April  30,  I89tii 
40i) 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER, 
become  wetted  with  it  in  the  soil  or  out  of  it.  Prompt  action  is  necessary 
as  the  beetles,  when  numerous,  destroy  the  growths  in  a  short  time,  the 
trees  in  any  case  being  much  crippled.  The  beetles  have  been  reared  on 
the  land  or  near  it,  and  not  introduced  with  the  trees,  or  is  it  likely  they 
would  be  brought  in  the  mulching,  but  it  is  proper  to  clear  that  away 
and  similar  harbouring  material. 
Vine  Xieaves  Warted  (G.  T.). — The  Vine  leaves  are  severely 
crippled  by  the  closely  set,  indeed  run  together,  excrescences  on  the 
under  side,  and  their  corresponding  indentations  on  the  upper  surface. 
There  is  neither  fungoid  or  insect  presence,  the  appearance  being  com¬ 
patible  with  an  inordinate  development  of  tissue  on  the  swelled  surface, 
and  is  due  to  cold,  the  house  having  been  kept  rather  close  for  a  time 
and  then  suddenly  thrown  open  so  as  to  admit  cold  air  or  such  amount  as 
to  quickly  dry  and  cool  the  atmosphere,  thus  producing  a  temporary 
chill.  Afterwards  there  is  a  rush  of  sap  to  the  part  so  injured  and  the 
growth  of  the  tissues  is  the  consequence,  these  taking  the  form  of  small 
knobs  or  warts,  which  are  not  materially  injurious  to  the  Vines,  but 
diminish  their  development  and  power  for  elaborating  food.  The  warting 
is  rather  common  this  season  and  is  probably  due  to  the  changeableness 
of  the  weather  and  the  prolonged  cold  north-easterly  winds.  As  the 
Vines  are  making  some  fresh  fibres  and  have  been  dressed  with  the 
Vine  manure  they  ought  to  make  good  progress  this  season,  and  we 
hope  they  will  do  so. 
Tomato  Plant  Diseased  (Ef. — The  plant  is  attacked  by  the 
"drooping,”  "sleepy,” or  “  black  stripe”  disease,  and  that  is  caused  by 
a  fungus  called  Fusarium  solani  or  lycopersici.  It  is  common  on  both 
the  Potato  and  Tomato,  and  its  native  hosts  are  the  indigenous 
Solanaceae.  The  fungus  has  been  figured  and  described  in  the  Journal 
of  Horticulture.  The  malady  is  very  pronounced  in  your  case  as  that 
of  “  black  stripe,”  a  long  brownish  black  mark  on  the  stem,  which  has 
proceeded  from  the  pith,  this  being  brown  and  the  ascent  of  the  sap 
cut  off,  hence  the  “  drooping  ”  and  collapse  of  the  part  above.  The  root 
stem  also  contains  the  mycelial  hyphse  of  the  fungus,  but  it  does  not 
appear  to  have  traversed  the  stem,  the  outgrowths  or  conidial  condition 
of  the  parasite  being  apparent  at  the  surface,  and  the  spores  appear  to 
have  pushed  their  germinal  tubes  into  the  stem  where  they  have  alighted 
on  it.  This  is  a  phase  of  the  fungus  not  generally  accepted,  as  in  the 
conidial  stage  it  is  considered  a  mere  saprophyte,  but  many  so-called 
livers  on  dead  matter  are  the  most  destructive  of  living  tissues.  As 
regards  preventives,  there  is  nothing  better  than  freshly  burned  agricul¬ 
tural  lime,  this  being  stronger  and  better  than  chalk  lime.  About 
2  quarters  per  rod  (rather  less  than  1  lb.  per  square  yard)  is  sufficient,  but 
double  or  treble  the  quantity  may  be  applied  with  advantage  on  soils 
rich  in  vegetable  matter,  such  as  warp  and  vegetable  mould.  The  lime 
should  be  slaked,  using  only  sufficient  water  to  cause  it  to  fall  into  a 
fine  powder,  and  at  once  forked  into  the  soil,  incorporating  it  to  a  depth 
of  about  1  foot.  This  may  make  end  of  the  "  drooping,”  "  sleepy,”  or 
"  black  stripe”  fungus  in  the  soil,  and  by  using  Fostite  or  some  other 
powder  fungicide  containing  sulphate  of  copper  after  the  plants  are 
9  inches  high  onwards,  there  will  not  be  much,  if  any,  trouble  from 
the  fungus,  under  generally  good  cultural  management. 
Iff ames  of  Fruits. — Notice. — We  have  pleasure  in  naming  good 
typical  fruits  (when  the  names  are  discoverable)  for  the  convenience  of 
regular  subscribers,  who  are  the  growers  of  such  fruit,  and  not  col¬ 
lectors  of  specimens  from  non-subscribers.  This  latter  procedure  is 
wholly  irregular,  and  we  trust  that  none  of  our  readers  will  allow 
themselves  to  be  made  the  mediums  in  infringing  our  rules.  Special 
attention  is  directed  to  the  following  decision,  the  object  of  which  is 
to  discourage  the  growth  of  inferior  and  promote  the  culture  of  superior 
varieties.  In  consequence  of  the  large  number  of  worthless  Apples  and 
Pears  sent  to  this  office  to  be  named,  it  has  been  decided  to  name  only 
specimens  and  varieties  of  approved  merit,  and  to  reject  the  inferior , 
which  are  not  worth  sending  or  growing.  The  names  and  addresses  of 
senders  of  fruit  or  flowers  to  be  named  must  in  all  cases  be  enclosed  with 
the  specimens,  whether  letters  referring  to  the  fruit  are  sent  by  post  or 
not.  The  names  are  not  necessarily  required  for  publication,  initials 
sufficing  for  that.  Only  six  specimens  can  be  named  at  once,  and  any 
beyond  that  number  cannot  be  preserved.  They  should  be  sent  on  the 
first  indication  of  change  towards  ripening.  Dessert  Pears  cannot 
be  named  in  a  hard,  green  state.  (M.  A.) — Reinette  Franche.  (S.  E.). 
— 1,  Cockle’s  Pippin  ;  2,  Sturmer  Pippin.  (J.  J.). — 1,  Lord  Burghley  ; 
2,  Northern  Spy  ;  B,  Boston  Russet. 
Names  of  Plants. — We  only  undertake  to  name  species  of  plants, 
not  varieties  that  have  originated  from  seeds  and  termed  florists’  flowers, 
Flowering  specimens  are  necessary  of  flowering  plants,  and  Fern  fronds 
should  bear  spores.  Specimens  should  arrive  in  a  fresh  state  in  firm 
boxes.  Slightly  damp  moss,  soft  green  grass,  or  leaves  form  the  best 
packing,  dry  wool  the  worst.  Not  more  than  six  specimens  can  be  named 
at  once,  and  the  numbers  should  be  visible  without  untying  the  ligatures, 
it  being  often  difficult  to  separate  them  when  the  paper  is  damp. 
( T .  T.  S.). — 1,  Daphne  pontica  ;  2,  Lonicera  tartarica.  («/.  A.). — 
Pyrus  elmagnifolia.  (A.  V.). — We  can  give  you  no  further  information 
relating  to  your  specimen.  (Inquirer). — 1,  Berberis  Darwini  ;  2, 
Streptosolon  Jamesoni  ;  3,  Selaginella  Martensi  ;  4,  Osmvnda  reealis  ; 
5,  Begonia  odoratissima  ;  6/  Stenochlmoa  scandens.  (IF). — Primula 
verticillata.  The  other  matter  shall  have  attention  in  our  next  issue. 
(A.  L.). — A  good  form  of  Cattleya  Trianse.  (J.  L.)  — Primula  verticil¬ 
lata.  ( J .  P).  —  Piptanthus  nepalensis.  (J.  C).  —  Habrothamnus 
fascicalatus.  ( Telmah ). — Arachis  hypogasa,  or  Eartb  Nut,  a  stove 
annual  with  yellow  flowers.  We  will  refer  to  it  again  in  a  future 
issue, 
COVBNT  GARDEN  MARKET.— April  29th. 
Market  dull.  Grapes  more  than  sufficient  for  the  demand.  Cape  produce  to  hand 
in  very  bad  condition. 
FRUIT. 
1. 
d. 
B. 
d. 
8. 
d 
a. 
d. 
Apple*,  per  bushel  ..  .. 
2 
0 
to  4 
6 
Grapes,  per  lb . 
l 
6 
to  5 
0 
„  Nova  Scotia,  barrel 
13 
0 
20 
0 
Lemons,  oase  . 
n 
0 
14 
0 
„  Tasmanians,  par 
St.  Michael  Pines,  eaoh  . . 
j 
0 
6 
0 
case . 
10 
0 
12 
0 
Strawberries,  per  lb. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
VEGETABLES. 
8. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
Asparagus,  per  100  ..  .. 
2 
0 
to  5 
0 
Mustard  and  Cress,  punnet 
0 
2 
to  8 
0 
Beans,  per  lb . . 
0 
6 
1 
3 
Onions,  bushel . 
3 
6 
4 
0 
Beet,  Red,  dozen . 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Parsley,  dozen  bunches  .. 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Oarrots,  bunch . 
0 
3 
0 
4 
Parsnips,  dozen . 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Cauliflowers,  dozen  ..  .. 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Potatoes,  per  cwt . 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Celery,  bundle  . . 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Salsafy,  bundle . 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Ooleworts,  dozen  bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Seakale,  per  basket  ..  .. 
0 
9 
1 
3 
Cucumbers,  dozen  ..  .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Scorzonera,  bundle  ..  .. 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Endive,  dozen  . 
1 
3 
1 
6 
Shallots,  per  lb . 
0 
6 
0 
Herbs,  bunch  . 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Spinach,  pad  . 
0 
0 
4 
6 
Leeks,  bunch  ..  ..  .. 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Sprouts,  half  siv . 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Lettuce,  dozen . 
1 
3 
0 
0 
Tomatoes .  per  lb . 
0 
6 
1 
3 
Mushrooms,  per  lb . 
0 
6 
0 
8 
Turnips,  bunch  ..  .«  .. 
0 
3 
0 
0 
PLANTS 
IN  POTS. 
Arbor  Vitae  (golden!  dozen 
6 
0  to  12 
0 
Ferns  (small)  per  hundred 
4 
0 
to  6 
0 
Arum  Lilies,  per  dozen  . . 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Ficus  elastica,  each  ..  .. 
1 
0 
7 
0 
Aspidistra,  dozen 
18 
0 
36 
0 
Foliage  plants,  var.  each 
1 
0 
6 
0 
Aspidistra,  specimen  plant 
6 
0 
10 
6 
Genista,  per  dozen  .. 
6 
0 
10 
0 
Azalea,  per  dozen 
18 
0 
36 
0 
Hydrangea,  various,  doz.  .. 
9 
0 
24 
0 
Cineraria,  dozen  pots 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Lilium  Harrissi,  per  dozen 
15 
0 
24 
0 
Cyclamen,  dozen  pots 
8 
0 
15 
0 
Lycopodiums,  dozen  ..  .. 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Dielytra,  per  dozen.. 
9 
0 
12 
0 
Marguerite  Daisy, dozeu  .. 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Dracaena,  various,  dozen  .. 
12 
0 
30 
0 
Mignonette,  dozen  pots  .. 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Dracaena  viridis,  dozen  . . 
9 
0 
18 
0 
Myrtles,  dozen  . 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Ericas,  various,  per  dozen  . 
9 
0 
24 
0 
Palms,  in  var.,  each  .. 
1 
0 
is 
0 
Buouy mus ,  var.,  dozen  . . 
6 
0 
18 
0 
,,  (specimens)  ..  .. 
21 
0 
W 
0 
Evergreens,  in  var.,  dozen 
6 
0 
24 
0 
Spiral  is,  doz . 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Ferns  iu  variety,  dozen  .. 
4 
0 
18 
0 
AVERAGE  WHOLESALE 
PRICES.- 
•OUT  FLOWERS. — Orchid  Blooms  in  vaiiety. 
Anemone  (French),  doz  n 
Orchids, various,  doz.  blms. 
1 
6  to  12 
0 
bunches . 
2 
0  to  4 
0 
Pelargoniums.  12  buncheH 
6 
n 
9 
0 
Arum  Lilies,  12  blooms  .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Polyanthus,  dozen  bunches 
1 
6 
2 
6 
Asparagus  Fern,  per  bunoh 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Primroses,  dozen  bunches 
0 
6 
0 
9 
Azalea,  dozen  sprays  . . 
0 
4 
0 
6 
Primula  (double),  cozen 
Bouvardias,  bunch  .. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
sprays  ..  ..  .. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Camellias,  dozen  blooms  . . 
0 
9 
1 
6 
Roses  (indoor),  dozen 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Carnations.  12  blooms 
1 
0 
3 
0 
„  Tea,  white,  dozeD 
1 
6 
2 
6 
Cyclamen,  dozen  blooms  . . 
0 
3 
0 
6 
,,  Yellow,  dozen  (Niels) 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Daffodils,  single,  doz.  bun. 
1 
6 
6 
0 
„  Red,  dozen  blooms  .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
„  double,  doz.  bun. 
1 
6 
2 
0 
„  Safrano  (English), 
Eucharis,  dozen . 
2 
0 
4 
0 
dozen . 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Gardenias,  dozen  .. 
2 
0 
3 
0 
„  Pink,  per  dozen  . .  . . 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Geranium,  scarlet,  doz. 
Smilax,  per  bunch  ..  .. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
bunches . 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Spiraea,  dozen  bunches 
3 
0 
5 
0 
Hyacinth,  Dutch,  variom, 
Stephanotis,  dozen  sprays 
3 
0 
4 
0 
per  box 
2 
0 
5 
0 
Tuberoses.  12  blooms. .  .. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Lilac  (French)  per  bunch 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Tulips,  dozen  blooms 
0 
4 
0 
6 
Lilium  longiflorum,  twelve 
Violets  Parme  (French), 
blooms  . 
3 
0 
6 
0 
per  bunch.. 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Lily  of  the  Valley,  12  sprays 
0 
6 
1 
0 
„  Czar  (French),  per 
Maidenhair  Fern,  doz.  bchs. 
4 
0 
8 
0 
bunch  . .  . . 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Marguerites,  12  bunches  . . 
2 
6 
4 
0 
„  Victoria  (French), 
Myosotis  or  Forget-me-not, 
12  bunches 
1 
0 
1 
6 
dozen  bunches . 
2 
0 
4 
0 
..  English,  12  bunches 
0 
9 
1 
0 
Narcissi,  var..  doz.  bunches 
0 
9 
2 
0 
Wallflowers,  dozen  bunches 
2 
0 
3 
0 
THE  LAMBING  SE  A  SON  OF  1896. 
As  the  lambing  season  of  1896  is  now  at  an  end,  and  farmers 
are  beginning  to  count  gains  and  losses,  to  see  wh  re  in  the 
management  of  the  flock  they  have  made  a  success  and  where  a 
failure,  it  is  just  as  well  to  pass  ih  review  the  majority  o' 
reports  contained  in  the  various  agricultural  papers.  England 
is  so  essentially  a  sheep-breeding  country  that  this  industry  is 
of  paramount  importance,  especially  as  corn  growing  is  more  or 
less  of  a  fai’ure. 
It  is  so  often  the  case  that  in  the  several  districts  the  reports 
vary  ma^rially,  the  earlier  lambs  have  so  often  to  contend  with 
most  adverse  weather,  their  dams  with  short  commons—  i.e.,  that 
is  of  natural  food— and  consequently  they  suffer  too  The  later 
lambs  are  born  under  more  genial  s  ies ;  if  there  are  "lamb 
storms  ”  they  are  quickly  over,  and  sun  asserts  his  power  more 
or  less,  pastures  are  becoming  green  and  food  of  all  torts  is 
plentiful.  This  year,  however,  seem3  a  unique  one  in  the  history 
of  sheep  breeders. 
A  mild  winter)  a  mild  spring,  plenty  of  food  everywhere,  and 
that  excellent.  The  anxieties  of  the  lambing  season  have  been 
