August  2?,  1896. 
jOUtt2^AL  OF  EOBTIGULTURB  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER. 
215 
Exblbltlngr  Fruit  —  “  Kinds  ”  and  “  Varieties  ”  (^Precise 
Amateur'), — In  a  class  entitled  “  Collection  of  fruit,  four  distinct 
varieties,”  a  dish  each  of  Victoria  Plains,  Bullacea,  Green  Gages,  and 
Apples  would  be  perfectly  eligible,  bat  they  would  not  be  admissible 
if  the  stipulation  was  for  four  distinct  “kinds.”  But  though  tbe  fruits 
mentioned  would  be  eligible  in  the  class  cited,  no  one  knows  whether 
you  could  stage  them  without  disqualification  or  not,  as  some  persons 
who  are  appointed  as  judge  do  not  appear  to  have  a  clear  conception  ot 
the  significance  of  the  terms  “kinds”  and  “  varieties  ”  and  it  is  tbe 
safest  way  not  to  give  a  chance  to  disqualify.  See  the  judging  code  of 
the  Royal  Horticultural  Society. 
Ey caste  Sklnnerl  Turning  Tellow  (IF.  F.). — Without  seeing 
your  plants  of  Lycaste  Skinneri  or  Knowing  the  conditions  under  which 
they  have  been  grown,  we  cannot  say  for  certain  what  has  caused  the 
yellowness  of  the  loliage  as  described.  In  all  probability  it  is  due  to  an 
unsatisfactory  condition  at  the  rcots.  It  may  be  that  they  are  in  too 
close  and  heavy  material,  or,  again,  if  healthy  they  may  have  been 
,  insufficiently  watered,  while  a  dry  atmosphere  or  cold  draughts  would 
have  the  same  tendency.  Insects  rob  the  foliage  of  the  chlorophyll,  and 
this  would  cause  a  pale  appearance,  or  they  may  have  been  injured  by 
sponging  with  any  strong  insecticide.  The  Orchid  referred  to  is  one  of 
the  easiest  in  the  family  to  cultivate,  and  if  you  look  up  the  back 
numbers  of  t\i6  Journal  of  Horticulture  you  will  find  plenty  of  informa¬ 
tion  on  the  subject  which  you  can  apply  to  your  own  circumstances. 
Dendroblum — Epldendrum  (inquirer). — The  flower  sent  repre¬ 
sents  an  excellent  form  of  Dendrobium  formosum  giganteum,  the  lip  being 
especially  fine,  somewhat  resembling  that  of  the  newer  D.  Donnessisi. 
In  all  probability  you  have  not  given  your  plant  of  Bpidendrum  pris- 
matocarpum  heat  enough,  for  in  a  strong  moist  heat  we  have  found  this 
species  grow  very  freely,  finishing  up  its  long  tapering  pseudo-bulbs  in 
capital  order.  But  you  ask  more  especially  about  the  winter  treatment, 
and  this  does  not  differ  materially  from  that  of  the  evergreen  section  of 
Dendrobiums  ;  in  fact,  we  group  this  Bpidendrum  in  the  same  house. 
It  wants  a  decided  period  of  rest,  but  being  evergreen,  water  must  not 
be  entirely  withheld  from  the  roots.  Always  allow  sufficient  to  keep 
the  foliage  in  good  condition,  it  being  very  weakening  to  all  these  kinds 
with  long  strap-shaped  leaves  to  allow  them  to  become  wrinkled  or 
flaccid.  Otherwise  we  cannot  see  how  you  could  go  wrong  with  it, 
always  provided  the  roots  are  in  good  condition  and  a  weT-balanced 
temperature  as  regards  air,  heat,  and  moisture  kep^.  up.  If  this  does  not 
seem  to  meet  your  case  send  again,  giving  full  particulars  as  to  treat¬ 
ment  afforded  it,  and  we  will  endeavour  to  help  joi  further. 
Crapes  Eaten  by  Insects  (Notts). — The  “maggot”  you 
enclosed  in  the  box  had  spun  a  web,  and  beneath  this  was  quite  lively 
when  disturbed.  It  is  a  caterpillar — larva  of  the  Vine  moth  (Tortrix 
angustiorana  j .  The  caterpillar  is  about  an  inchin  length,  dirty  greenish 
grey,  with  a  dark  line  down  tbe  middle  of  the  back,  head  pale  chestnut, 
very  glossy  and  nearly  square  ;  eyes  black.  The  active  creature  usually 
feeds  on  one  berry  of  a  bunch  of  ripening  or  ripe  Grapes,  eating  as 
much  as  it  needs  of  the  pulp,  covering  it  and  adjoining  berries  with  a 
web.  When  disturbed,  it  lets  itself  down  by  a  silken  thread,  and  can 
run  up  or  down,  backwards  or  forwards  with  great  facility.  The  berry 
attacked  decays  and  rots  the  adjoining  ones,  so  that  several  berries 
become  involved,  and  in  some  cases  the  bunch  attacked  is  spoiled. 
There  is  no  remedy  but  to  search  for  the  caterpillars,  which  are  easily 
detected  by  the  web,  and  disturbing  it  the  caterpillar  speedily  moves, 
then  prompt  capture  and  destruction  must  be  effected.  The  attacked 
berries  must  also  be  promptly  removed,  so  as  to  prevent  the'r  decay  and 
the  rotting  of  adjoining  berries.  The  best  preventive  is  thoroughly 
cleansing  the  house  and  dressing  the  Vines  during  the  resting  season, 
nothing  being  better  for  the  latter  purpose  than  petroleum  emulsion,  or 
tbe  advertised  insecticides,  carefully  following  the  instructions. 
names  of  Fruits. — Notice. — VVe  have  pleasure  in  naming  good 
typical  fruits  (when  the  names  are  discoverable)  for  the  convenience  of 
regular  subscribers,  who  are  the  growers  of  such  fruit,  and  not  col¬ 
lectors  of  specimens  from  non-subscribers.  This  latter  procedure  is 
wholly  irregular,  and  we  trust  that  none  of  our  readers  will  allow 
themselves  to  be  made  the  mediums  in  infringing  our  rules.  Special 
attention  is  directed  to  the  following  decision,  the  object  of  which  is 
to  discourage  the  growth  of  inferior  and  promote  the  culture  of  superior 
varieties.  In  consequence  of  the  large  number  of  worthless  Apples  and 
Pears  sent  to  this  office  to  be  named.,  it  has  been  decided  to  name  only 
specimens  and  varieties  of  approved  merit,  and  to  reject  the  inferior, 
which  are  not  worth  sending  or  growing.  The  names  and  addresses  of 
senders  of  fruit  or  flowers  to  be  named  must  in  all  cases  be  enclosed  with 
the  specimens,  whether  letters  referring  to  the  fruit  are  sent  by  post  or 
not.  The  names  are  not  necessarily  required  for  publication,  initials 
sufficing  for  that.  Only  six  specimens  can  be  named  at  once,  and  any 
beyond  that  number  cannot  be  preserved.  They  should  be  sent  on  the 
first  indication  of  change  towards  ripening.  Dessert  Pears  cannot 
be  named  in  a  hard  green  state.  (O,  W,), — As  we  have  several  times 
state i,  neither  Peaches  nor  Nectarines  can  bp  named  without  specimens 
of  the  foliage  and  knowledge  regarding  the  flowers.  (J  B  ), — 1,  Red 
Astrachan  ;  2,  not  known,  probably  local ;  3,  probably  small  Catshead  j 
4,  Winter  Greening  ;  5,  not  known,  probably  a  local  seedling  ;  6,  probably 
a  minute  specimen  of  Bishop’s  Thumb.  The  Apples  were  imperfect 
and  unsatisfactory  specimens,  and  can  only  be  named  approximately. 
(B.  K,  Brigg), — The  fruits  sent  are  unripe  and  not  in  proper  condition 
for  naming,  and  apart  from  that,  if  you  refer  to  our  notices  to 
correspondents  respecting  the  naming  of  fruits  you  will  see  that  we  only 
undertake  to  name  six  specimens  at  one  time,  and  any  above  that  cannot 
receive  attention.  We  are,  therefore,  unable  to  depart  from  our  rule. 
Iffames  of  Plants.— We  only  undertake  to  name  species  of  plants, 
not  varieties  that  have  originated  from  seeds  and  termed  florists’  flowers. 
Flowering  specimens  are  necessary  of  flowering  plants,  and  Fern  fronds 
should  bear  spores.  Specimens  should  arrive  in  a  fresh  state  in  firm 
boxes.  Slightly  damp  moss,  soft  green  grass,  or  leaves  form  the  best 
packing,  dry  wool  the  worst.  Not  more  than  six  specimens  can  be  named 
at  once,  and  tbe  numbers  should  be  visible  without  untying  the  ligatures, 
it  being  often  difficult  to  separate  them  when  the  paper  is  damp. 
(C,  C.).—\,  Rudbeckia  purpurea  ;  2,  flowers  t  o  withered  for  positive 
identification  ;  3,  Rudbeckia  Newmani.  (W.  Z.). — All  your  specimens 
are  varieties  of  Odontoglossum  crispum  that  have  never  had  specific 
names.  (T.  D.).  —  Dendrobium  formosum  giganteum.  (M.  M.). — 
1,  Adiantum  tiapeziforme ;  2,  Asplenium  bulbiferum  ;  3,  Selaginella 
emsia. 
Apples,  J  sieve  .. 
Filberts,  per  100  lbs. 
Urapea,  per  lb.  . . 
Lemons,  oase  .. 
COVBNT  GARDEN  MARKET.— August  26th. 
FBUIT. 
I.  d  B.  d. 
..  1  3  to  2  6 
..  25  0  00 
..0  6  16 
..  11  0  14  0 
Peaches  . 
Plums,  i  sieve  . .  . . 
St.  Michael  Fines,  each 
vegetables. 
Asparagus,  per  100  ..  . 
Beans,  i  sieve  ..  ..  . 
Beet,  Ked,  dozen . . 
Oarrots,  bunch . . 
Cauliflowers,  dozen  ..  ., 
Celery,  bundle  . . 
Ooleworts,  dozen  bunches 
Ououmbers,  dozen  ,.  .. 
Endive,  dozen  . . 
Herbs,  bunch  . . 
Leeks,  bunch  . . 
Lettuce,  dozen . . 
Mushrooms,  ptr  lb.  ..  . 
.  d.  8.  d. 
0  0  to  0  0 
1  3 
1  0 
0  3 
2  0 
0  6 
0  0 
4  C 
2  6 
1  6 
0  0 
0  0 
0  0 
0  8 
Parsley,  dozen  bunches 
Parsnips,  dozen  .. 
Potatoes,  per  owt. 
Salsafy,  bundle  .. 
Seakale,  per  basket 
Scorzonera,  bundle 
Shallots,  per  lb  . . 
Spinach,  pad 
Sprouts,  half  siv.. 
Tomatoes,  per  lb. 
Turnips,  bunch  .. 
Arbor  Vitis  i  various /doz. 
Asters,  dozen  pots  . .  . . 
Aspidistra,  dozen  . .  . . 
Aspidistra,  specimen  plant 
Balsams,  per  dozen . . 
Campanulas,  per  dozen  . . 
Chrysanthemums,  per  doz. 
Cockscombs,  per  dozen  . . 
Draosena,  various,  dozen  . 
Dracffina  viridis,  dozen  , . 
Buony mus ,  var..  dozen  , . 
Evergreens,  ini  var.,  dozen 
Perns  iu  variety, dozen  .. 
Perns  (small)  per  hundred 
AVERAGE  WHOLESALE 
Arum  Lilies,  12  blooms  ,. 
Asparagus  Fern,  per  bunch 
Asters,  dozen  bunches 
Bouvardias,  bunch  ..  .. 
Carnations,  12  blooms 
„  dozen  bunches 
Chrysanthemums,  dozen 
bunches  . 
Bucharis,  dozen . 
Gardenias,  dozen 
Geranium,  scarlet,  doz. 
bunches  . 
Lilium  longiflorum,  twelve 
blooms  . 
.,  lanoifolium,  12  blooms 
Maidenhair  Pern,  per  dozen 
bunches  . 
Marguerites,  12  bunches  . . 
Mignonette,  per  dozen 
PLANTS  IN  POTS, 
s.  d.  8.  d. 
6  0  to  36  0 
3  0  6  0 
18 
5 
3 
6 
4 
3 
12 
9 
6 
6 
4 
4 
36  0 
10  8 
4  0 
9  0 
6  0 
4  0 
30 
18 
18 
24  0 
18  0 
6  0 
PRICES.— OUT 
3.  d.  s',  d. 
0  to  4  0 
0  2  6 
3  0 
1  6 
1  6 
6  0 
0  9 
2  0 
6 
4  0 
3  0 
3  0 
3  0  5  0 
2  0 
1  0 
4  0 
1  0 
4  0 
2  6 
8  0 
3  0 
2  0  4  0 
Pious elastica, each  .. 
Foliage  plants,  var.  each 
Fuchsias,  per  dozen 
Heliotrope,  per  dozen 
Lilium  lanoifolium,  dozen 
Lycopodiums,  dozen  . .  . . 
Marguerite  Daisy. dozen  ,. 
Miguonette,  dozen  pots  . . 
Myrtles,  dozen  . 
Palms,  in  var.  each  .. 
,,  (.specimens'  ., 
Pelargoniums,  per  dozen  . . 
„  scarlets,  per  dozen 
FLOWERS  —Orchid  Blooms  in 
Myosotis  or  Forget-me-not, 
dozen  bunches . 
Orchids,  various,  per  dozen 
blooms  . 
Pelargoniums.  12  bunches 
Primula  (double),  uozen 
sprays  . 
Pyrethrum,  dozen  uuuebes 
Rosea  (indoor),  dozen 
„  Tea,  white,  dozen 
,,  Yellow,  dozen  (Niels) 
,,  Red,  dozen  blooms  .. 
„  Safrnno  (English), 
dozen . 
„  Pink,  per  dozen  , .  . . 
„  dozen  bunches  ..  .. 
Smilax,  per  bunch  ..  .. 
Stephanotis,  dozen  sprays 
Sunflowers,  dozen  bunches 
«. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
1 
0  to  6 
0 
2 
9 
3 
6 
2 
u 
# 
C 
S. 
d. 
8. 
d- 
0 
2 
l<  (J 
0 
3 
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« 
0 
2 
0 
i 
0 
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0 
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2 
0 
4 
0 
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0 
0 
0 
0 
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0 
0 
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3 
0 
0 
0 
0 
4 
6 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
2 
0 
4 
0 
3 
0 
0 
B. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
1 
0 
to  ' 
0 
1 
0 
5 
0 
3 
0 
6 
0 
4 
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0 
9 
0 
18 
0 
3 
0 
4 
0 
6 
0 
9 
0 
4 
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6 
0 
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0 
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0 
21 
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12 
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FOR  MAN  AND  BE  AST. 
One  of  our  earliest  recollections  of  ohildbood,  a  recollection, 
whicli  is  still  as  vivid  as  ever  despite  the  passage  of  many  years, 
was  the  beauty  of  a  field  of  Flax.  Of  its  utility  we  hen  knew 
nothing  ;  linen  was  but  a  name,  linseed  cake  was  as  vague,  but 
we  could  appreciate  the  lovely  blue,  and  also  we  could  appreciate 
and  feel  the  sharp  cut  ma'le  on  our  little  hands  when  drawing 
the  fibre  quickly  through  the  closed  fingers  Those  fields  of 
Flax  were  on  rich  warp  soil  that  had  been  flooded  by  the  river, 
and  that  river  had  left  it  rich  in  alluvial  deposit.  These  were 
the  days  when  farmers  made  money— when  Wheat  was  at  a 
remunerative  price,  when  stock  paid  its  way  and  left  something 
over. 
