Jane  23,  1893, 
JOURNAL  OR  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER. 
591 
Destroying  IWJealy  Bug  On  Vines  (/.|  M.  R). — Vapourisation 
with  nicotine  has  been  found  useful,  but  may  injure  the  foliage  of 
Muscat  of  Alexandria  and  Lady  Downe’s.  It  is  safer  to  vapourise 
lightly  and  repeatedly  than  to  rely  on  a  strong  operation.  We  have  not 
noticed  any  harm  accrue  by  the  judicious  use  of  the  insecticide  to  the 
Black  Alicante.  Of  course,  it  can  be  overdone,  but  there  is  no  need  for 
that  in  order  to  annihilate  nearly  all  kinds  of  insects. 
Malmalson  Carnations  Diseased  ( R .  A.  C) — There  are 
several  fungal  forms  on  the  withered  leaves,  but  no  doubt  the  fungus  now 
causing  them  to  wither  is  Ovularia  lychnicola,  Mass.  The  host  of  this 
fungus  is  Lychnis  diurna,  but  it  attacks  other  plants  of  the  order  Caryo- 
phylleas.  It  yields  to  spraying  with  a  solution  of  permanganate  of  potash, 
or  Condy’s  red  fluid,  diluted  with  an  equal  quantity  of  soft  water.  This 
solution  is  also  fatal  to  other  Carnation  fungi,  therefore  you  may  use  it 
with  a  certainty  that  it  will  destroy  the  enemies  of  the  plants  of  a 
fungoid  nature.  It  should  be  applied  in  the  form  of  a  spray,  well 
moistening  every  part  of  the  plants,  repeating  at  intervals  of  ten  days  or 
a  fortnight.  It  is  also  a  good  plan  to  supply  a  little  common  salt  to  the 
plants,  about  a  quarter  of  a  teaspoonful  to  each  plant  in  a  6-inch  pot, 
sprinkling  on  the  surface  and  watering  in. 
Summer  Pruning  Bankslan  Bose  ( Somerset ). — It  is  advisable  to 
cut  away  as  many  of  the  growths  that  have  borne  flowers  as  can  be 
spared,  sufficient  young  shoots  being  left  for  covering  the  space,  subject 
to  their  having  ample  room  to  derive  full  benefit  from  light  and  air  for 
the  solidification  of  the  wood,  as  upon  this  depends  the  flowering  next 
season.  It  will  not  answer  to  spur  back  the  young  shoots  to  the  main 
branches  at  this  time  of  the  year,  for  the  new  shoots  will  not  have  time 
to  grow  and  ripen,  therefore  retain  as  many  of  the  young  shoots  already 
growing  as  there  is  room  for  without  overcrowding.  There  is  no  harm 
in  the  shoots  projecting  from  the  wall,  and  any  irregularities  may  be 
shortened.  With  the  exercise  of  judgment  you  may  retain  sufficient 
wood  for  flowering  without  having  recourse  to  cutting  down.  It  is  a 
matter  of  a  successional  supply  of  young  well-matured  growths  this 
year  for  flowering  next  season. 
Peaches  Dropping  ( Pencil  House'). — The  Peaches  have  not,  as 
you  suppose,  stoned,  the  kernel  in  five  of  the  six  fruits  being  a  dis¬ 
coloured  jelly-like  mass,  only  one  having  the  would-be  cotyledons  and 
embryo  normal,  and  even  this  has  ceased  to  derive  support  from  the 
tree,  the  connection  being  quite  brown  and  dead.  The  stone  has  been 
formed,  but  the  defect  is  at  the  kernel,  and  is  probably  due  to  over¬ 
cropping,  as  it  certainly  is  to  a  deficiency  of  phosphatic  matter,  with 
possibly  insufficient  potash.  In  similar  cases  we  have  found  lifting  the 
trees  answer  well  when  there  was  a  tendency  to  over-luxuriance,  and 
when  there  was  no  such  tendency  affording  a  supply  of  phosphate  of 
lime.  An  insufficient  supply  of  phosphoric  acid  is  a  common  cause 
of  fruit  not  stoning  satisfactorily.  We  have  found  the  following 
mixture  useful : — Dissolved  bones  four  parts,  muriate  of  potash  two 
parts,  sulphate  of  magnesia  one  part,  and  sulphate  of  lime  one  part, 
mixed,  using  4  ozs.  per  square  yard  when  the  fruit  is  set  and  again  when 
stoning  commences. 
Peach  Leaves  Falling  ((7.  A.  R.). — The  leaves  fjill  because  they 
are  deprived  of  sap, *  the  mycelium  of  a  fungus  (Monilia  fructigena), 
growing  in  the  tissues  of  the  shoots,  girdling  them  and  preventing  the 
ascent  of  the  juices,  this  giving  rise  to  gumming.  As  the  fungus  is 
perennial  by  its  my celia  and  in  dead  parts  give  rise  to  sclerotia,  the 
resting  stage  of  the  parasite,  named  Sclerotinia  fructigena,  the  only  sure 
remedy  is  to  cut  away  and  burn  the  affected  parts.  The  growth  is  very 
sappy  and  exuberant,  hence  root-pruning  and  lifting  would  be  means  of 
rendering  the  work  of  the  fungus  less  easy  ;  indeed,  sturdy  growth, 
short-jointed  and  firm  wood,  well  fortified  with  mineral  matter,  and 
especially  lime,  is  the  best  safeguard  againtt  the  inroads  of  the  enemy. 
It  is  a  very  common  fungus,  and  the  chief  cause  of  stone  fruit  shoots 
collapsing  suddenly.  The  lifting  should  be  done  as  soon  as  the  leaves 
give  indications  of  falling,  and  if  carefully  effected  will  not  prejudice 
but  improve  the  next  year’s  crop  of  fruit.  In  the  meantime  cut  away  the 
affected  growths  as  far  at  can  be  spared,  and  burn  them,  as  from  them 
may  come  spores  that  produce  brown  rot  in  stone  fruits,  and  often  spoil 
choice  Pears  and  Apples  in  the  autumn.  It  is  one  of  the  most  malignant 
parasites  of  fruits,  and  but  little  regarded,  as  it  assumes  different  forms 
of  attack  corresponding  to  the  stages  of  the  fungus. 
COVENT  GARDEN  MARKET.— June  24th. 
HeWV  supplies  of  Strawberries  continue  to  arrive  from  the  home  counties, 
considerably  lowering  values  of  Grapes.  Prices  lower  all  round. 
FRUIT. 
f. 
d 
a. 
d. 
0. 
d. 
d. 
d. 
Apples,  Tasmanians,  per 
Peaches . 
4 
0  to  12 
0 
case . 
10 
0  to  12 
0 
8t.  Michael  Pines,  each 
2 
0 
8 
0 
Grapes,  per  lb . 
0 
9 
2 
0 
Strawberries,  per  lb.  , . 
0 
3 
0 
9 
Lemons,  ease  . 
11 
0 
14 
0 
VEGETABLES. 
a. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
Asparagus,  per  100  ..  .. 
2 
0 
to  3 
6 
Mustard  and  Cress,  punnet 
0 
2 
Do  0 
0 
Beans,  per  lb . . 
0 
9 
1 
2 
Onions,  bushel . 
3 
6 
4 
0 
Beet,  Red,  dozen . 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Parsley,  dozen  bunches  . . 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Garrets,  bunch . 
0 
3 
0 
4 
Parsnips,  dozen . 
1 
0 
V 
0 
Cauliflowers,  dozen  ..  .. 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Potatoes,  per  cwt . 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Celery,  bundle  . . 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Salsafy,  bundle . 
1 
0 
l 
6 
Ooleworts,  dozen  bunche* 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Seakale,  per  basket  ..  .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Oucumbers,  dozen  ..  .. 
1 
6 
3 
0 
Scorzonera,  bundle  . .  . . 
1 
6 
0 
0 
1 
3 
1 
6 
Shallots,  per  lb  ..  ..  .. 
0 
3 
0 
0 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Spinach',  pad  . 
0 
0 
4 
6 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Sprouts,  half  siv . 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Lettuce,  dozen . . 
1 
3 
0 
0 
Tomatoes,  per  lb . 
0 
4 
0 
6 
Mushrooms,  per  lb . 
0 
6 
0 
8 
Turnips,  bunch  ..  ., 
0 
3 
0 
0 
PLANTS 
IN  POTS. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
3. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
Arbor  Vita  (various)  doz. 
6 
Oto  36 
0 
Ivy  Geranium,  per  dozen  . 
3 
0  to  1 
0 
Aspidistra,  dozen  ..  .. 
18 
0 
36 
0 
Lilium  Harrissi,  per  dozen 
12 
0 
18 
0 
Aspidistra,  specimen  plant 
6 
0 
10 
6 
„  lancifolium,  doz. 
12 
0 
15 
0 
Calceolarias,  per  dozen 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Lobelia,  per  dozen  . .  . . 
4 
0 
e 
0 
Orassula,  dozen . 
9 
0 
16 
0 
Lycopodiums,  dozen  . .  . . 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Dracaena,  various,  dozen  .. 
12 
0 
30 
0 
Marguerite  Daisy, dozen  .. 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Dracaena  viridis,  dozen  . . 
9 
0 
18 
0 
Mignonette,  dozen  pots  .. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Ericas,  various,  per  dozen  . 
9 
0 
24 
0 
Myrtles,  dozen . . 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Euonymus,  var.,  dozen  .. 
6 
0 
18 
0 
Nasturtium  per  dozen 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Evergreens,  in  var.,  dozen 
8 
0 
24 
0 
Palms,  in  var.,  each  ..  .. 
1 
0 
16 
0 
Ferns  iu  variety,  dozen  .. 
4 
0 
18 
0 
„  (specimens^  ..  .. 
21 
0 
63 
0 
Fern?  (small)  per  hundred 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Pelargoniums,  per  dozen  . . 
8 
0 
12 
0 
Ficus  elastica,  each  ..  .. 
I 
0 
7 
0 
,.  scarlets,  per  dozen 
3 
0 
9 
0 
Foliage  plants,  var.  eaoh 
1 
0 
6 
0 
Spirse  is,  doz . 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Hydrangea,  various,  doz.  . . 
9 
0 
24 
0 
AVERAGE  WHOLESALE 
PRICES.- 
■OUT  FLOWERS. — Orchid  Blooms  in 
vatiety . 
3. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
s 
d. 
Arum  Lilies,  12  blooms  .. 
2 
0  to  4 
0 
Orchids,  various,  per  dozen 
Asparagus  Fern,  per  bunoh 
3 
0 
4 
0 
blooms  . 
i 
6  to  12 
0 
Bouvardias,  bunch  ..  .. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Paeonies,  various,  per  dozen 
Carnations,  12  blooms 
0 
6 
2 
0 
blooms  . 
0 
6 
1 
6 
„  dozen  bunches 
4 
0 
8 
Pelargoniums,  12  bunches 
4 
n 
6 
U 
Cornflower,  dozen  bunches 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Polyanthus,  dozen  bunches 
1 
6 
2 
6 
Eucharis,  dozen . 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Poppies,  various,  per  dozen 
Gardenias,  dozen  .. 
2 
0 
3 
0 
bunches  . 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Geranium,  scarlet,  doz. 
Primula  (double),  dozen 
bunches . 
3 
0 
5 
0 
sprays  . 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Iris  (English)  doz.  bunches 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Pyrethrum,  dozen  bunches 
1 
6 
3 
0 
Lilac  (French)  per  bunch 
4 
6 
6 
0 
Roses  (indoor),  dozen 
0 
6 
1 
6 
Lilium  candidum,  per 
„  Tea,  white,  dozen 
1 
0 
2 
0 
bunch  . 
1 
0 
2 
0 
„  Yellow,  dozen  (Niels) 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Lilium  candidum,  dozen 
,,  Red,  dozen  blooms  .. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
blooms  . 
0 
4 
0 
6 
„  Safrano  (English), 
Lilium  longiflorum,  twelve 
dozen . 
1 
0 
2 
0 
blooms  . 
* 
0 
4 
0 
„  Pink,  per  dozen  . .  . . 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Maidenhair  Fern,  doz.  bchs. 
4 
0 
8 
0 
„  dozen  bunches  . .  . . 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Marguerites,  12  bunches  . . 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Smilax,  per  bunch  ..  .. 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Mignonette,  per  dozen 
Spiraea,  dozen  bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
bunches . 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Stephanotis,  dozen  sprays 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Myosotis  or  Forget-me-not, 
Tuberoses.  12  blooms. .  . . 
0 
4 
0 
6 
dozen  bunches . 
1 
6 
2 
6 
THE  BRITISH  DAIRY  FARMERS  ON  TOUR. 
June  9th,  1896. 
What  a  delightful  combination  of  pleasure  and  profit  the 
B  D.  F.’s  made  of  it  last  week!  Fancy,  how  charming  must 
have  been  the  run  from  the  South  Downs  to  Chester ;  the 
pleasant  weather,  the  favourable  appearance  of  the  green  crops 
—  capital  Wheat — Wheat  loves  heat  and  dryness.  Oats  and 
Barley  had  borne  the  long  drought  better  than  might  have  been 
expected.  Short,  possibly,  in  straw  they  are,  but  the  plant 
being  full  there  must  be  a  fair  yield  when  harvest  comes.  Hay 
crops  also,  with  a  few  brilliant  exceptions,  were  wanting;  but 
between  Chester  and  Welshpool  all  crops  alike  were  good,  better 
land  perhaps  was  the  factor  there.  Powis  Castle  Farm  looked 
well  all  round.  Where  there  had  been  sufficient  moisture  Beans 
promise  well. 
Switzerland  alone  drew  a  large  gathering,  and  it  is  quite  an 
open  question  whether  all  the  Swiss  pilgrims  were  on  dairy  work 
intent.  Local  element  has  been  much  in  evidence  in  N  Wales, 
and  it  is  to  be  hoped  that  all  went  away  taking  some  practical 
hint  either  for  dairy  or  hen  yard 
It  must  be  of  benefit  to  rub  one  against  another,  to  hear 
papers  by  men  who  are  thoroughly  at  home  in  their  subjects,  to 
see  well-cultivated  farms  and  well-managed  herds,  and  the 
greatest  thinker,  the  profoundest  scholar  often  having  the 
teachable  mind  of  a  child,  profits  above  and  beyond  his  shallo  ver 
companion  It  is  said  there  was  not  time  enough  for  talk. 
Dare  we  hint,  was  all  the  talking  time  profitably  used  ?  It  is 
not  only  women  who  get  off  the  main  track.  Men  are  equally 
prone  to  wander. 
The  first  paper  was  by  Lord  Powis  agent,  Mr.  Addie,  and  it 
dealt  with  Montgomery  dairy  farming  —  a  stock-bearing,  not 
essentially  dairy  county.  Herefords  and  Shorthorns  crossed 
are  the  principal  breed,  a  few  of  the  smokey-faced  old  native 
