March  19,  1896. 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER. 
269 
(Fen). — The  Apples  are,  in  all  probability,  local  seedlings  that  hive 
never  had  recognised  names.  (TK.  P.  S.).~  1,  Court  Pendfi  Plat; 
2,  Bramley’a  Seedling ;  3,  Dumelow’s  Seedling  (Wellington)  ;  4, 
unknown  ;  5,  Alfriston  ;  6,  Northern  Greening.  (H.  F,  B.  C.  C.).— 
1,  Norfolk  Stone  Pippin  ;  2,  Tyler’s  Kernel ;  3,  D’Arcy  Spice. 
STamss  of  Plants. —  We  only  undertake  to  name  species  of  plants 
not  varieties  that  have  originated  from  seeds  and  termed  florists’  flowers, 
Flowering  specimens  are  necessary  of  flowering  plants,  and  Fern  fronds 
should  bear  spores.  Specimens  should  arrive  in  a  fresh  state  in  firm 
boxes.  Slightly  damp  moss,  soft  green  grass,  or  leaves  form  the  best 
packing,  dry  wool  the  worst.  Not  more  than  six  specimens  can  be  named 
at  once,  and  the  numbers  should  be  visible  without  untying  the  ligatures, 
it  being  often  difficult  to  separate  them  when  the  paper  is  damp. 
(E.  U.,  Worksop). — Pittosporum  Tobira.  (B.  J.  JR,.). — 1,  Adiantum 
tenerum  ;  2,  Davallia  parvula  ;  3,  Lomaria  gibba.  (S.  J.  S.).— 1,  Oncidium 
splendidum  ;  2,  Odontoglossum  Rossi  majus  ;  3,  Masdevallia  Veitchiana  ; 
4,  Odontoglossum  triumphans.  (P.  T.). — 1,  Tillandsia  splendent ; 
2,  Ada.  aurantiaca.  (B.  II.  J.). — 1,  Acacia  dealbata  ;  2,  Selaginella 
apus  ;  3,  Asclepias  curassivica  ;  4,  Blechnum  brasiliense  ;  5,  Lomaria 
ternata.  (B  ). — Cypripedium  Boxalli. 
COVENT 
GARDEN  MARKET. — March  18th. 
Market  still  very  quiet. 
FRUIT. 
S. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
,  8.  d 
8. 
Q. 
Apples,  per  bushel  . .  . . 
2 
0 
to  4 
6 
Peaches,  Cape,  per  case  . .  0  0  to  0 
0 
„  Nova  Scotia,  barrel 
13 
0 
20 
0 
Pears  „  ,.  ..00 
0 
0 
Grapes,  per  lb . 
1 
3 
3 
6 
St.  Michael  Pines,  each  ..  2  0 
6 
0 
Lemons,  case  . . 
11 
0 
14 
0 
Strawberries,  per  lb.  ..80 
14 
0 
VEGETABLES. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
s.  d. 
S 
d 
Asparagus,  per  100  .„  .. 
6 
0 
to  6 
6 
Mustard  and  Cress,  punnet  0  2 
to  0 
0 
Beans,  per  lb . 
0 
6 
1 
3 
Onions,  bushel .  3  6 
4 
0 
Beet,  Red,  doeen . 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Parsley,  dozen  bunches  ..  2  0 
s 
0 
Carrots,  bunch . 
0 
3 
0 
4 
o 
o 
Cauliflowers,  dozen  ..  .. 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Potatoes,  per  cwt . 2  0 
4 
0 
Celery,  bundle  . 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Salsafy,  bundle .  1  0 
1 
6 
Ooleworts,  dozen  bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Seakale,  per  basket  ..  ..  1  3 
1 
6 
Cucumbers,  dozen  ..  .. 
4 
0 
8 
0 
Scorzonera,  bundle  ..  ..  1  6 
0 
0 
Endive,  dozen  . 
1 
3 
1 
6 
Shallots,  per  lb . 0  4 
o 
0 
Herbs,  bunch  . 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Spinach,  pad  .  0  0 
4 
6 
Leeks,  bunch  . 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Sprouts,  half  siv . 1  3 
0 
0 
Lettuce,  dozen . 
1 
3 
0 
0 
Tomatoes. per  lb . 0  6 
0 
9 
Mushrooms,  per  lb . 
0 
6 
0 
8 
Turnips,  bunch . 0  3 
0 
0 
PLANTS 
IN  POTS. 
S. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
d. 
8. 
d 
Arbor  Vitae  (golden)  dozen 
6 
0  to  12 
0 
Ferns  iu  variety,  dozen  ..  4  0tol8 
0 
Aspidistra,  dozen 
18 
0 
36 
0 
Ferns  (small)  per  hundred  4  0 
6 
0 
Aspidistra,  specimen  plant 
5 
0 
10 
6 
Ficus  elastica,  each  ..  ..  1  0 
7 
0 
Azalea,  per  dozen  . .  . . 
18 
0 
36 
0 
Foliage  plants,  var.  each  1  0 
5 
0 
Cineraria,  dozen  pots 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Genista,  per  dozen  ..  ..  8  0 
12 
0 
Cyclamen,  dozen  pots 
8 
0 
IS 
0 
Hyacinths,  dozen  pots  . .  8  0 
12 
0 
Daffodils,  dozen  pots . .  . . 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Lycopodiums,  dozen  . .  . .  3  0 
4 
0 
Dracaena,  various,  dozen  .. 
12 
0 
30 
0 
Marguerite  Daisy,  dozen  ..  6  0 
9 
0 
Dracaena  viridis,  dozen  . . 
9 
0 
18 
0 
Myrtles,  dozen  . 6  0 
9 
0 
Ericas,  various,  per  dozen  . 
9 
0 
24 
0 
Palms,  in  var..  each  ..  ..  1  0 
16 
0 
Euonvmus,  var.,  dozen  .. 
6 
0 
18 
0 
,,  (specimens)  ..  ..21  0 
83 
0 
Evergreens,  in  var.,  dozen 
6 
0 
24 
0 
Tulips,  dozen  pots  .  . .  6  0 
8 
0 
AVERAGE  WHOLESALE 
FRIGES.- 
OUT  FLOWERS. — Orchid  Blooms  in  vaiiety 
8. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
e.  d. 
8. 
d. 
Acacia  or  Mimosa  (French) 
Narcissi,  var.,  doz.  bunches  0  9 
to  2 
0 
per  bunch . 
0 
9  to  1 
6 
Orchids,  various,  doz.  blms.  1  6 
12 
0 
Anemone  (.French),  dozen 
Pelargoniums,  12  bunches  6  0 
9 
0 
bunches . 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Primula  (double),  cozen 
Arum  Lilies,  12  blooms  .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
sprays  . 0  6 
1 
0 
Asparagus  Fern,  per  bunoh 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Roses  (indoor),  dozen  ..  10 
2 
0 
Azalea,  dozen  sprays  . .  . . 
0 
6 
0 
9 
„  Tea,  white,  dozen  ..  2  0 
4 
0 
Bouvardias,  bunch  ..  .. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
,,  Yellow,  dozen  (Niels)  3  0 
6 
0 
Camellias,  dozen  blooms  . . 
0 
9 
1 
6 
,,  Red,  dozen  blooms  ..  3  0 
8 
0 
Carnations,  12  blooms 
1 
0 
3 
0 
„  Safrano  (English), 
Cyclamen,  dozen  blooms  . . 
0 
3 
0 
6 
dozen .  16 
3 
0 
Daffodils,  single,  doz.  blms. 
1 
6 
2 
6 
„  Safrano  (French),  per 
„  double,  doz.  blms. 
0 
4 
0 
9 
dozen  .  1  6 
2 
0 
Eucharis,  dozen . 
3 
0 
4 
0 
„  Pink  (French), per  doz.  3  0 
4 
0 
Gardenias,  dozen  ..  .. 
4 
0 
9 
0 
Smi  lax,  per  bunch  .,  ..  5  0 
9 
0 
Geranium,  scarlet,  doz. 
Snowdrops,  dozen  bunches  0  6 
0 
9 
bunches . 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Stephanotis,  dozen  sprays  6  0 
9 
0 
Hyacinth  (Roman)  dozen 
Tuberoses.  12  blooms. .  ..  0  6 
1 
0 
sprays . 
0 
4 
0 
9 
Tulips,  dozen  blooms  . .  0  6 
1 
6 
Hyacinths,  dozen  spikes  . . 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Violets  Parme  (French), 
Lilac  (French)  per  bunch 
3 
0 
5 
6 
per  bunch  . .  . .  4  0 
6 
0 
Lilium  longiflorum,  twelve 
„  Czar  (French),  per 
blooms  . 
3 
0 
4 
0 
bunch  ..  ..  2  0 
3 
0 
Lily  of  the  Valley,  12  sprays 
0 
6 
1 
0 
„  Victoria  (French), 
Maidenhair  Fern,  doz.  bchs. 
4 
0 
8 
0 
12  bunches  ..  19 
2 
0 
Marguerites,  12  bunches  . . 
2 
6 
4 
0 
„  English,  12  bunches  1  0 
2 
0 
THE  VILLAGE  MILK  SUPPLY. 
If  only  we  would  take  Nature  a3  our  guide,  and  be  content 
to  be  led  and  directed  by  her,  bow  mucb  trouble  we  might  save 
ourselves  and  others  who  are  dependent  on  us  !  Nature  says 
“  all  young  mammals  must  have  milk,”  and  Nature  sees  that  an 
1  adequate  supply  is  provided  ;  but  there  she  stops,  she  cannot 
force  practice  where  precept  fails,  and  if  the  wail  of  the  hungry, 
ill-nourished  infant  does  not  touch  its  mother’s  heart  she  can 
do  no  more.  The  reason  that  Nature  is  so  persistent  in  her 
demand  that  milk  should  be  the  sole  food  of  the  immature  is 
that  in  milk  is  found  every  ingredient  for  the  building  up  and 
support  of  the  human  frame  ;  it  alone  is  a  perfect  food,  beyond 
the  reach  of  chemist  to  compound  or  scientist  to  improve. 
Most  valuable,  nay  even  indispensable  in  youth,  necessary  in 
old  age  or  delicacy,  desirable  at  all  times,  it  becomes  a  question 
of  great  moment  how  best  to  bring  the  produce  in  touch  with 
the  consumer.  Strange  as  it  may  appear,  this  question  does 
not  so  closely  affect  the  inhabitants  of  the  teeming  cities  as  it 
does  the  rural  population. 
This  is  an  extraordinary  statement,  but  nevertheless  true. 
It  is  so  much  easier  to  work  things  on  a  large  scale ;  what  is 
everybody’s  business  is  no  one’s.  The  demand  in  the  towns 
is  constant,  steady,  and  ever  increasing  It  is  worthy  of 
and  gets  the  attention  of  the  big  contractors,  men  who  can 
pretty  well  dictate  the  r  own  terms  to  the  railway  companies 
(that  bugbear  of  the  man  in  the  “  small  way  ”).  Hence  milk  is 
produced  by  the  hogshead,  is  taken  to  the  door  of  nearly  every 
dwelling,  and  is  guaranteed  pure  and  wholesome  by  constant 
analysis.  I  do  not  say  that  as  many  avail  themselves  of  this 
rich  food  as  might,  but  with  the  fuller  production  the  taste  is 
growing  and  people  are  learning  that  it  is  wisdom  to  spend  their 
money  rather  on  wholesome  nourishment  than  on  doctor’s  drugs. 
Now  for  the  ountry  A  great  difficulty  here  presents  itself,  a 
difficulty  that  really  need  not  exist.  Get  the  farmer  to  believe 
that  milk-selling  pays  better  than  butter  and  you  have  solved 
the  difficulty.  A  very  large  quantity  of  country  butter  is  sold  at 
a  loss,  because  in  small  quantities  and  of  different  brands  it 
cannot  be  dealt  with. 
One  would  naturally  suppose  that  the  farmers  in  the  village, 
or  at  any  rate  in  the  parish,  might  be  able  to  spare  an  adequate 
supply  of  milk  for  their  labourers,  tradespeople,  or  neighbours 
In  small  quantities  the  milk  trade  is  a  tiresome  one,  the  demand 
is  also  so  irregular.  Unless  it  is  a  good  grass  district  possibly 
little  is  done  in  the  way  of  breeding  and  rearing  stock,  most 
beasts  being  purchased  at  the  large  markets  as  yearlings.  A 
farmer  keeping  a  good  head  of  breeding  cows  must  of  necessity 
first  consider  the  needs  of  his  calves.  Now  by  careful  breeding 
and  judicious  feeding  a  cow  ought  to  be  able  to  rear  three 
calves.  The  farm  servants,  too,  consume  a  considerable  quant  ty, 
and  butter  and  cream  are  wanted  for  the  home  supply. 
Butter  under  Is.  a  lb.  is  made  at  a  loss.  The  practice  which 
has  come  under  the  writer’s  notice  about  milk  is  as  follows  : — 
Skimmei  milk  (not  separated)  a  meal  old  is  sold  to  all  comers  at 
04d  per  quart,  preference  being  given  to  own  woi’kpeople  and 
butter  customers  first  This  milk,  by  the  way,  is  excellent  in 
quality,  and  unless  there  is  a  very  young  child  no  other  is 
used  in  the  master’s  house.  Of  course  there  may  be,  and 
probably  are,  three  or  four  days  in  the  summer  of  exception¬ 
ally  showery,  thundery  weather  when  this  milk  does  not  keep) 
but  as  it  occurs  at  a  time  when  new  is  cheap  and  plentiful  — 
i.e.,  Id  per  pint,  the  latter  might  be  easily  substituted.  The 
price  of  new  milk  is  regulated  by  that  of  the  butter,  and  when 
butter  reaches  Is  Id  per  lb.  milk  is  l-|d  per  pint.  Accounts 
are  weekly  or  fortnightly  as  best  suits  the  customer,  and  in 
no  case,  even  of  the  greatest  scarcity,  is  new  milk  refused  to 
infant  or  invalid. 
The  question  has  often  been  raised,  Should  farm  labourers 
be  allowed  to  keep  a  cow?  The  answer  is,  Yes,  wherever  it  is 
possible.  But  that  is  just  the  difficulty.  Where  a  great  land- 
owner  lives  in  or  near  a  village,  and  takes  a  lively  interest  in  his 
poorer  neighbours,  the  cow  is  an  accomplished  fact;  but  without 
the  help  of  the  magnate  it  would  Rot  be  easy  to  bring  that  state 
of  things  about. 
