July  §,  1859. 
JOtfM^AL  OP  ttORTlCULTUM  iJvi>  OoftAGS  GARIj^nMR. 
4? 
for  the  deiti«ctiou,  which  is  frequently  d«e  to  what  is  known  as 
soorching— the  rapid  eraporation  of  moistwre  from  the  leayes,  such  as 
freqaently  occurs  during  very  hot  weather,  and  is  common  to  Tomatoes 
both  indoors  and  outdoors.  There  are  some  fungus  spores  on  the  surface 
of  the  leadets,  but  they  have  been  killed  by  the  dressing,  which  is  still 
active tbat^  is,  the  sulphate  of  copper  has  become  carbonate  in 
association  with  the  lime,  and  minute  solutions  of  this  will  take  place  so 
as  to  afford  an  efficient  protection.  Under  the  circumstances  the  disease, 
if  any,  can  make  little  progress  unless  from  the  soil,  which  may  or  may 
not  be  the  case. 
Clearing  a  Vinery  of  Pllea  where  the  Crapes  are  Colouring 
(^Inquifgr). — Moderate  vaporisation  with  nicotine  will  drive  oat  or  kill 
the  flies.  It  will  not  injure  the  Grapes  orthe  Vines,  provided  they  are  not 
of  the  Muscat  of  Alexandria  and  Lady  Downe’s  varieties,  nor  where 
Grapes  are  in  use  for  table,  but  the  nicotine  will  pass  off  before  the 
Grapes  are  ripe  if  used  when  they  are  colouring.  The  nicotine  vapour 
makes  an  end  of  bluebottle  flies,  also  wasps,  and  the  fumes  act  for  a 
considerable  time  as  a  deterrent.  You  do  not  say  what  the  flies  are,  but 
the  following  is  excellent  for  most  species.  Proenre  some  Pyrethrum 
cinerari^folium  powder,  commonly  known  as  Palmatian  insect  power, 
make  it  into  small  balls  by  damping  and  moulding  with  the  hands,  and 
place  on  red  hot  cinders  in  a  small  fire  shovel,  when  the  fumes  will  rise 
and  diffuse,  dealing  satisfactorily  with  flies,  and  even  mosquitoes.  A 
ball  about  the  size  of  a  pigeon’s  egg,  or  a  teaspoonful,  suffices  for  about 
1000  cubic  feet.  Some  make  the  pyrethrum  pastils  self-acting  by  form¬ 
ing  the  powder  into  a  paste  with  a  saturated  solution  (seven  parts  water 
at  60°  to  two  parts)  of  saltpetre,  then  drying  so  at  to  slowly  smudge 
like  a  fusee  when  ignited.  The  pyrethrum  fumes  are  not  injurious  to 
mankind.  Another  plan  is  to  procure  some  mjocum  gum  fly  papers  of 
chemists,  and  suspend  them  in  the  vinery,  then  every  fly  alighting 
thureon  will  be  transfixed.  Do  not  use  the  fly  papers  that  kill  the  flies 
partaking  of  the  dressing. 
The  Small,  Thread-like  Roota  of  Viues  (^Weekly  Subscriber), 
—You  have  been  both  rightly  and  wrongly  informed  that  the  rcots  of 
Vines  of  the  character  you  name  perish  every  season.  Bigbtly,  because 
all  those  that  do  not  become  of  a  woody  nature  die,  and  yield  a  supply 
of  nitrogenous  matter  to  the  soil ;  wrongly,  because  those  of  a  woody 
nature  do  not  perish,  but  remain  indefioitely,  and  from  them  the 
rootlets,  furnished  with  root-hairs  for  absorbing  nutrition  in  solution 
from  the  soil  waters  or  moisture,  are  put  forth  abundantly  when  the 
Vines  start  into  growth,  and  have  made  a  certain  amount  of  foliage. 
Fruit  growers  are  always  careful  to  preserve  these  woexiy  fibrous  roots 
at  all  times,  and  especially  near  the  surface,  so  as  to  secure  an  abundance 
of  active  feeders — young  fibrelets,  with  swiftly  Imbibing  root-hairs. 
The  more  of  these  the  greater  the  amount  of  nutrition — nitrogen  and 
mineral  matter  restored  to  the  soil  annually  by  the  decay  of  the  younger 
or  least- woody  roots,  and  the  more  correspondingly  is  the  amount  of  woody 
fibrous  roots  made  and  retained.  The  main  roots  are  at  first  stout, 
with  a  distinct  wood  and  cortex  formation,  and  they  survive  longest, 
and  enlarge  through  the  laying  on  of  woody  matter  and  more  bark, 
hence  gardeners  strive  to  encourage  such  roots  from  the  collar  of  the 
Vines,  and  by  surface  dressing  getting  them  to  extend  over  the  bolder, 
thus  maintaining  a  good  woody  fibrous  root  formation  and  an  abundance 
of  rootlets  from  them  annually.  Phosphatic  manures  accelerate  their 
formation,  and  enhance  the  catering  power  of  the  Vines,  as  well  as 
supplying  essential  food  elements. 
Rames  of  Tlmnts.— We  only  undertake  to  name  species  of  plants, 
not  varieties  that  have  originated  from  seeds  and  termei  florists’  fleweis, 
Flowering  specimens  are  necessary  of  flowering  plants,  and  Fern  fronds 
should  b^r  spores.  Specimens  should  arrive  in  a  freuh  state  in  firm 
boxes.  Slightly  damp  moss,  soft  green  grass,  or  leaves  form  the  beut 
packing,  dry  wool  the  worst.  Not  more  t^n  six  specimens  can  be  named 
at  once,  and  the  numbers  should  be  visible  without  untying  the  ligatures, 
it  being  often  difficult  to  separate  them  when  the  paper  is  damp. 
(T.  P,). — Odontoglossum  citrosmum.  (P.  J.  P.). — 1,  Oentropc^on 
Lucyanna 2,  Habrothamnus  elegans ;  3,  Coprosma  Baueriana 
variegata.  (P.  F.  C,).  —  1,  Lilium  japonicum  ;  2,  Crinum  capense  j 
3,  Alstromeria  anrantiaca. 
Thb  Great  Northern  Railway.— This  company  has  made  several 
important  improvements  and  alterations  in  Its  express  train  service.  A 
day  express  train  now  leaves  King’s  Cross  at  11.20  a.m.,  arriving  in 
Edinburgh  7.46  p.m,  and  Glasgow  9.54  p.m.  The  8  0  p.m.  Scotch  sleep¬ 
ing  car  express  leaves  at  8.15  p.m.,  and  the  8.30  p.m.  Scotch  express 
leaves  at  8.45  p.m.  A  night  sleeping  car  express  leaves  King’s  Cross  at 
10.0  p.m.  from  July  11th  to  August  13th  inclusive,  Saturdays  and 
Sundays  excepted,  for  Edinburgh  and  Aberdeen,  A  special  express  for 
Sheringbam  and  Cromer  also  runs  from  King’s  Cross  at  12  40  p.m.  A 
new  feature,  which  will  no  doubt  be  much  appreciat<yi  by  travellers 
between  London  and  the  West  Riding  of  Yorkahire,  is  the  introduction 
of  third-class  dining  cars  between  Loudon  and  Leeds.  These  cars  are 
attached  to  the  10.0  a.m.  express  from  Leeds  (Central)  and  to  the 
6.4.^  p.m.  express  from  London.  It  is  also  the  intention  of  the  company 
to  run  a  second  third-class  luncheon  and  dining  car  by  the  5.30  p.m. 
train  from  Leeds  (Central)  and  9.45  a.m.  train  from  London  (King’s 
Cross)  from  the  middle  of  J nly.  T mproved  services  are  provided  between 
London  and  Huddesrsfield  (visi  Wakefield),  and  also  to  liceds  and  Brad¬ 
ford.  The  Scarborough  and  Whitby  special  express  will  commence 
running  on  July  1 1th,  and  will  leave  King’s  Cross  at  10.25  a.m.  For  full 
partic«u»tB  see  the  time  tables  of  the  company. 
OOVKNT  garden  MARKET.— JtJLY  3th. 
S’t'Bi.'si’flKBBlltS  falling  oft.  Supplies  outdoor  ffuit  not  htary.  IJemand  good, 
FRUIT. 
Apples,  Tasmanians,  per 
Bed, 
Asparagus,  per  100  ..  . 
Beans,  per  lb.  ..  ..  . 
Beet  r. 'i,doEen..  ..  . 
r.>.3,  bunch  ..  ..  . 
Cauliflowers,  dosen  ..  . 
i.elery,  bnn(Re  ..  ..  . 
Ooleworts,  dozen  bunches 
Ouoombers.dosen  ..  . 
Endive,  dozen  ..  ..  .. 
Herbs,  bunch  ..  .. 
Leeks,  bunch  . 
Lettuce,  dozen . 
Mushrooms,  per  lb.  . 
Aspidistra,  dozen  . .  . . 
Aspidistra,  specimen  plant 
Calceolarias,  per  dozen  . . 
OrasBUls,  per  dozen  . .  . . 
Dracsena,  various,  dozen  . , 
Dracaena  viridis,  dozen  . . 
Ericas,  various,  per  dozen  . 
Buoiiymus,  var.,  dozen  . . 
Evergreens,  in  var.,  dozen 
Ferns  in  variety,  dozen  .. 
Ferns  (small)  per  hundred 
Ficus  elastioa, each  ..  .. 
Foliage  plnat/.  rat.  each 
Heliotro^,  ixir  dozen  . . 
AVHBAHB  WHOLESALE 
Arum  Lilies,  IS  blooms  .. 
Asparagus  Fern,  per  bunch 
Bouvardias,  bunch  .. 
Oarnatious,  12  blooms 
„  dozen  bunches 
Cornflower,  per  dozen 
bunches . 
Buebaris, dozen  ..  ..  .. 
Oardenias,  dozen  ..  .. 
Q-eranium,  scarlet,  doz. 
bunches . 
Lilium  candidum,  per 
bunch..  ..  ..  ..  .. 
Lilium  candidum,  dozen 
blooms  . 
LUium  longiflorum,  twelve 
blooms  . 
Maidenhair  Fern,  per  dozen 
bunches . 
Marguerites.  IS  bunches  . . 
Mignonette,  per  dozen 
bunches . 
■. 
d, 
8.  d. 
s. 
d. 
■. 
d. 
Grapes,  per  Ibt  ».  .. 
0 
9  to  8 
0 
10 
OtolS  0 
Lem’ons,  case  . 
11 
0 
14 
■'1 
4 
0 
8  0 
Peaches . . 
4 
0 
12 
6 
0  0 
St.  Michael  Fines,  each  . . 
> 
0 
6 
0 
F 
0 
4  6 
Strawberries,  per  lb. 
0 
5 
0 
9 
YBaSTABLES. 
B. 
d. 
a.  d. 
8. 
d. 
a,  d. 
2 
0  to  3  6 
Mustard  and  Oreas,  punntt 
0 
8  to  0 
0 
0 
9 
1  0 
Onions,  bushel  ..  .. 
1 
« 
4 
0 
1 
0 
0  0 
Parsley,  dozen  bunches  . . 
3 
0 
3 
0 
0 
1 
0  4 
Parsnips,  dozen  ..  ..  .. 
.  f 
0 
0 
0 
2 
0 
3  0 
Potatoes,  per  owt.  .  -  .  - 
i 
Q 
4 
0 
1 
0 
0  0 
Salsafy,  bundle  ..  .. 
1 
0 
1 
8 
2 
0 
4  0 
Beakaie,  per  basket  ..  .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
1 
8 
3  0 
Scorzonera,  bundle  ..  .. 
1 
8 
0 
0 
1 
1 
1  6 
Shallots,  per  lb  ..  ..  .. 
0 
3 
0 
0 
0 
I 
0  0 
Spinach,  pad  ..  ..  .. 
0 
0 
4 
8 
0 
i 
0  0 
Sprouts,  ball  siv . 
0 
V 
0 
0 
1 
3 
0  0 
Tomatoes,  Tier  lb.  .. 
0 
■k 
0 
6 
0 
« 
0  8 
0 
1 
0 
0 
PLANTS 
IN  POTS. 
d. 
B.  d. 
1. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
6 
0to36  0 
Hydrangea,  various,  doz. .. 
9 
0tol8 
0 
18 
0 
36  0 
Ivy  Geranium,  per  dozen  . 
3 
0 
8 
0 
6 
0 
10  6 
Lilium  Harrisai,  per  dozen 
13 
0 
18 
0 
6 
0 
9  0 
„  lancifolium,  doz. 
12 
0 
16 
0 
18 
0 
86  0 
Lobelia,  per  dozen  . .  . . 
3 
0 
4 
0 
13 
0 
30  0 
Lycopodiums,  dozen  . .  .. 
3 
0 
4 
0 
9 
0 
18  0 
Marguerite  Daisy, dozen  .. 
6 
0 
9 
0 
9 
0 
18  0 
Mignonette,  dozen  pots  .. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
< 
0 
18  0 
Myrtles,  dozen  ..  ..  .. 
6 
0 
9 
0 
e 
0 
84  0 
Nasturtium,  per  dozen  . . 
3 
0 
6 
0 
4 
0 
18  0 
Palms,  in  var..  each  ..  .. 
1 
0 
IS 
0 
4 
0 
8  0 
„  (specimens'  ..  .. 
21 
0 
63 
0 
1 
0 
T  0 
Pelargoniums,  per  dozen  . . 
8 
0 
13 
0 
1 
0 
t  0 
,,  scarlets,  per  dozen 
t 
0 
9 
0 
4 
0 
6  0 
Spires  :ui,  dos . 
6 
0 
9 
PRICES.— OUT 
s.  d.  8.  d. 
3  0  to  4  0 
2  0  4  0 
4 
ti 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
4 
0 
0 
0 
0  9 
3  0 
8 
1  6 
4  0 
8  0 
8  0 
3  0 
0  6 
4  0 
8  0 
3  0 
FLOWERS.— Orchid  Blooms  In  variety. 
Myoaotis  or  Forget-me-not, 
dozen  bunohes . 
Orchids,  various,  per  dozen 
blooms  . .  . 
Pelargoniums.  18  bunches 
Poppies,  various,  per  dozen 
3  0  4  0  1 
Primula  (double),  dozen 
sprays  ..  .  .. 
Pyrethrum,  dozen  bunches 
Roses  (indoor),  dozen  . . 
„  Tea,  white,  dozen 
„  Yellow,  dozen  (Niels) 
„  Red,  dozen  blooms  .. 
„  Bafrano  (English), 
dozen . 
„  Pink,  per  dozen  ..  ,. 
„  dozen  bund.  !8  ..  .. 
Smilax,  per  bunch  ..  .. 
Spiraea,  dozen  bunches  . . 
Stephanotis,  dozen  sprays 
Tuberoses,  12  blooms. .  . . 
8. 
d. 
a. 
d« 
8  to  3 
6 
1 
8 
0 
4 
0 
8 
0 
0 
8 
1 
0 
0 
4 
0 
9 
1 
6 
3 
0 
0 
6 
1 
0 
1 
0 
3 
0 
2 
0 
4 
0 
0 
6 
1 
0 
1 
0 
2 
0 
1 
0 
2 
0 
3 
6 
6 
0 
3 
0 
5 
0 
2 
0 
4 
0 
1 
« 
3 
0 
0 
4 
0 
9 
POULTRY  WITH  DAIRY. 
So  much  is  said  and  written  now  about  the  minor  industries 
of  farming,  that  it  is  well  to  look  the  matter  fully  in  the  face, 
and  see  where  our  mistake  lies  and  how  we  may  correct  it. 
A  great  outcry  has  arisen  as  to  the  number  of  foreign  eggs  put 
upon  the  English  market,  not  only  from  the  Continent,  but 
also  from  the  most  distant  colonies.  Certainly  these  can  by 
no  stretch  of  the  imagination  be  classed  as  “  fresh.”  Sound 
they  must  be  to  escape  the  vigilance  of  the  food  inspector; 
but  we  never  yet  heard  of  eggfe  that  improved  by  keeping, 
except  among  the  Chinese,  who  like  their  eggs,  as  well  as  their 
wine,  to  be  mellow  with  years. 
One  of  the  papers  read  during  the  Dairy  i  Congress  in  Wales 
was  by  Mr.  Ed.  Brown,  a  well-known  poultry  expirt.  The 
paper  is  so  valuable  we  would  wish  our  readers  could  haie  it 
i?i  iolo  f  but  as  many  of  them  may  not  have  that  opportunity, 
we  will  try  to  recall  some  of  its  most  sa’ient  features. 
Mr.  Brown  remarks  in  the  first  instance  that  th^^  elements 
