Deoomber  17,  1896, 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER. 
597 
thoroughly.  You  mention  2  feet  of  soil,  hut  the  best  crops  of  Tomatoes 
we  have  seen  were  grown  in  medinci  to  strong  loam  8  inches  deep,  in  a 
thick  (6  inches)  layer  of  chalk,  and  in  a  trough  of  9  inch  boards,  with 
the  plants  trained  to  the  roof  like  Vines,  17  feet  rafters  and  every  inch 
covered  with  fruit.  Burning  tho  soil  is  a  sure  cure  for  eel  worm  so  far  as 
the  part  burnt  is  concerned,  but  often  useless,  as  the  eelworms  are  in  the 
part  left  in  the  house.  Freezing  the  soil  answers  just  as  well.  First 
let  the  ground  get  hard  ;  then  run  the  soil  out  a  foot  thick  on  it  and 
turn  so  89  to  get  frozen  througbi  Any  frozen  stiff  do  not  come  to  life 
on  thawing. 
Tbrlps  QJ.  B,  J.). — There  are  two  kinds  of  thrips  that  trouble 
plant  growers,  the  yellow  and  the'  black,  the  former  being  much  the 
stballer  and  more  difficult  to  deal  with.  Neither  likes  water,  and  can 
be  kept  down  with  the  aid  of 
the  syringe  ;  but  if  this  is  neg¬ 
lected  they  spread  rapidly  and 
soon  disfigure  the  foliage  of 
plants  and  destroy  them.  Fumi¬ 
gating  with  tobacco  smoke  is 
frequently  recommended  for 
destroying  these  pests,  but  a  very 
strong  dose  is  required  to  kill 
their  eggs,  much  more  so  than 
to  destroy  the  active  insects. 
Not  infrequently  many  plants 
are  damaged  when  fumigating  is 
alone  resorted  to  for  cleansing 
them.  We  never  fumigate  for 
the  purpose  of  killing  thrips,  but 
destroy  them  by  a  leas  disagree¬ 
able  yet  more  effective  method. 
For  this  purpose  we  syringe  all 
plants  infested  with  a  solution 
of  tobacco  water,  mixing  about 
1  oz.  of  softsoap  to  the  gallon  of  water,  and  a  lump  of  common  washing 
soda  about  the  size  of  a  cob  nut.  The  experienced  know  exactly  how 
strong  to  use  the  tobacco  water ;  about  1  quart  to  3  quarts  of  water 
will  do,  but  this  entirely  depends  upon  the  paper  used  tor  this  purpose, 
fhe  best  plan  is  to  test  its  effect  on  thrips  by  dipping  a  plant  or  an 
infested  branch,  having  the  solution  weak  enough  at  the  commencement, 
and  then  more  tobacco  water  can  be  added  until  the  requited  strength 
has  been  obtained.  It  should  not  be  used  'stronger  than  is  really  nect  s- 
8%ry  to  destroy  the  insects,  one  of  which  is  represented,  highly  magnified, 
in  the  engraving  (fig.  102},  the  line  on  the  miniature  scroll  representing 
its  natural  size. 
KTames  of  Fruits. — Notice. — We  have  pleasure  in  naming  good 
typical  fruits  (when  the  names  are  discoverable)  for  the  convenience  of 
regular  subscribers,  who  are  the  growers  of  such  fruit,  and  not  col¬ 
lectors  of  specimens  from  non-subscribers.  This  latter  procedure  is 
wholly  irregular,  and  we  trust  that  none  of  our  readers  will  allow 
themselves  to  be  made  the  mediums  in  infringing  our  rules.  Special 
attention  is  directed  to  the  following  decision,  the  object  of  which  is 
to  disconrage  tine  growth  of  inferior  and  promote  the  culture  of  superior 
varieties.  In  consequence  of  the  large  number  of  worthless  Apples  and 
Bears  sent  to  this  office  to  be  named,  it  bns  been  decided  to  name  only 
tpecwbens  and  varieties  of  approved  merit,  and  to  reject  the  inferior, 
which  are  not  worth  sending  or  grovjing.  The  names  and  addresses  of 
senders  of  fruit  or  flowers  to  be  nam(id  must  in  all  cases  be  encloaed  with 
the  specimens,  whether  letters  referring  to  the  fruit  are  sent  by  post  or 
not.  The  names  are  not  necessarily  required  for  publication,  initials 
sufficing  for  that.  Only  six  specimens  can  be  named  at  once,  and  any 
beyond  that  number  cannot  be  preserved.  They  should  be  sent  on  the 
first  indication  of  change  towards  ripening.  Dessert  Bears  camnot 
be  named  in  a  hard  green  state,  (ff.  X  ) — Beurrd  Diel.  (X  IF.  C.')  — 
1,  Emperor  Alexander  (small)  ;  2,  New  Ilawthornden  ;  3,  Unknown  and 
inferior  ;  4.  Oox’s  Orange  idppin,  (X  O'). — 1,  King  of  the  Pippins 
(superb);  2,  Lemon  Pippin  (-splendid);  3,  Grenadier;  4,  Probaoly  a 
local"  seedling ;  6,  Hoary  Morning;  6,  Not  known,  probably  loca>. 
(<?.  W."). — 1,  Barton’s  Incomparable  ;  2,  Lemon  Pippin,  highly  coloured. 
(X.  F.'). — Apples:  1,  Lord  Burleigh;  2,  Winter  Greening;  3,  Possibly 
Cellini.  Pears:  1,  Kotten  ;  2,  Beurid  d’Amanlis  ;  3,  One  of  Knight’s 
seedlings.  (IF.). — Cockle’s  Pippin. 
COVBNT  GARDEN  MARKET.— December  16th. 
FRUIT. 
''  f.  d  B.  d. 
Apple*,  J-eieve . 1  3  to  3  8 
PilbettsandOobs,perl001bs.  36  0  40  0 
Grapug,  per  lb . 0  6  16 
I  I.  d.  «. 
1  Lemons,  oase  . 11  0tol4 
I  Plums,  i  sieve  . 0  0  0 
i  3t.  Michael  Pines,  each  ,.3  0  6 
VBaBT  ABLER. 
s. 
d. 
a. 
d. 
Asparagus,  per  100  ..  .. 
0 
0 
to  0 
0 
Baaos,  2  sieve  ..  ..  .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Beet.  B^, dozen ..  ..  ,, 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Oarrots,  bunch  ..  ,,  .. 
0 
3 
0 
4 
Cauliflo  were  .dozen  . .  . . 
3 
0 
3 
0 
Celery,  bundle  ..  ..  .. 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Ooleworts,  dozen  buuobet 
8 
0 
.  4 
0 
Onoumbers,  dozen  ..  .. 
1 
0 
3 
6 
Bndive,  dozen  ..  ..  .. 
1 
3 
1 
6 
£erb8,  bunch  .. 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Leeks,  bunch  ...  .. 
0 
8 
-  0 
0 
Lettuce,  dozen . 
1 
3 
0 
0 
Mushroome,  per  ib.  ..  .. 
0  10 
1 
0 
Mustard  and  Oress,  punnet 
Onions,  bushel  ..  ..  ... 
Parsley ,  dozen  bunches  . . 
Parsnips,  dozen . 
I  Potatoes,  per  owt . 
Salsafy,  bundle  ..  ..  .. 
Seakale,  per  basket  ..  .. 
Soorzonera,  bundle  ..  .. 
.  Shallots,  per  lb . 
Spinach,  pad  . 
-  Sprouts,  half  sieve  ..  .. 
I  Tomatoes,  per  lb.  ,,  ,. 
:■  Turnips,  bonoh  ..  .. 
B  d.  a. 
0  a  to  0 
3  6  4 
3  0  3 
10  0 
3  0  4 
I  0  1 
1  6  1 
1  6  0 
0  3  0 
no  4 
1.6  1 
0  4  0 
0  3  0 
d. 
0 
0 
0 
d- 
4 
0 
0 
6 
9 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0, 
0 
9 
PLANTS  IN  POTS. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
8* 
d. 
Arbor  Vltue  (various)  doz. 
6 
Oto  36 
0 
Fious  elastics,  each  ..  .. 
1 
ti 
*0  if 
0 
Aspidistra,  dozen  ..  .. 
18 
0 
36 
0 
Foliage  plants,  var.  each 
1 
0 
6 
0 
Aspidistra,  specimen  plant 
6 
0 
10 
8 
Hyacinths  (Roman),  dozen 
Chrysanthemums,  per  doz. 
4 
0 
» 
0 
pots . 
6 
0 
8 
0 
„  per  plant 
1 
0 
3 
0 
Lycopodiums,  dozen  . .  . , 
.3 
0 
4 
0 
Cyclamen,  per  dozen .  . . 
9 
0 
18 
0 
Marguerite  Daisy ,  dozen . . 
9 
0 
12 
0 
Draomua, various,  dozen  .. 
13 
0 
30 
0 
Myrtles,  dozen  . 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Dracaana  vlridls,  dozen  .. 
8 
0 
18 
0 
Palms,  In  vai..  eaob  ..  .. 
1 
0 
16 
0 
Erica,  per  dozen . 
9 
0 
13 
0 
,,  (specimens'  .. 
*1 
0 
83 
0 
„  hyemaiis,  per  d  )zen  12 
0 
15 
0 
Poiusettia,  per  dozen. .  . . 
12 
0 
18 
0 
Euonymus.var.,  dozen  .. 
6 
0 
18 
0 
Primula  sinensis,  per  dozen 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Bvejvreens.  in  var., dozen 
6 
0 
24 
0 
Solanutns,  per  dozen  . .  . . 
12 
0 
15 
0 
Ferns  in  variety, dozen  .. 
4 
0 
18 
0 
Tulips,  dozen  pots  ..  .. 
6 
0 
■  9 
0 
Perns  (small)  per  hundred 
4 
0 
6 
0 
„  in  boxes,  per  dozen 
0 
6 
1 
0 
AVBBAGB  WHOLBSALB  PRI0B3.- 
-CUT  FLOWERS,— Orohld  Blooms 
In  vsr.etv 
d. 
8. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
H. 
d. 
Arum  Lilies,  IS  blooms  .. 
4 
0  to  8 
0 
Mignonette,  dozen  bunches 
3 
0 
to  6 
0 
Asparagus  Fern,  per  biinoh 
2 
0 
2 
6 
Mimosa  (French)  per 
Azalea,  pet  dozen  sprays  .. 
0 
8 
1 
0 
bunch . 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Bouvardias,  bunch  ..  .. 
0 
6 
0 
9 
Naroias,  White  (French), 
Carnations.  13  blooms 
1 
0 
3 
6 
dozen  bunches . . 
1 
6 
3 
0 
Christmas  Rosea,  12  blooms 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Narcifs,  Yellow  (French), 
Chrysanthemums,  oozen 
dozen  bunches  . .  . . 
2 
6 
4 
0 
bunches  . 
4 
0 
0 
0 
Orchids,  various,  per  dozen 
Chrvssnlhemums,!  2  blooms 
2 
0 
6 
0 
blo-'ms  . 
1 
6 
12 
0 
Daffodils,  dozen  b.ooms  .. 
1 
6 
2 
6 
Pelargoniums.  12  bunchep 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Bucharis, dozen  ..  ..  ., 
3 
6 
4 
0 
Pyrethrum,  dozen  buuches 
1 
6 
3 
0 
Gardenias,  dozen  ..  .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Roses  (indoor),  dozen 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Geranium,  scarlet,  doz. 
„  Tea,  white,  dozen 
1 
0 
2 
6 
hunches . 
6 
0 
9 
0 
„  Yellow,  dozen  (Niels) 
C 
0 
3 
r 
Hyacinths  (Roman)-  12 
,,  Red,  dozen  blooms  .. 
1 
0 
1 
6 
sprays,  and  per  bunch  . . 
1 
0 
1 
3 
,,  Kafmno  (English), 
Lilac,  White  (French),  per 
dozen . 
1 
0 
9 
u 
4 
6 
6 
0 
„  Pink,  per  dozen  . .  . . 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Lilium  longiflorum,  twelve 
Bmilaz,  per  bunch  . .  . . 
3 
0 
4 
0 
blooms  . 
6 
0 
8 
0 
Tuberoses.  12  blooms..  .. 
0 
6 
0 
9 
..  lanolfoHum,  13  blooms 
1 
6 
3 
0 
Tulips,  dozen  blooms  .  - . 
0 
6 
1 
6 
Dily  of  the  Valley,  128pray8, 
Violet  Pa  :me,  per  bunch  . . 
3 
0 
4 
0 
per  bunch . 
1 
0 
2 
0 
„  per  doz.  bunches  . . 
1 
6 
0 
Marvuerites,  12  bunches  .. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
„  (French),  per  dozen 
Maidenhair  Fern,  per  dozen 
buuches 
1 
6 
3 
6 
THE  BOOK  OF  THE  DAIRY. 
This  work,  by  W.  Fleischmann,  Ph.D.,  Professor  of  Agri¬ 
culture,  Konigsberg,  Prussia,  is  the  best  book  of  the  dairy  yet 
published,  and  our  hearty  thanks  are  due  to  Messrs.  Aikman  and 
Wright  for  their  capital  translation  of  the  same. 
When  we  consider  for  a  moment  what  Fleiichmann’s  name 
means,  we  cannot  be  too  grateful  to  those  who  have  placed  before 
us  his  views.  He  is  the  great  apostle  (if  one  may  so  speak)  of  dairy 
work,  and  his  books  have  been  quoted  iu  English  journals  as 
incontrovertible  ;  indeed,  one  learned  member  of  the  British  Dairy 
Farmers’  Association  spoke  of  them  as  the  books  of  the  dairy 
Bible.  The  English  editors  have  added  illustratioiis,  which  they 
hope  will  increase  the  value  of  the  book.  Pictures  always  seem  to 
clear  up  difficulties,  and  these  are  a  valuable  addition.  That  we 
wanted  some  good  dairy  literature  is  very  apparent,  for  till  just 
lately  our  dairy  industry  has  been  conducted  in  rather  a  haphazard 
style.  Oar  Government  has  been  rather  behind  that  of  other 
countries  in  helping  forward  this  work,  and  now,  even  when  our 
great  men  have  awakened  to  the  necessity  of  doing  something  in  the 
way  of  schools  and  colleges,  we  get  more  sympathy  than  money. 
So  long  as  we  could  make  money  oat  of  Wheat  growing  we 
paid  little  or  no  attention  to  the  milk  pail  or  churn:  now,  alas  1 
that  industry  failing,  we  must  try  to  reduce  our  foreign  debt,  or 
rather  bill.  It  seems  a  grievous  pity  to  let  £20^000,000  per  annum 
go  out  of  our  pockets  for  dairy  produce,  when  we  might  at  least  keep 
the  greater  part  of  it  at  home.  We  have  about  4.000,0' 10  cows  and 
heifers  in  the  United  Kingdom,  and  how  to  make  the  very  best  of 
their  produce  we  want  to  know.  Tnere  is  a  great  deal  of  scientific 
information  in  this  work,  which  is  perhaps  beyond  the  capacity 
of  the  ordinary  dairyman,  but  along  with  science  there  is  so  much 
practical  advice  given  in  such  simp'e  English,  “  that  he  who  runs 
may  read.” 
What  is  milk  ?  is  the  first  question  treated.  Then  comes  the 
