —  We  have  pleasure  in  naming  good 
typical  fruits  (when  the  names  are  discoverable)  for  the  convenience  o* 
regular  subscribers,  who  are  the  growers  of  such  fruit,  and  not  col 
lectors  of  specimens  from  non-subscribers.  This  latter  procedure  i- 
wholly  irregular,  and  we  trust  that  none  of  our  readers  will  allow 
themselves  to  be  made  the  mediums  in  infringing  our  rules.  Special 
attention  is  directed  to  the  following  decision,  the  object  of  which  n 
to  discourage  the  growth  of  inferior  and  promote  the  culture  of  superior 
varieties.  In  consequence  of  the  large  number  of  worthless  Apples  and  Pears 
sent  to  this  office  to  be  named,  it  has  been  decided  to  name  only  specimens  and 
varieties  of  approved  merit,  and  to  reject  the  inferior,  which  are  not  worth 
sending  or  growing.  The  names  and  addresses  of  senders  of  fruits  or 
flowers  to  be  named  must  in  all  cases  be  enclosed  with  the  specimen;-, 
whether  letters  referring  to  the  fruit  are  sent  by  post  or  not.  Tb* 
names  are  not  necessarily  required  for  publication,  initials  sufficing  fo 
that.  Only  six  specimens  can  be  named  at  once,  and  any  beyond  tha 
number  cannot  be  preserved.  They  should  be  sent  on  the  first  indication  oj 
change  towards  ripening.  Dessert  Pears  cannot  be  named  in  a  hard  green  state 
The  practice  of  pinning  numbers  to  the  eyes  of  the  fruits  tends  to  destrov 
one  of  the  most  characteristic  features  and  increases  the  difficulty  ui 
identification.  When  Plums  are  sent  to  be  named  young  wood  of  th<- 
trees  should  accompany  them  Leaves  of  the  trees  are  necessary  with 
Peaches  and  Nectarines,  with  intormalion  as  to  whether  the  dowers 
are  large  or  small.  (C.  S ).  -Comte  de  Lamy.  (A.  M.). — 1,  Golden 
Winter  Pearmain  ;  2,  Wa.thsm  Abbey  Seedling  ;  3,  King  of  the 
Pippins  ;  4,  London  Pippin.  (if.  A  B.). —  1,  Greenup’s  Pippin  ;  2, 
Beauty  of  Kent  ;  3,  Cox’s  Orange  Pippin  ;  4,  Red  Ingestrie  ;  5,  Cellini  ; 
6,  Winter  Greening.  (.<?.  W.  L.)—\.  Lewis’s  Incomparable  ;  2,  Margil  ; 
3,  Cobham.  (f7.  H.). — Huyshe’s  Victoria.  (/.  A.). — The  fruits  more 
resemble  Maltster  than  any  variety  we  know. 
Names  of  Plants. — We  only  undertake  to  name  species  of  cultivate 
plants,  not  wild  flowers,  or  varieties  that  have  originated  from  seeds  amt 
termed  florists’  flowers.  Flowering  specimens  are  necessary  of  Cowering 
plants,  and  Fern  fronds  should  bear  spores.  Specimens  should  arrive  in 
a  fresh  state  in  securely  tied  firm  boxes.  Thin  paper  boxes  arrive  in  & 
flattened  state.  Slightly  damp  moss,  soft  green  grass,  or  leaves  form  thi 
best  packing,  dry  wool  or  paper  the  worst.  Those  arrive  in  the  bes; 
condition  that  are  so  closely  or  firmly  packed  in  soft  green  fresh  grass,  at 
to  remain  unmoved  by  shaking.  No  specimens  should  be  sent  to  rest  b 
the  post  office  over  Sunday,  on  which  day  there  is  no  delivery  ot  posts) 
matter  in  London.  Specimens  in  partially  filled  boxes  are  invariably 
injured  or  spoiled  by  being  dashed  to  and  fro  in  transit.  Not  more  thsi 
aix  specimens  can  be  named  at  once,  and  the  numbers  should  be  visibh 
without  untying  the  ligatures,  it  being  often  difficult  to  separate  then 
when  the  piper  is  damp.  (7.  C.  S  )  — Leucadendron  argenteum  (A.  J.  W ) 
—  Clerodendron  nutans.  (C.  «/.). — 1,  Laurus  nobilis  ;  2,  Thuiopsis  dola- 
brata  ;  3,  Retinospora  ericoides  ;  4,  Cupressus  Lobbi  ;  5,  Retinospora 
filicoides.  ( Fern  Lover).— Adiantuin  gracillimura. 
(JO  VENT  GARDEN  MARKET. — November  15th. 
AVERAGE  WHOLESALE  PRICES. — FRUIT. 
s.  d.  s.  d. 
Applea,  English,  per  sieve  3  0  to  5  0 
„  Canadian,  barrel  ...  10  0  15  0 
„  Nova  Scotian,  barrel  10  0  17  0 
Cobnut*  per  100  lb .  60  0  70  0 
Lemons,  case  .  14  0  20  0 
8.  d.  s.  '  . 
Grapes,  black  .  0  6  to  3  0' 
,,  Muscat .  10  3  0 
Melons  . each  0  6  16 
Pears,  Californian,  oase...  6  0  9  0 
Pines,  St.  Michael’s,  each  10  6  0 
AVERAGE  WHOLESALE 
a.  d. 
a.  d. 
Artichokes,  green,  doz.  ... 
3  0  to  4  0 
Asparagus,  green,  bundle 
4  0 
4  6 
,,  giant,  bundle 
15  0 
20  0 
Beans,  Jersey,  per  lb . 
0  6 
0  8 
,,  French,  per  lb.  ... 
0  4 
0  5 
Reet.  Red,  doz. . 
0  6 
0  0 
Cabbages,  per  tally . 
7  0 
0  0 
Carrots,  per  doz . 
2  0 
3  0 
Cauliflowers,  doz . 
0  9 
1  6 
Celery,  per  bundle . 
1  0 
1  3 
Cucumbers,  doz . 
2  0 
4  0 
Endive,  doz . 
0  9 
1  3 
Herbs,  bunch  . 
0  2 
0  0 
PRICES.— VEGETABLES. 
8.  d.  ».  <i. 
Leeks,  bunch  .  0  3  to  0  0 
Lettuce,  doz .  0  6  O'O 
Mushrooms.  lb .  13  16 
Mustard  and  Cress,  punnet  0  2  0  0 
Onions,  bag,  about  1  cwt.  4  0  4  6 
Parsley,  doz.  bunches  ...  2  0  4  0 
Potatoes,  cwt .  2  0  6  0 
Seakale,  doz.  baskets  ...  18  0  21  O' 
Shallots,  lb .  0  3  0  0 
Spinach,  per  bushel .  2  0  4  0 
Tomatoes,  per  doz.  lbs.  ...  2  0  5  0 
Turnips,  bunch .  0  3  6  4 
AVERAGE  WHOLESALE  PRICES.-CUT  FLOWERS. 
8.  d. 
8.  d. 
a.  d. 
8 
d. 
Arums  . 
8  OtolO  0 
Lilac,  white,  bundle 
4  0  to  7 
fr" 
Asparagus,  Fern,  bunch... 
2  0 
2  6 
Maidenhair  Fern,  doz. 
Carnations,  12  blooms  ... 
2  6 
3  6 
bnchs . 
6  0 
8 
0 
Cattleyas,  per  doz . 
10  0 
12  0 
Marguerites,  doz.  bnchs. 
3  0 
4 
0 
Chrysanthemums,  white 
Mignonette,  doz.  bunches 
6  0 
8 
0 
doz.  blooms 
6  0 
9  0 
Narcissus,  white,  doz.  bun. 
2  0 
6  0 
,,  yellow  doz.  blooms 
5  0 
8  0 
Odontoglossums  . 
5  0 
7 
6 
„  bunches  var. 
0  6 
1  6 
Pelargoniums,  doz.  bnchs 
8  0 
12  0 
Eucharis,  doz . 
6  0 
8  0 
Roses  (indoor),  doz . 
6  0 
8  0 
Gardenias,  doz . 
4  0 
6  0 
,,  Red,  doz . 
6  0 
8 
0 
Geranium,  scarlet,  doz. 
„  Safrano,  packet 
1  6 
2 
6 
bnchs . 
6  0 
12  0 
,,  Tea,  while,  doz. 
3  6 
6 
0 
Lilium  Harrisi,  12  blooms 
12  0 
15  0 
,,  Yellow,  doz.  (Perlee) 
5  0 
7 
6 
,,  lancifolium  album  ... 
3  6 
4  6 
Smilax,  bunch . 
3  6 
5 
,,  ,,  rubrum... 
3  6 
4  6 
Violets,  Parma,  bunch  ... 
1  6 
5 
0 
,,  longiflorum,  12  blooms 
8'  0 
12  0 
,,  dark,  French,  doz. 
1  6 
3 
6 
Lily  of  the  Valley,  12 
„  „  English,  doz. 
1  6 
3 
6 
sprays  . 
18  0 
24  f. 
PLAINTS 
IN  POTS. 
8.  d. 
8.  d. 
a.  d. 
s. 
d. 
Arbor  Vitae,  var.,  doz. 
6  0  to  36  0 
Ferns  small,  100  . 
4  0  to  8 
0 
Aspidistra,  doz . 
18  0 
36  0 
Ficus  eiastica,  each . . 
16 
7 
6 
Aspidistra,  specimen 
15  0 
20  0 
Foliage  plants,  var.,  each 
1  0 
5 
" 
Chrysanthemums,  per  doz. 
6  0 
12  0 
Lycopodiums,  doz . 
t  0 
6 
O' 
Crotons,  doz . 
18  0 
80  0 
Marguerite  Daisy,  doz.  .. 
10  0 
18 
0 
Dracaena,  var.,  doz . 
12  0 
30  0 
Myrtles,  doz.  ...  ... 
6  0 
9 
1) 
Dracaena  viridis,  doz. 
9  0 
18  0 
Palms,  in  var.,  each 
1  0 
15 
0 
Erica  various,  doz . 
30  0 
60  0 
„  specimens  . 
21  0 
63 
0 
Euonymus,  var.,  doz. 
6  0 
18  0 
Salvia*,  scarlet,  doz. 
6  0 
12  0 
Evergreens,  var.,  doz. 
4  0 
IS  0 
Solanums,  per  doz . 
9  0 
18 
0 
Ferns,  var.,  doz . 
4  0 
18  0 
ODDS  AND  ENDS. 
There  are  always  subjects  of  interest  cropping  up,  and  while 
many  of  them  are  too  small  to  provide  a  paper,  yet  several  of  them 
grouped  together  may,  we  hope,  prove  acceptable  to  our  readers. 
There  is  one  species  of  annoyance  to  which  farmers  are  much 
subjected  to  in  the  autumn — trespass  ;  it  is  then  that  the  fields  and 
hedges  are  most  inviting  to  illegal  despoilers.  Certainly  at  other 
times  of  the  year  there  is  the  nuisance  and  vexation  which  arises  from 
those  ill-conditioned  people  who  are  always  on  the  look-out  for  a 
“  short  cut.”  No  matter  how  immaterial  the  distance  gained  by  the 
“  short  cut  ”  they  will  try  for  it.  No  fence,  however  strong,  turns 
them  ;  notice  boards  are  as  dead  letters.  Not  only  do  they  make 
exceedingly  ugly  tracks  across  arable  fields,  but  any  loose  stick  of 
fencing — or,  for  that  matter,  unloose — eventually  finds  its  way  into 
the  trespasser’s  grate  or  under  his  oven.  As  for  hoping  for  help  in  the 
matter  from  the  rural  police — well,  they  are  too  sparsely  scattered  to- 
be  of  much  use  in  the  outlying  fields,  and  it  is  really  men  who  should 
know  better  who  are  the  great  aggressors. 
The  formation  of  a  new  track  should  be  stopped  at  once.  Years 
