480 
JOtlRUAL  OF  llOkl'lCVLWRF  CW^PaOE  GAkbmm.  November  i-i  iaSd. 
we  rab  our  eyei  and  think  the  printer  has  made  a  mistake.  Is  it 
really  and  truly  twenty-one  years  since  the  first  Dairy  Exhibition 
in  Islington  ?  Ah,  well !  figures  are  difficult  thing!  to  dispute,  and 
it  must  be  so. 
The  British  Dairy  Farmers’  Association  are  doing  a  great  work, 
and  they  must  feel  satisfied  at  the  way  their  efforts  are  appreciated. 
Entries  so  good,  character  of  entries  so  good,  and  plenty  of 
spectators.  This  Association  has  many  branches.  Cattle,  milking, 
and  butter  tests,  goats,  poultry,  pigeons,  cheese,  bacon  and  hams> 
bread,  honey,  and  eggs  are  among  the  exhibits.  Surely  there  is 
something  here  to  interest  everyone  ! 
One  is  a  very  important  point — the  class  for  distinctly  dairy 
bulls.  It  is  so  necessary  that  both  parents  should  come  of  good 
milking  types.  Too  little  attention  has  been  paid  to  this  point  in  the 
past ;  but  now  breeders  are  beginning  to  see  that  bulls  with  a  hesf 
pedigree  are  worse  than  useless  for  dairy  purposes .  First  under 
notice  were  the  Shorthorns,  and  it  is  instructive  as  well  as  interest¬ 
ing  to  find  that  notes  were  taken — first  of  appearance,  secondly  of 
weight  of  milk,  and  thirdly  (and  here  was  the  crucial  point)  of  the 
quantity  of  butter  that  milk  produced. 
Appearance  does  not  go  for  everything,  for  “  Rose  Sweetheart  ” 
and  “  Little  Gem,”  though  getting  inspection  prizes,  obtained  only 
he  in  the  butter  test.  In  the  milking  trials  “  Daisy  Belle  ”  was 
first,  taking  also  the  Barham  challenge  and  the  Lord  Mayor’s  cup. 
The  second  prize  went  to  “  Primrose,”  and  third  to  “Winifred.” 
Now  for  the  butter-fat.  “  Daisy  Belle,”  with  her  55  lbs.  of  milk, 
comes  out  second  with  a  butter  weight  of  3  lbs.  1  oz.  “Dairy 
Model,”  with  46  lbs.  14^  ozs.  of  milk,  produced  3  Iba.  2  ozs.  of 
butter,  which  is  certainly  a  very  handsome  performance.  Two  or 
three  other  cows  followed  close  on  with  yields  of  2  lbs.  12  ozs.  of 
butter.  Some  very  heavy  milkers  were  disqualified  on  account  of 
the  lack  of  solids  in  their  milk.  Quality  and  quantity  must  go 
together  at  Islington,  and  ought  to  do  so  on  every  dairy  farm. 
Then  come  the  Channel  Islanders,  Jerseys  to  the  fore.  The 
first  prize  went  to  “  Opal,”  46  lbs.  of  milk  =  2  lbs.  10^  ozs,  butter  ; 
Lord  Rothschild’s  “Beauty”  and  “  Sultana”  coming  in  second  and 
third  with  40  lbs.  12  ozs.  milk  =  2  lbs.  10  ozs.  butter,  and 
30  lbs.  8  ozs.  milk  —  2  lbs.  9^  ozs.  The  Island  bred  heifers  and 
the  English  ones  were  also  a  strong  entry,  and  from  the  prices  they 
made  we  should  fancy  Jerseys  are  greatly  in  demand.  Of  the 
Guernseys  we  must  say  both  quality  and  breeding  are  much 
improved.  In  red-dolled  cows  the  first  prize  fell  to  Mr.  Garret 
Taylor’s  “  Pop  IL”  with  her  46  lbs.  of  milk  ;  Lord  Rothschild’s 
“  Charm  ”  gaining  second  prize  with  44  lbs. 
In  the  Ay rsh ires,  again,  we  find  ^  discrepancy  between  the 
yield  of  milk  and  yield  of  butter.  The  first  prize  cow  produced 
47  lbs.  12^  ozs.  milk,  which  made  2  lbs.  8  ozs.  of  butter  ;  the  second 
prize  milked  61  lbs.  of  milk,  producing  only  2  lbs.  5^  ozs.  butter  ; 
the  third  prize  w.as  43  Ibe.  9^  ozs.  milk  1  lb,  13f  ozs.  butter. 
With  Kerries  and  Dexters  in  the  milking  competition,  the 
Dexters  had  the  best  of  it,  taking  first  and  second  prizes,  a  Kerry 
being  the  third. 
Some  of  the  cross-bred  varieties  showed  wonderful  milking 
capacities.  Fancy,  80  lbs.  of  milk  from  one  cow  1  but,  alas  1  the 
half-bred  Guernsey  with  her  63  lbs. ;  and  another  Dutch  one  with 
70  lbs.  came  first. 
Cheese  was  very  strong,  especially  in  the  Cheddar  department. 
The  first,  third,  and  fourth  prizes  went  to  Scotland.  Had  the 
drought  in  the  West  of  England  anything  to  do  with  thii  ? 
Among  the  Stiltons  were  about  half  a  dozen  exhibits  of  fair 
average  quality,  but  there  were  some  so  inferior  that  they 
should  never  have  left  the  obscurity  of  their  own  cheese-room 
shelf.  Not  many  Chesbires  were  exhibited.  All  the  Leicester 
cheeses  were  of  first-rate  quality.  There  was  a  grand  show  of 
foreign  cheeses,  which  if  as  good  to  eat'as  they  were  to  look  npon 
must  have  been  fit  for  the  Lord  .Mayor  himself. 
What  we  have  heard  spoken  of  as  “hog  produce  ’’was  much  to 
the  fore  ;  bacon  and  ham  are  brands  we  English  cannot  dispense 
with.  Butter  by  the  ton,  plain  and  fancy.  Dare  we  say  it?  we 
prefer  the. plain.  Beautiful  as  the  fancy  may  be,  a  simple  pat  or 
small  roll  is  more  appetising  to  us  than  the  choicest  horticultural 
efforts.  We  are  glad  to  see  a  class  for  skim  milk  bread.  It  is  not, 
a  new  departure,  but  we  could  wish  it  were  a  plan  more  adopted 
in  households  where  the  bread  is  really  “  home  made.”  We  do  not 
remember  the  time  when  we  did  not  use  milk.  It  brings  up  the 
nutritive  properties  of  the  bread  greatly,  and  with  plenty  of 
“  butter  fat  ”  added  afterwards  makes  a  perfect  food.  Honey 
exhibits,  too,  made  a  great  figure.  Apparently  the  honey  crop  has 
varied  much  in  different  parts  of  the  United  Kingdom ;  in  some 
places  the  flow  has  been  most  abundant,  in  others  it  •  was  arrested 
too  quickly  for  the  bees  to  get  a  full  supply. 
Sterilised  milk,  of  which  much  baa  been  said  of  late,  has  been 
brought  as  near  perfection  as  possible  by  the  use  of  Dr,  Gustav 
Schack- Sommer’s  “  Sterilisalorwerke,”  a  new  invention  exhibited 
at  Islington,  Of  other  inventions  and  appliances  time  fails  for 
telling. 
WORK  ON  THE  HOME  FARM. 
November  has  opened  brighter  than  its  two  predecessors,  so  we  are 
hoping  for  a  better  time.  What  months  September  and  October  have 
been  I  May  we  never  again  see  the  like.  The  difficulties  of  Potato 
lifting  have  at  last  been  surmounted,  and  what  they  have  been  may  be 
realised  when  we  say  that  loaded  carts  have  frequently  sunk  nearly  up 
to  the  axle,  and  this  on  land  considered  dry,  and  certainly  not  low 
lying. 
Mangolds  are  now  having  their  turn,  and  are  coming  up  well,  in 
some  cases  heavy.  This  is  rather  surprising,  as  they  had  a  late  start, 
and  certainly  no  great  supply  of  sunshine  since  July.  Attention  will 
next  be  directed  to  Swede  storing.  Some  people  store  them  in  heaps 
without  any  trimming  ;  they  are  simply  pulled  up  and  heaped  as  they 
are  (root  and  top),  then  well  covered  with  soil.  We  have  tried  the  plan 
and  found  it  to  answer  well. 
Autumn  Cabbage  should  now  be  planted  on  land  ploughed  in  the 
ordinary  way,  one  row  in  every  third  furrow — i,e.,  27  to  30  inches  apart, 
and  three  plants  to  the  yard  run.  This  plan  requires  16,000  to  20,000 
plants  per  acre.  Tne  plants  should  be  fairly  strong.  Our  own  have 
grown  badly  since  sowing  early  in  August,  and  we  shall  defer  planting  ' 
until  spring.  They  will  then  transplant  well,  bat  will  not  grow  so  large. 
Thrashings  of  Wheat  have  been  heavier  owing  partly  to  a  tempting 
price,  partly  to  finer  weather,  farmers  have  threshed  less  Barley,  and 
it  is  well  so,  for  the  supply  had  been  too  heavy.  Fine,  sound  qualities 
must  command  a  high  price  before  spring. 
Sheep  are  doing  well  on  Turnips,  but  the  layer  is  as  bad  as  it  could 
be  in  midwinter.  Care  must  be  taken  not  to  force  the  lambs  too  rapidly. 
It  is  time  to  commence  the  use  of  a  little  flowers  of  sulphur  mixed  with 
the  artificial  food  once  a  week.  Cakes  are  dearer,  ana  likely  to  be  so, 
as  the  price  of  seed  has  gone  up,  as  well  as  other  feeding  stuffs. 
Considerable  quantities  of  Wheat  are  still  being  put  in,  and  the 
increase  in  the  Wheat  acreage  is  likely  to  be  a  large  one,  some  farmers 
even  resuming  the  area  of  twenty  years  ago.  As  they  pertinently 
remark,  “Our  little  bit  will  not  make  much  difference.”  Where  a 
larger  area  is  desired  it  would  be  better  to  put  Wheat  in  after  the 
Mangold  crop,  as  it  is  getting  late  for  it  to  do  well  6a  ley. 
MSTEOROLOGICAL  OBSKRVAriONS, 
Oaudbn  SquARH,  LoynoK. 
Lat.  61®  83' 40"  N. ;  Long.  0®  8/  0"  W.;  Altitude  111  feet. 
Date. 
9  A.M. 
IN  THE  Day. 
d 
i2 
1896. 
November. 
1  Barometer 
1  at  32®,  and 
1  Sea  Level. 
Hygrometer. 
Direc¬ 
tion  of 
Wind. 
Temp, 
of  soil 
at 
1  foot. 
Shade  Tem¬ 
perature. 
Radiation 
Temperature 
Dry. 
Wet. 
Max. 
Min. 
In 
Sun. 
On 
Q-rasd. 
Inchs. 
deg. 
deg. 
deg. 
deg. 
deg. 
deg. 
deg. 
Inch  a. 
Sunday  1 
29-763 
42-2 
41-7 
N.B. 
42-4 
48-4 
36-9 
62-0 
26-6 
0-099 
Monday  ..  2 
28-869 
48-0 
44  1 
N. 
42-9 
47-9 
42-0 
61-3 
36-2 
0011 
Tuesday  , .  3 
•29-966 
.39-9 
38-6 
N. 
43-1 
47-4 
38-1 
77-3 
31-1 
— 
Wedneeday  4 
30-326 
37-6 
35-9 
N. 
42-6 
48-7 
32-9 
70-9 
26-2 
— 
Thursday . .  8 
30-529 
38-9 
37-8 
N. 
41-7 
48-3 
34-8 
801 
27-8 
Friday  . .  6 
3U-401 
34-6 
32-4 
N. 
40-8 
48-0 
30-0 
69-9 
23-3 
Saturday..  7 
30-022 
33-2 
32-4 
W. 
40-0 
44-6 
26-3 
44-3 
21-1 
0-429 
30-121 
38-8 
37-5 
!  41-9 
1 
47-6 
34'3 
66-8 
27-6 
0-639 
REMARKS. 
1st.— Eait  day,  with  occasional  sunshine;  rain  after  10  P.m. 
2nd.— Rainy  in  small  hours ;  dull  drizzly  morning;  fair  afternoon. 
3rd. — Pine  and  sunny  throughout. 
4th.— Bright  and  sunny  all  day. 
6th.  -  Bright  sun  all  day  ;  cloudless  night. 
6th.— Almost  olondless  throughout. 
Tth.— Cloudy  and  cold  day ;  slight  fog  in  morning  ;  rain  from  8  P.M.  to  midnight. 
Another  cold  Week ;  temperature  nearly  down  to  the  average  for  January.— 
G.  J.  SXMOys. 
Vi 
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