76 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER. 
July  22,1897 
Sheffield  Chrysanthemum  Society. 
The  usual  monthly  meeting  was  held  on  the  14th  inst.  in  the 
Society’s  rooms.  Mr.  J.  Haigh  was  elected  to  the  chair,  when  a  paper 
was  read  by  Mr.  Thos.  Gartery  of  Rotherham,  on  the  Tomato.  It  was 
a  very  interesting  and  instructive  one,  commencing  with  a  few  general 
remarks  having  reference  to  its  names,  date  of  introduction,  medicinal 
qualities,  methods  of  cooking,  its  uses  for  decorative  purposes.  He  then 
fully  explained  his  method  of  cultivation,  beginning  with  the  sowing  of 
the  seed,  treatment  of  young  plants,  methods  of  planting  in  pots  and 
boxes,  watering,  feeding,  and  concluding  with  the  general  management 
of  mature  fruit-bearing  plants.  Messrs.  Marshall,  Scott,  Slaney,  Winter, 
Hannah,  and  Morton,  professional  growers,  either  joined  in  the  discus¬ 
sion  that  followed,  or  added  to  the  information  previously  given. 
The  professional  members  competed  for  prizes  with  pot  plants  in 
bloom,  amongst  which  were  some  good  Gloxinias  ;  the  awards  being  to 
Messrs.  C.  Scott,  T.  Morton,  and  S.  Lomas  for  first,  secondj  and  third 
prizes  respectively.  The  amateur  section  exhibited  cut  blooms  which 
contained  Stephanotia,  Gannas,  Liliums,  Gloxinias,  and  Roses.  Messrs. 
P.  Cox,  W.  Willgoose,  and  Mr.  W.  H.:  Willford  were  successful  in  the 
order  in  which  their  names  are  given.  A  vote  of  thanks  to  Mr.  T. 
Gartery  for  his  excellent  paper,  and  one  to  the  Chairman,  concluded  the 
meeting. 
Chrysanthemums  in  April. 
Chrysanthemum  shows  of  1897  in  Australia  have  just  passed 
(May),  and  as  I  have  had  an  opportunity  of  visiting  many  of  the  leading 
competitions  in  this  Colony,  a  few  notes  may  be  interesting. 
The  Best  Twelve  Japanese  Blooms.— These  were  selected  at 
ten  shows,  where  there  was  good  competition,  with  the  result  that 
120  blooms  were  taken  from  thirty-seven  varieties,  ten  of  which  were 
raised  in  Victoria,  and  in  a  few  instances  the  first  time  exhibited. 
The  following  are  placed  as  nearly  as  possible  in  “  the  order  of 
merit:” — Madame  Carnot,  Viviand  Morel,  Chas.  Davis,  Robt.  Owen, 
Mons.  Panckoucke,  Mdlle.  Thdr^se  Rey,  Niveus,  Good  Gracious,  Golden 
Gate,  H.  L.  Sunder brnck,  Mrs.  H.  B.  Higgins,  Etoile  de  Lyon,  The 
Convention,  The  Wonderful,  Euterpe,  Mrs,  G.  Gunn,  William  Seward, 
Philadelphia,  Rose  Wynne,  L,  Cartelidge,  E.  Molyneux,  Col.  Smith, 
Silver  King,  Viscountess  Hambledon,  Duchess  of  York,  Miss  Nellie 
Pockett,  BufiE  Globe,  Pallanza,  Abb6  Mendenhall,  Mutual  Friend,  Glen 
Eira,  John  Pockett,  Lord  Brassey,  Eva  Knowles,  R.  C.  Kingston, 
Nyanza,  and  Amiral  Avellan  (of  course  the  newer  varieties  are  to  a 
disadvantage  on  account  of  their  not  being  grown  by  most  of  the 
exhibitors). 
The  neighbourhood  of  Malvern  (Australia)  has  not  been  so  favour¬ 
able  this  season  for  developing  colours,  the  wood  not  being  so  well 
matured^  as  usual,  probably  owing  to  more  than  the  average  amount  of 
rain  falling  when  the  plants  were  making  the  last  growth  previous  to 
forming  buds. 
Saving  Seed. — To  those  contemplating  saving  seed  it  may  not  be 
generally  known  that  by  saving  from  one  plant  (provided  it  has  been 
fertilised  with  other  varieties)  nearly  all  the  colours  can  be  obtained 
that  are  known  in  Chrysanthemums,  although  one  colour  will  generally 
predominate.  The  variety  for  bearing  seed  should  always  be  carefully 
selected,  as  some  varieties  have  a  tendency  to  give  the  greatest  rubbish 
imaginable,  while  others  produce  a  good  average  of  promising  sorts. 
The  worst  of  all  that  I  know  for  seeding  are  the  hirsute  varieties.  I 
have  never,  with  one  exception,  obtained  anything  meritorious  out  of 
the  hundreds  of  seedlings  raised  from  that  type,  although  one  really 
good  was  raised  here,  and  is  known  by  the  name  of  Australian  Belle.  I 
understand  it  will  be  sent  out  this  season. 
A  correspondent  of  the  Journal  of  Horticulture  some  time  back 
wished  to  know  of  any  sports  that  originated  during  the  last  year  or 
two.  Sports  here  this  season  have  not  been  very  numerous.  There 
have  been  several  of  the  Queen  family,  but  none,  so  far  as  I  know,  of 
special  merit. 
Pride  of  Madford  Sport.— I  mentioned  this  last  year,  and  I  am 
able  to  say  it  is  now  fixed.  The  colour  is  chestnut  crimson,  reverse  of 
petals  lined  and  tipped  with  gold.  It  is  named  Pride  of  Stokell,  as  it 
originated  in  the  gardens  of  Mr.  S.  Armstrong,  Stokell,  Malvern,  Mr.  F. 
IJpton  being  the  gardener. 
I  am  sending  photographs.  The  small  one  represents  a  bed  of  Chrysan¬ 
themums.  The  plants  are  about  1  foot  9  inches  apart  in  the  rows,  and 
the  rows  about  2  feet  6  inches  asunder.  Each  plant  has  about  seven  or 
eight  shoots  supported  to  one  stake,  which  is  completely  hidden  with 
the  foliage.  They  are  disbudded  until  the  florets  show  colour,  and  then 
any  lateral  shoots  that  may  start  are  allowed  to  remain  for  later  flowers, 
which,  although  much  smaller,  produce  a  very  good  eflect. 
The  larger  photo  shows  plants  grown  in  a  more  natural  way  ;  they 
are  about  3  feet  apart,  one  stake  being  used  for  each  plant,  and  four  to 
•ight  shoots  tied  to  each  stake.  They  are  then  allowed  to  make  the 
flowering  break  without  tying.  The  colours  of  the  blooms  are  really 
good,  and  by  not  forcing  them  to  the  same  extent  as  the  others  the 
flowers  last  much  longer.  —  Thos.  W.  POCKETT,  Curator,  Public 
Gardens,  Malvern,  Auitralia. 
[We  are  very  much  obliged  to  our  correspondent  for  his  interesting 
communication,  and  for  the  April  scene  represented  in  fig.  12.] 
HAREWOOD  HOUSE. 
Situated  in  one  of  the  most  picturesque  dales  in  Yorkshire,  eight 
miles  from  Leeds,  on  a  commanding  eminence,  stands  Harewood  House, 
the  seat  of  the  Earl  of  Harewood.  The  park  is  1800  acres  in  extent,  and 
within  stands  the  dismantled  Castle  of  Harewood,  built  in  the  reign  of 
Edward  I.  by  the  De  Lisles.  It  is  said  to  have  suffered  considerably 
during  the  civil  wars.  But  Sir  John  Cutler,  who  held  the  lands  of 
Harewood,  and  lived  at  Gawthorpe  Hall,  used  a  considerable  quantity 
of  the  stone  for  the  building  and  repairing  of  farmhouses.  The  palatial 
.  Harewood  House  was  begun  in  1759  by  the  first  Lord  Harewood  and 
completed  in  1771,  when  the  old  Gawthorpe  Hall,  which  stood  close  to 
the  site  of  the  modern  mansion,  was  pulled  down.  This  was  for  several 
centuries  the  seat  of  the  knightly  families  of  Gascoigne,  Redmayne, 
and  Cutler,  whose  tombs  are  now  within  the  ancient  church  of  Harewood, 
standing  at  a  short  distance  from  the  house.  Within  this  church  is  the 
tomb  of  the  celebrated  Lord  Chief  Justice  Gascoigne  and  his  lady  ;  he 
it  was  who,  fearless  in  the  discharge  of  his  duties,  committed  the  Prince 
of  Wales,  afterwards  Henry  V.,  to  prison  for  contempt  of  court. 
The  park  is  entered  from  the  village  by  a  superb  arched  gateway 
with  two  dwellings.  It  is  in  the  Doric  order,  and  has  eight  columns 
20  feet  high,  17  feet  of  which  is  solid  stone.  It  is  supposed  to  be  one 
of  the  most  imposing  entrance  gates  in  the  kingdom  ;  the  first  stone  was 
laid  in  1801. 
The  house  is  a  fine  specimen  of  Corinthian  architecture.  The  length, 
with  wings,  is  249  feet,  the  width  85  feet,  and  the  height  62  feet.  In 
the  centre  is  a  handsome  pediment  supported  by  six  three-quarter 
Corinthian  columns  35  feet  high..  The  family  of  Lascelles,  according  to 
Burke,  are  descended  from  John  de  Lascelles  of  Hinderskelfe  (now 
Castle  Howard),  living  in  1315  A  D,  The  estates  of  Harewood,  which 
are  about  30,000  acres  in  Yorkshire,  were  acquired  by  purchase  early  in 
the  eighteenth  century  by  Henry  Lascelles,  Esq.,  whose  son  was  created 
Baron  Harewood  of  Harewood  Castle. 
The  terrace  at  Harewood  is  about  350  feet  in  length.  There  are  five 
fountains,  two  of  which  are  in  a  line  with  the  house,  the  others  being 
on  the  second  terrace,  by  which  we  descend  by  stone  steps.  It  is  laid 
out  with  geometrical  beds,  and  is  bounded  from  the  park  by  a  high 
balustraded  wall.  Within  the  pleasure  ground  is  a  lake  of  60  acres  fed 
by  a  grand  cascade  falling  about  30  feet;  The  margin  of  the  lake  is 
fringed  by  Water  Lilies  and  Nelumbiums,  and  running  around  the  out¬ 
side  walls  of  the  kitchen  gardens  facing  the  lake  is  a  wide  herbaceous 
border  three-quarters  of  a  mile  in  length,  filled  with  a  choice  selection 
of  all  that  is  useful,  beautiful,  and  interesting. 
The  kitchen  gardens  are  7  acres  in  extent.  Many  of  the  wall  trees 
are  young,  having  taken  the  place  of  worn-out  specimens,  for  Mr. 
Jeffrey,  the.head  gardener,  has,  during  the  five  years  he  has  been  here, 
gradually  renovated  the  fruit  department.  A  north  wall  is  covered 
entirely  with  Morello  Cherries,  and  in  one  corner,  between  the  south  and 
east  walls,  is  an  ancient  Mulberry  planted  in  1769.  A  wall  with  an  eastern 
aspect,  formerly  occupied  by  Plums,  is  now  being  covered  with  Sweet 
Cherries,  which  are  doing  well.  Another  wall  with  a  southern  aspect, 
used  as  a  Peach  wall,  is  now  being  covered  with  thriving  young  trees  of 
dessert  Pears  and  Apricots.  The  vegetable  quarters  bespeak  at  once  the 
impress  of  a  master  hand,  and  the  supply  of  a  nobleman’s  household  in 
the  abundance,  quality,  and  perfect  cleanliness  of  the  whole. 
The  glass  houses  are  fifteen  in  number,  in  two  continuous  ranges 
facing  south,  with  a  frame  ground  between.  The  first  house  to  enter  is 
a  large  vinery,  60  feet  long  by  25  feet  in  breadth,  length  of  rafter  36  feet. 
Here  is  the  famous  Canon  Hall  Muscat  Vine.  It  is  planted  in  the 
outside  border,  and  covers  the  entire  roof  of  the  house,  and  is  bearing 
at  present  120  bunches  averaging  2  lbs.  each,  over  500  bunches  having 
been  removed.  The  whole  of  the  wood  is  not  more  than  four  years  old, 
the  old  rods  running  vertically  from  horizontal  limbs  on  each  side  of 
the  main  stem.  The  next  vinery  is  of  the  same  dimensions  as  the  first, 
and  contained  a  grand  crop,  both  in  size  of  bunch  and  berry  and 
colour,  of  Black  Hamburgh.  Two  Vines  of  Muscat  Hamburgh,  perfect 
in  finish,  are  in  this  house.  Thin-skinned  Grapes  are  only  used  at 
Harewood.  The  next  vinery  was  also  of  Black  Hamburgh. 
In  this  range  is  also  a  Cuonmber  house,  in  which  on  iron  supports 
had  been  trained  Sutton’s  Climbing  French  Bean.  Mr.  Jeffrey  speaks 
highly  of  it  for  forcing  and  flavour.  A  house  containing  Tomatoes  in 
pots,  which  had  good  crops,  some  fruit  ripe,  the  varieties  being  Perfec¬ 
tion  and  Ham  Green  Favourite.  There  are  also  two  Fig  houses 
containing  such  varieties  as  White  Ischia,  Brown  Turkey,  and  White 
Marseilles. 
The  other  range  of  houses  are  principally  devoted  to  plants,  bnt 
in  this  range  is  also  a  vinery,  mostly  of  Black  Alicante  with  a  rod  or 
two  of  Lady  Downe’s,  but  this  latter  is 'not  at  all  popular.  Another 
house  was  planted  with  Tomatoes,  and  one  had  a  crop  of  Melons,  but 
these  are  not  in  much  request  at  Harewood.  Several  of  the  plant  houses 
here  are  to  have  new  roofs ;  one  is  to  be  made  into  a  loftier  structure,  and 
