July  IS,  1887. 
JOURNAL  OR  mRTlOtTLTVRR  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER, 
43 
Gordon,  George,  Endsleigh,  Priory  Park,  Kew. 
Heal,  John,  10,  Masgrove  Crescent,  Fulham,  S.W. 
Henslow,  Rev.  George,  M.A.,  F.L.S.,  &c.,  Drayton  House,  Ealing. 
Herbst,  H.,  Stanmore,  Kew  Road,  Richmond. 
Hole,  The  Very  Rev.  S.  Reynolds,  Dean  of  Rochester. 
Hooker,  Sir  Joseph  Dalton,  M.D.,  K.C.S.L,  G.C.S.I.,  P.R.S.,  Sunning- 
dale,  Berks. 
Horner,  Rev.  F.  D.,  Kirkby-in-Lonsdale. 
Hudson,  James,  Gunnersbury  House  Gardens,  Acton,  W. 
Jekyll,  Misi  Gertrude,  Munatead  Wood,  Godaiming. 
Kay,  Peter,  Claigmar,  Finchley,  N. 
Laing,  John,  Forest  Hill,  S.E. 
Maries,  Charles,  F.L.8,,  The  Residency,  Gwalior,  Morar,  India. 
Mclndoe,  James,  Hutton  Hall  Gardens,  Guisborough. 
Milner,  Henry  Ernest,  F.L  S.,  Dulwich  Wool,  Norwood,  S.E. 
Molyneux,  Edwin,  Swanmore  Park  Gardens,  Bishop’s  Waltham. 
Monro,  George,  Covent  Garden. 
Moore,  Fred.  W.,  A.L.S,,  Royal  Botanic  Gardens,  Glasnevin. 
Morris,  Dr.  Daniel,  M.A.,  C.M.G.,  D.Sc.,  F.L.S.,  Royal  Gardens,  Kew. 
Nicholson,  George,  A.L.S.,  Royal  Gardens,  Kew. 
O’Brien,  James,  Harrow-on-the-Hill. 
Paul,  George,  The  Old  Nurseries,  Cheshunt. 
Paul,  William,  F.L  S.,  Waltham  Cross. 
Rivers,  T.  Francitf.  Sawbridgeworth. 
Rothschild,  Hon.  Walter,  148,  Piccadilly,  W. 
Sander,  Frederick,  St  Albans. 
Schroler,  Baron,  The  Dell,  Staines. 
Seden,  John,  Middle  Green,  Langley. 
Sherwood,  N.  N.,  Dunedin.  Streatham  Hill,  S.W, 
Smith,  James,  Mentmore  Gardens,  Leighton  Buzzard. 
Smith,  Martin  R.,  Hayes  Common,  Beckenham. 
Speed,  W,,  Penrhyn  Castle  Gardens. 
Sutton,  Arthur  W.,  F  L  S.,  Reading. 
Thomas,  Owen,  Royal  Gardens,  Windsor. 
Thomson,  David,  late  of  Dmmlanrig,  N.B. 
Thompson,  William,  Ipswich. 
Turner,  H..  Slough. 
Willmott,  Miss  Ellen,  Warley  Place,  Great  Warley,  Essex. 
Wilson,  George  F.,  F.R.S  ,  F  L.S.,  &c.,  Heatherbank,  Weybridge  Heath. 
Wolley-Dod,  Rev.  C.,  Edge  Hall,  Malpas,  Cheshire. 
Wright,  John,  Rose  Hill  Road,  Wandsworth. 
Wythes,  George,  Syon  House  Gardens,  Brentford. 
JUBILEE  EEFLECTIONS. 
Founders  ov  Our  Faith.’ 
{^Concluded  from  page  2.) 
There  is  no  more  honoured  name  in  the  annals  of  scientific 
horticulture  than  that  of  Sir  Joseph  Banks,  who,  like  the  illustrious 
Swede,  L’nnseus,  early  in  life  became  the  devotee  of  our  imperious 
mistress — Nature.  Like,  and  unlike,  for  whilst  the  latter  in  early 
life  wrestled  with  poverty,  young  Banks  was  born  with  the 
proverbial  silver  spoon  with  which  to  sip  the  sweets  presented  by 
affluent  circumstances.  In  1743  the  subject  of  our  brief  sketch 
first  saw  the  light,  and  the  death  of  his  father  whilst  he,  the  eldest 
son,  was  yet  a  youth  brought  changes  which  resulted  in  the  family 
estate  of  Revesby  in  Lincolnshire  being  given  up,  the  widowed 
mother  with  her  family  removing  to  Chelsea.  No  happier  choice 
of  a  residence  could  have  been  made  to  foster  the  love  of  that 
particular  study  so  early  displayed  by  this  eminent  man  ;  Chelsea 
and  the  neighbolirhood,  it  need  scarcely  bs  remarked,  affording 
great  facilities  to  the  young  student,  being  then  famous  for  its 
scientific  gardens,  including  that  of  Sir  Hans  Sloane. 
Having  here  introduced  the  name  of  this  distinguished  man — 
Sir  Hans  Sloane — who  died  in  1752,  at  the  time  when  young  Banks 
had  only  attained  his  ninth  year,  we  may,  by  reason  of  the 
undoubted  infiueuce  his  life  and  labours  exercised  over  him,  and  of 
which  his — Sir  Joseph’s — life  was  in  many  ways  a  replica,  digress 
with  a  few  details.  In  the  highest  rank  as  a  physician  and 
naturalist,  Sir  Hans,  as  a  boy,  showed  a  remarkable  propensity  for 
the  study  of  those  subjects  which  brought  to  him  honour  and 
length  of  days.  Born  in  1660,  he  was  created  a  Baronet  by 
George  I.  in  1716,  and  in  1727  succeeded  Sir  Isaac  Newton  as 
President  of  the  Royal  Society,  resigning  this  post  in  his  eightieth 
year.  From  his  marvellous  collections,  which  were  at  his  death 
accepted  by  Parliament  for  the  nation  conditionally  upon  his  family 
receiving  the  sum  of  £20,000,  which  had,  indeed,  cost  him  some 
£50,000  in  forming,  originates  the  British  Museum.  The  whole 
career  of  Sir  Hans  Sloane  marks  him  a  man  of  high  moral  principle, 
and  his  rigid  adherence  to  a  temperate  life  which  overcame  a 
constitutional  delicacy  evidenced  in  his  youth  also  preserved  a 
noble  intellect  clear  and  bright  to  the  end,  which  came  in  his 
ninety-second  year. 
How  peculiarly  fascinating  the  study  of  Nature  must  have  been 
to  the  young  gentleman,  to  whom  we  now  return,  it  is  easier  to 
conceive  by  observing  that  neither  fashion  nor  fortune,  he  being 
possessed  of  ample  means,  which,  eventually,  were  chiefly  devoted 
to  the  ruling  passion  of  his  life,  could  lure  him  from  his  early  love. 
On  coming  of  age  a  voyage  was  made  to  the  then  little  known 
Newfoundland  and  Labrador  coasts,  and  a  valuable  collection  of 
plants,  insects,  and  other  natural  productions  was  made  and  brought 
home,  this  being  the  first  practical  work  of  our  young  enthusiast, 
who  was  soon  to  engage  in  more  extended  research. 
There  is,  I  fear,  some  little  danger  of  the  rising  generation 
taking  rather  a  commonplace  view  of  the  travels  of  our  great 
pioneer  naturalists,  viewing  them  in  the  strong  light  the  latter 
days  of  our  good  Queen’s  reign  now  shed  upon  distant  scenes.  It 
would  not,  I  think,  be  wasted  time  if  our  young  gardener  would 
follow  intently  the  tracks  of  these  travellers  ;  those,  for  instance, 
of  the  great  circumnavigator.  Captain  Cook,  upon  his  wonderful 
journeys.  I,  at  least,  found  “Cook’s  Voyages’’  intensely  inter¬ 
esting  at  that  period  of  my  life.  Such  would,  moreover,  convey  a 
clearer  idea  of  that  dauntless  character,  which  neither  dangers  nor 
difficulties,  now  all  but  disappeared,  could  dissipate.  We  may  now 
couple  the  name  of  our  young  naturalist  with  that  of  this  famed 
explorer,  who  was  sent  out  to  the  Pacific  to  obierve  the  transit  of 
Venus,  and  make  a  voyage  of  general  discovery.  Mr.  Banks  not 
only  accompanied  him  on  this,  a  three-years  voyage,  but  we  find 
him  sparing  neither  pains  nor  expense  to  make  the  self-imposed 
mission  a  complete  success.  To ,  this  end  he  engaged  skilled 
draughtsmen  to  aid  his  own  efforts,  and  secured  the  services  of 
Dr.  Solauder,  a  pupil  of  Linnaeus,  to  the  great  advantage  of  this 
phase  of  the  enterprise. 
At  this  period  may  be  noted  a  friendly  rivalry  among  the 
nations  of  Europe  to  further  the  cause  of  science,  similar  expedi¬ 
tions  being  despatched  contemporaneously  by  the  Empress 
Catherine  of  Russia  and  King  Louis  of  France.  Banks  brought 
home  a  splendid  collection  of  specimens,  including  a  number  from 
Otaheite,  where,  eventually,  the  intrepid  seaman.  Cook,  laid  down 
his  life  in  the  great  cause,  also  from  New  Zealand  and  Australia. 
After  this  voyage,  in  1772,  Mr.  Banks  sailed  at  his  own  expense  to 
Iceland,  accompanied  by  Solander,  Dr.  Lind,  and  Von  Troil,  where 
two  months  were  spent  among  the  volcanoes.  In  1777  Mr.  Banks 
was  elected  President  of  the  Royal  Society,  holding  that  position 
for  over  forty  years.  In  1781  a  Baronetcy  was  conferred  upon 
him,  and  further  honours  rewarded  his  assiduous  labours  by  his 
being  invested  with  the  Order  of  the  Bath  in  1795,  two  years  after 
being  sworn  in  as  a  member  of  His  Majesty’s  Privy  Council. 
Sir  Joseph  took  a  leading  part  in  the  management  of  the  Royal 
Gardens  at  Kew,  and  promoted  the  interests  of  the  Horticultural 
Society,  founded  in  1804.  In  his  private  life  oar  great  country¬ 
man  is  conspicuous  by  a  highmindedness  which  sunk  all  petty 
considerations  and  jealousies,  whose  stings  his  eminent  services  did 
not  exempt  him  from  being  the  butt  of  during  his  active  labours 
to  advance  the  object  of  his  life,  independent  of  p  irty  feeling  at 
home  or  national  contention  abroaJ  He  finally  gained  the 
unqualified  admiration  and  recognition  of  his  learned  contempo¬ 
raries  of  all  countries  and  creeds. 
Indelibly  engraved  upon  the  roll  of  honour  connected  with  our 
subject  are  various  illustrious  names — men  who  have  here  and 
there  taken  up  the  tangled  web  to  patiently  unravel  it  for  our 
benefit.  Only  a  few  can  be  included  here.  Amongst  these  we  may 
note  Auguste  Py ramus  de  Candolle,  who,  born  at  Geneva  in  1788, 
was  early  inspired  with  the  love  of  botanical  research.  The  later 
part  of  his  life  was  devoted  to  an  attempt  to  simplify  the 
classification  of  plants,  which  work,  continued  by  his  son,  brings  us 
down  to  modern  times.  Prior  to  this  Antoine  Laurent  de  J ussieu, 
born  in  1748,  was  engaged  upon  similar  work,  and  the  combined 
^orts  of  these  savants  have  given  great  and  lasting  results.  So 
many  of  these  names  emphasise  what  has  been  previously  men¬ 
tioned — viz.,  that  intimate  relationship  of  the  study  of  medicine 
with  that  of  plants.  Another  example  of  this  is  furnished  by  the 
learned  Sprengel,  a  leading  physician  and  botanist  of  the  last  and 
present  century.  Previous  to  his  death  in  1833,  upwards  of 
seventy  learned  societies  and  academies  had  sent  him  their  honorary 
diplomas,  and  several  ruling  monarchs  conferred  upon  him  orders 
of  distinction.  This  not  only  shows  the  importance  with  which 
the  work  we  must  be  more  or  less  interested  in  was  regarded,  but 
speaks  volumes  for  those  who  delighted  to  honour  men  who  from 
the  very  nature  of  their  work  were  probably  the  last  to  seek  it. 
There  are  no  young  thinkers  and  readers  of  to-day  who  can 
fail  to  be  acquainted  in  a  measure  with  the  lives  and  labours  of  men 
of  our  own  times,  but  they — we  all  do,  perhaps — lightly  estimate 
the  riches  of  literature  spread  around  us  in  such  profusion.  We 
take  such  things  as  a  matter  of  course,  although  they  are,  we  may 
admit,  a  consequence  of  progress  under  our  good  Queen.  In  our 
J  ubilee  reflections  (horticultural  reflections)  it  most  be  a  matter  of 
pride  and  of  pleasure  to  think  and  to  know  that,  as  directly  con¬ 
cerning  us,  all  is  not  fleeting.  Flower  shows  are  fleeting,  we  do 
not  disparage  their  educational  value  in  saying  so.  Vast  indeed  is 
