December  8,  1896. 
545 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER, 
TULBAGHIA  YIOLACEA. 
This  is  a  pretty  little  hardy  bulbous  plant,  which  is  far  too  seldom 
seen  in  gardens.  The  name  may  be  said  to  be  the  least  recommendation 
possessed  by  the  plant,  for  it  is  by  no  means  euphonious,  though  the 
plant  itself  is  both  graceful  and  attractive,  and  should  be  more  generally 
grown.  The  flowers  are  rich  purple  and  are  borne  in  large  umbelsi 
which  have  a  pleasing  effect  when  intermixed  with  other  hardy  flowers* 
It  succeeds  in  any  light  moderately  rich  soil,  and  requires  no  special 
attention  in  its  cultivation.  This  information  will  he  of  assistance  to 
“  W.  P.  K.,”  while  the  woodcut  (fig.  94)  will  convey  to  our  correspon¬ 
dent  the  habit  of  flowering. 
CHRYSANTHEMUM  SHOWS. 
LEEDS. — November  24th  and  25th. 
The  eighth  autumn  exhibition  was  held  this  year  in  the  Town  Hall 
under  the  auspices  of  the  Leeds  Paxton  Society,  and  was  quite  the  best 
of  the  series  yet  held.  A  marked  improvement  was  manifest  in  the 
quality  of  the  cut  blooms  staged.  Groups  of  Chrysanthemums  remain 
yet  somewhat  stiff  and  formal.  A  combination  of  foliage  plants  would 
add  much  to  the  attractivpnees  of  these  groups,  while  it  would  be  the 
means  of  dispensing  to  a  large  extent  of  so  much  “  packing  ”  of  Chrys¬ 
anthemum  plants. 
Cut  blooms  were  the  most  important  item  in  the  schedule.  Classes 
were  provided  both  for  all  comers  and  for  local  exhibitors,  an  arrange¬ 
ment  which  appears  to  work  satisfactorily  at  many  shows.  In  the  open 
division  eighteen  incurved  specimens  were  asked  for.  Here  Mr. 
Goodacre,  gardener  to  the  Earl  of  Harrington,  Elvaston  Castle,  Derby, 
somewhat  easily  carried  off  the  premier  award  with  excellent  examples 
of  leading  varieties,  C.  H.  Curtis  and  J.  Agate  deserving  special  mention. 
Mr.  Carpenter  and  C.  Gibson  were  staged  in  good  form  also,  Messrs. 
J.  R.  Pearson  &  Son,  Chilwell  Nurseries,  Nottingham,  were  a  good 
second  ;  Mr.  C.  H.  Wright,  Oswestry,  third. 
In  a  similar  class  for  Japanese,  Mr.  Goodacre  again  secured  the 
premier  award  for  a  wonderfully  fine  lot  of  blooms.  Madame  Carnot, 
Ktoile  de  Lyon,  Mutual  Friend,  Silver  King,  Rose  Wynne,  and  John 
Seward  were  conspicuous.  Mr.  C.  H.  Wright  a  good  second.  Mr,  J.  W. 
Backhouse,  Beverley,  third.  For  both  twelve  incurved  and  the  same 
number  of  Japanese,  Mr.  Goodacre  secured  the  first  prize  with  wonder¬ 
fully  good  specimens.  Charles  Curtis  in  the  former  was  a  charming 
flower.  Rose  Wynne  was  the  best  among  the  Japanese  varieties. 
In  a  mixed  class,  to  consist  of  incurved,  Japanese,  reflexed,  and 
Anemone  varieties,  Messrs.  Pearson  were  the  most  successful.  Local 
classes  were  well  filled,  the  prizes  hotly  contested  for,  and  the  result 
being  a  creditable  display.  Mr.  Eastwood,  gardener  to  Mrs.  Tetley, 
Leeds,  was  a  large  prizetaker. 
For  a  group  of  Chrysanthemums,  arranged  for  effect  in  a  space  not 
exceeding  60  square  feet,  Mr.  Eastwood  easily  secured  the  premier 
award  with  plants  much  too  tightly  packed,  yet  carrying  good  blooms. 
Mr.  ,T.  Pettinger,  Strawberry  Dale  Nursery,  Harrogate,  was  second.  Mr. 
E.  B.  Faber,  Belvedere,  Harrogate,  won  first  prize  for  a  group  of 
miscellaneous  plants,  aranged  for  effect  in  a  space  not  exceeding 
100  square  feet,  Mr.  A.  Taylor,  Newton  Nurseries,  Potternewtown,  Leeds, 
second, 
SOUTH  SHIELDS.— November  25th  and  26th. 
This  long-established  Society  held  its  annual  exhibition  in  the 
Royal  AssemWy  Hall  on  Wednesday  the  25th,  and  the  standard  of  excel¬ 
lence  of  its  predecessors  was  fully  maintained.  We  were  surprised  to 
find  the  exhibits  in  such  a  fresh  state  so  late  in  the  season.  Cut  blooms 
were  both  numerously  staged  and  of  admirable  quality.  Groups  were, 
perhaps,  not  quite  so  prominent  as  in  past  years.  The  premier  award 
deservedly  fell  to  Mr.  John  McIntyre,  gardener  to  Mrs.  Gurney  Pease, 
Woodside,  Darlington,  for  a  most  artistic  and  pleasing  arrangement  of 
fine-foliaged  plants  and  large-flowering  Chrysanthemums  as  to  make  the 
whole  pleasingly  effective . 
In  the  cut  bloom  classes  Mr.  G.  Shotton,  gardener  to  H.  W.  Andrews, 
Esq,,  Motherley,  was  well  to  the  front  with  large  and  massive  examples, 
especially  his  twenty-four  incurved,  for  which  he  was  deservedly 
awarded  the  first  prize.  His  Queen  of  England,  Golden  Empress, 
Robert  Petfield,  C.  Curtis,  Princess  of  Wales,  Violet  Tomlin,  Mrs.  Cole¬ 
man,  Baron  Hitsch,  J,  Lambert,  J.  Agate,  Alfred  Salter,  and  Mons. 
Bahuant  stood  out  prominently  both  for  freshness  and  solidity.  Mr.  J. 
McKenzie,  gardener  to  the  Rev,  R.  Burdon,  was  placed  second  ;  Mr. 
James  Corltas,  gardener  to  Alderman  Harding,  J.P.,  being  a  very  good 
third.  In  the  corresponding  class  for  twenty-four  Japanese  Mr.  J. 
Corbett,  gardener  to  the  Marquis  of  Normanby,  Whitby,  took  the  first 
award  ;  while  Mr.  Shotton  ran  him  very  close,  gaining  the  second,  and 
Messrs,  G.  Fairbairn  &  Sons,  nurserymen,  Carlisle,  third  place.  The 
best  flowers  in  the  first  prize  stand  were  W.  H.  Lees,  Phoebus,  Viviand 
Morel,  Madame  Carnot,  Mutual  Friend,  Etoile  de  Lyon,  Wilfrid  Mar¬ 
shall,  Dorothy  Shea,  and  Mons.  Panckoucke.  In  the  second  prize  stand 
there  were  splendid  blooms  of  Mdlle.  Thdrose  Rey,  Lady  E.  Saunders, 
Louise,  and  Mons.  Gruyer. 
For  eighteen  Japanese  Mr,  Corbett  was  again  first  with  a  well 
balanced  and  fresh  collection,  W.  G.  Newett,  President  Borel,  and 
Louise  being  especially  noticeable  ;  Mr.  G.  Shotton  following  very  close 
for  second  honours,  and  Mr.  Samuel  Russell,  gardener  to  E,  Smith,  Esq., 
Benton  House,  Longbenton,  for  third  prize.  For  twelve  Japanese  Mr. 
Thomas  Wheeler,  gardener  to  Mrs.  Mitchel,  Jesmond  Towers,  Newcastle, 
had  a  splendid  first  stand,  Edith  Tabor,  C.  Davis,  Marie  Hoste,  and 
Simplicity  were  especially  well  grown.  Mr.  E.  Pettifer,  gardener  to 
J.  White,  Esq.,  took  the  second  prize.  In  the  classes  for  eighteen 
incurved,  and  twelve,  distinct,  Mr.  Shotton  was  awarded  both  first  prizes 
for  well  built  and  solid  blooms,  Messrs.  McIntyre,  Coultas,  and 
McKenzie  sharing  the  other  prizes  between  them. 
Anemones,  reflexed,  and  Pompons  were  well  represented,  and  found 
many  admirers,  Mr.  Shotton,  Mr.  Wheeler,  and  Mr,  McIntyre  being 
placed  in  the  order  of  their  names  for  twelve  Anemone-flowered.  Mr. 
Shotton  exhibited  Jean  Marty,  Queen  Elizabeth,  John  Banyan,  Dela¬ 
ware,  Owen’s  Perfection,  Duchess  of  Westminster,  Descartes,  and  W.  W. 
Astor  in  grand  condition  :  and  Messrs.  Wheeler,  Shotton,  and  McIntyre 
PIG.  94.— TULBAGHIA  VIOLACEA. 
shared  the  awards  for  reflexed  in  the  order  given.  Mr;  Wheeler’s  best 
flowers  were  Mrs.  Sullivan,  Miss  Florence  Lunn,  Amy  Furze,  Chevalier 
Domage,  and  Cullingfordi. 
More  than  usual  interest  is  taken  and  encouragement  given  for  hand 
bouquets,  bridal  bouquets,  epergnes,  ladies’  sprays,  and  buttonholes,  one 
long  table  being  devoted  solely  for  these  exhibits,  and  in  several  of  the 
classes  the  competition  was  most  keenly  contested,  many  an  artistic  and 
tasteful  arrangement  not  being  able  to  secure  an  award.  Mr.  G. 
Summers,  Fawcett,  Sunderland,  secured  the  coveted  award  with  a  shower 
bouquet  most  beautifully  arranged.  Mr.  J,  Rutherford  was  here  placed 
second,  and  Mr.  G.  Webster  third.  For  a  bridal  bouquet,  Mr.  Rutherford, 
Sunderland,  secured  the  first  prize,  Mr.  Summers  second,  and  Mr. 
Webster  third.  Epergnes  were  charmingly  represented.  Messrs. 
Rutherford,  Summers,  Webster,  and  Pettifer  securing  most  of  the  awards. 
Table  plants  were  beautifully  exhibited,  Messrs.  Wheeler,  McIntyre,  and 
Fairlee  being  placed  first,  second,  and  third,  respectively.  The  show  was 
admirabiy  managed,  and  the  courtesy  of  the  whole  officials  beyond 
praise. 
DARLINGTON. — November  28th  and  29th, 
Encouraged  by  the  public  support  given  to  the  exhibition  of  last 
year,  the  Committee  of  the  Darlington  Gardeners’  Institute  have  again 
held  an  exhibition,  which  has  been  even  more  successful  than  its  last. 
It  was  decided  for  this  year  that  medals  should  he  offered  for  several 
classes  of  fruit  and  Chrysanthemums,  and  in  order  to  afford  the  public 
an  opportunity  of  seeing  what  could  be  grown  under  ordinary  circum¬ 
stances  only  Apples  and  Pears  that  had  been  grown  outside  were 
admissible  for  competition. 
In  a  class  for  nine  dishes  of  Apples  and  Pears  six  collections  were 
