March  12,  1896. 
JOURNAL  OP  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER, 
239 
double,  it  is  delightful  in  the  bud,  its  canary  yellow  flowers  being  tinted 
with  a  lighter  shade.  Marquis  of  Salisbury  greatly  resembles  Camoens, 
except  in  colour,  which  is  red,  Pink  Rover  and  Reine  Marie  Henriette 
I  have  previously  dealt  with.  Princess  May  I  have  only  obtained  this 
year.  The  colour  of  the  flowers  is  one  always  in  demand,  aDd  I  fancy 
the  variety  will  prove  to  be  of  sterling  merit. 
Reine  Olga  de  VVurtemberg  bears  flowers  of  a  particularly  bright  red 
colour,  and  is  especially  useful  as  a  climber  for  supplying  abundance  of 
semi-double  flowers.  Souvenir  de  Wootton,  a  red  American  Rose,  and 
moderate  in  habit  of  growth,  is  a  variety  par  excellence  for  supplying 
early  forced  buds. 
Before  drawing  these  brief  notes  to  a  close  let  me  say  in  favour  of  the 
Hybrid  Teas  that  I  think  all  true  lovers  of  our  national  flower  should 
hail  their  appearance  with  delight  instead  of  abuse,  seeing  that  they 
present  to  our  vision  such  splendid  possibilities  for  the  future,  for  they 
seem  to  give  promise  of  a  time  when  we  shall  have  a  race  of  Roses 
possessing  the  hardiness  of  the  H.P.’s,  with  the  charm  and  fragrance  of 
the  Teas. — H.  D. 
Pot  Roses. 
Thebe  are  many  ways  of  growing  the  Rose,  and  not  the  least 
important,  whether  for  cut  flowers  or  decorating  the  conservatory,  is  to 
grow  them  in  pots.  Given  a  healthy  plant  from  one  to  three  years  old, 
there  should  be  no  difficulty  in  getting  a  pleasing  result  provided  one 
takes  a  little  trouble  from  the  first.  Roses  are  easily  managed  when  a 
house  can  be  given  up  to  them  entirely  ;  but  among  mixed  plants  they 
need  more  care  and  judgment.  In  pruning,  always  keep  the  main 
object — to  secure  good  blooms  in  fair  quantity — in  view,  and  at  the  same 
time  allow  a  free  circulation  of  air  through  the  centre  of  the  plant. 
Steady  treatment,  especially  at  first,  is  necessary  ;  in  fact,  one  needs  to 
follow  nature  closely,  and  allow  the  plants  to  come  on  gradually. 
A  span-roofed  house  facing  east  and  west  is  better  than  a  lean-to  or  a 
structure  facing  due  south.  The  latter  receives  the  full  force  of  sunshine 
during  midday,  and  very  little  in  the  early  morning  and  evening.  But 
when  built  from  north  to  south  the  plants  have  the  benefit  of 
morning  and  afternoon  sunshine,  and  are  partially  shaded  at  midday. 
Once  fairly  started  Roses  must  be  kept  growing  without  any  appreciable 
check,  or  they  become  weak  and  liable  to  insect  pests.  Liquid  manure 
twice  a  week  will  help  them,  but  it  must  not  be  strong.  A  little  of  it 
sprinkled  on  the  walls  and  path  of  a  house  is  extremely  beneficial ; 
indeed,  atmospheric  feeding  is  a  great  point. 
Insects  are  always  troublesome  among  Roses  unless  one  takes  early 
measures  and  is  persistent  in  the  use  of  a  weak  solution  of  any  proved 
insecticide.  Kill  the  first  few  enemies,  keep  the  syringe  at  work,  and 
you  need  have  little  trouble  from  insects  ;  but  once  allow  them  to  get  a 
hold  on  the  plants,  and  it  will  need  such  strong  measures  that  what 
should  be  healthy  growth  is  not  only  crippled  by  insects,  but  injured 
by  the  insecticide  as  well.  After  insects,  the  most  troublesome  foe  is 
mildew;  but  if  we  take  care  in  watering  and  do  not  go  to  extremes  in 
temperature  and  ventilation,  the  early  use  of  a  weak  fungicide  will 
keep  mildew  at  bay . 
The  ripening  of  wood  is  another  point  not  sufficiently  studied.  By 
the  time  our  main  crop  of  bloom  is  secured,  it  is  quite  safe  to  place  the 
plants  in  a  sheltered  corner  outside,  and  we  cannot  give  them  the  same 
efficient  ripening  under  glass.  The  Teas  and  Noisettes  are  mostly 
selected  for  pot  culture,  their  delicate  shades  and  greater  freedom  of 
flowering  placing  them  far  beyond  other  classes  for  this  purpose. 
Twelve  varieties  that  have  succeeded  best  with  me  aie  Anna  011ivierf 
Catherine  Mermet,  Dr.  Grill,  Francisca  Kruger,  Edith  Gifford,  Jean 
Ducher,  Luciole,  Madame  de  Watteville,  Madame  Falcot,  Madame 
Ho3te,  The  Bride,  and  Niphetos.  La  France,  Caroline  Testout,  and 
Viscountess  Folkestone  are  grand  among  the  Hybrid  Teas,  and  I  would 
never  go  beyond  Gdn^ral  Jacqueminot  in  the  Hybrid  Peipetuals.  All 
of  the  Fairy  Roses  are  pleasing,  and  as  small  pot  plants  are  perhaps  the 
most  showy. — Rosarian. 
USEFUL  PEAS. 
MUCH  has  been  published  in  the  Journal  from  time  to  time  as  to  the 
best  Peas  for  early  and  successional  sowings,  and  doubtless  there  are 
varieties  more  suited  to  some  localities  than  others.  However,  my 
intention  in  penning  these  notes  :s  to  give  my  experience  of  those  kinds 
which  succeed  well  in  a  locality  usually  supplied  with  a  very  liberal 
rainfall,  and  situated  between  two  lofty  mountains. 
The  earliest  Bowings  are  made  on  a  south  border  early  in  February, 
and  consist  of  William  I.  and  Chelsea  Gem,  both  of  which  give  us 
excellent  crops  ready  to  gather  in  May.  These  are  followed  by  varieties 
of  more  recent  introduction,  and  for  which  there  is  sure  to  be  a  great 
demand  when  their  good  qualities  are  more  widely  known.  I  allude  to 
Sutton’s  May  Queen  and  Empress  of  India.  On  June  6th  last  year  we 
gathered  our  first  dish  of  the  former  from  seed  sown  on  the  13th  of 
March  previous.  Empress  of  India  was  ready  for  table  four  days  later. 
Both  these  are  very  desirable  kinds,  and  I  shall  continue  to  grow  them 
until  something  better  in  the  way  of  Early  Marrowfat  Peas  comes  to 
light.  To  follow  the  above  we  sow  Carter’s  Telephone  and  Telegraph  in 
quantity,  as  they  pod  abundantly  and  fill  quickly. 
For  successional  crops  sowings  are  made  every  ten  days,  until  the 
first  week  in  June.  For  these  main  crop  sowings  and  exhibition  purposes 
the  plan  so  often  carried  out  of  sowing  in  trenches  well  filled  with 
FIG.  41. — HEDYCHIUM  GARDNERIANUM. 
( Half  natural  size.) 
nanure,  we  do  not  adopt.  The  practice  of  doing  so  on  hot  sandy  soils 
bas  much  to  recommend  it ;  but  my  experience  in  low-lying  districts 
with  the  atmosphere  laden  with  abundance  of  moisture,  has  been 
anything  but  encouraging.  Very  much  better  results  follow  the  digging 
in  of  a  good  dressing  of  manure  in  the  ordinary  way,  and,  finally,  when 
the  drills  are  got  out  ready  for  sowing,  a  good  sprinkling  of  wood  ashes 
is  scattered  along  them.  Treated  in  this  way  we  find  the  growth  is 
more  consolidated  and  finer  peas  are  produced  ;  they  also  crop  nearer 
the  base.  When  the  trenching  was  adopted  there  was  scarcely  a  limit 
to  the  growth,  which  was  gross  and  sappy,  and  an  easy  prey  to  the 
mildew  scourge,  which  soon  makes  short  work  of  Peas,  especially  when 
atmospheric  conditions  favour  its  development. 
For  maincrop  sowings  we  find  the  following  varieties  give  good 
results  : — Duke  of  Albany,  the  Duchess,  Sharpe’s  Queen,  Magnum  Bonum 
Matchless  Marrowfat,  and  for  late  August  and  September,  selected  Ne  Plus 
Ultra  and  Autocrat. — C.  Foster,  Aberpergiom  Gardens,  Glyn  Neath . 
