July  S9,  1897. 
Ill 
JOURN'AL  OR  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER. 
Cockscomb  Plant  Diseased  (6’.  JB.). — The  plant  is  perfectly 
healthy  at  the  roots,  hot  infested  in  the  leaves  and  “  comb  ”  by  a  minvte 
insect  or  rather  mite,  which  affects  Pelargoniums,  especially  Ivy-leaved 
and  Zonal,  and  is  a  very  malignant  pest  on  Begonias,  Gesneras, 
and  Gloxinias.  It  is  somewhat  difficult  to  find,  but  its  bite  appears  to 
be  very  poisonous  or  injurious,  as  the  attacked  foliage  becomes  rusted 
and  browned,  as  if  injured  by  some  corrosive  substance,  and  Begonias 
oftentimes  cast  their  leaves  altogether,  especially  tuberous-rooted. 
There  is  no  preventive  or  remedy  but  frequent  fumigation  with  tobacco 
paper,  or  vaporisation  with  nicotine  essence.  Of  course  insecticides  in 
the  form  of  washes  are  equally  effective,  but  you  must  know  what  effect 
these  have  on  hairy-leaved  plants,  and  exercise  judgment  accordingly. 
Tomato  Frulta  Blaeased  (^F,  J.'). — The  fruit  are  affected  with 
“  spot,”  “  blotch,”  “  black  stripe,”  or  Tomato  rot,  which  we  are  now 
in  a  position  to  say  is  the  fungus  known  to  botanists  as  Macrosporium 
tomati.  The  malady  usually  becomes  first  noticeable  when  the  fruit 
is  about  half  grown,  appearing  at  the  blossom  end,  commonly  as  a 
depressed  blister,  due  to  scorching  ;  but  oftentimes  the  disease  appears 
earlier  as  a  small  blackish  spot  or  stripe,  which  increases  in  size  as  the 
affected  Tomato  develops.  The  flesh  beneath  the  spot  is  destroyed  by 
the  fungus,  causing  the  fruit  to  become  flat  on  the  top,  and  the  inside 
of  the  Tomato  is  blackened,  some  of  the  seeds  destroyed,  others  only 
partially  so.  In  some  cases,  and  always  ultimately,  the  fungus  involves 
the  interior  of  the  fruit  entirely,  producing  a  shrivelling  and  blackening, 
and  finally  a  rotting.  Now  as  to  preventive  measurea — (a)  Use 
thoroughly  decayed  manure,  if  any,  for  enriching  the  soil,  and  use 
”  artificials  ”  supplying  a  large  per-centage  of  lime,  preferably  free 
basic  slag  phospnate.  (ft)  Have  the  soil  firm,  so  as  to  induce  a  sturdy 
habit,  (o')  Give  the  plants  plenty  of  light  and  air  from  the  time  of 
seedlings  appearing  above  the  soil,  (d)  Admit  air  day  and  night,  so 
that  the  plants  and  fruits  may  dry  quickly,  if  syringed,  and  moisture 
not  be  deposited,  (e)  Paint  the  hot-water  pipes  thinly  with  a  cream 
formed  of  flowers  of  sulphur  and  skim  milk,  and  occasionally  heat  them 
to  over  ITO",  so  as  to  give  off  fumes,  never  being  afraid  to  have  a  little 
warmth  in  them  in  dull  weather  or  when  needful  to  keep  the  air  of  the 
house  in  motion.  (/)  Avoid  straw  or  partially  decayed  stable  or  farm¬ 
yard  manure  as  a  mulch,  employing  a  little  air-slaked  best  chalk  lime, 
about  7  lbs.  per  rod  as  a  top-dressing,  (y)  Dust  the  plants  as  soon  as 
they  show’  flower  with  some  preparation  of  sulphate  of  copper  in 
powder,  this  containing  10  per  cent,  of  sulphate  of  copper.  Apply  with 
a  bellows  apparatus  in  as  fine  and  light  a  manner  as  possible,  and  keep 
coated  as  new  growths  and  trusses  are  made,  (ft)  Grow  the  less 
improved  corrugated  varieties,  or  the  small  Cherry  and  Plum  sorts,  as 
they  are  the  most  exempt  from  the  disease.  Do  not  save  seed  from 
diseased  fruits.  We  attribute  your  attack  by  the  fungus  to  the  mulching 
with  farmyard  manure  six  weeks  ago.  Apply  some  lime  or  basic  slag 
phosphate. 
xrames  of  Plants. — We  only  undertake  to  name  species  of  plants, 
not  varieties  that  have  originated  from  seeds  and  termed  florists’  flowers. 
Flowering  specimens  are  necessary  of  flowering  plants,  and  Fern  fronds 
should  bear  spores.  Specimens  should  arrive  in  a  fresh  state  in  firm 
boxes.  Slightly  damp  moss,  soft  green  grass,  or  leaves  form  the  best 
packing,  dry  wool  the  worst.  Not  more  than  six  specimens  can  be  named 
at  once,  and  the  numbers  should  be  visible  without  untying  the  ligatures, 
it  being  often  difficult  to  separate  them  when  the  paper  is  damp. 
(A.  M.  3[,). — Bpidendrum  nemorale.  (AT.  W.  G.). — 1,  Lychnis  chalce- 
doniea  ;  2,  Budbeckia  laciniata  ;  3,  Erigeron  speciosus  ;  4,  Chrysan¬ 
themum  maximum  ;  5,  C.  segetum  ;  6,  a  variety  of  Aerides  odorata. 
(A.  F.  R.}. — The  Iris  is  a  charming  form  of  I.  longipetala,  which  varies 
much  in  size  and  colouration.  (J.  Af.). — 1,  Galega  officinalis  alba  ; 
2,  Tradescantia  virginica  ;  3,  Polygonum  brunonis  ;  4,  Ruta  graveolens  ; 
5,  Lysimachia  nummularia  ;  6,  Lilium  davuricum.  {J.  E.  M.). — 
2,  Phlebodium  aureum ;  3,  Asparagus  deflexus  ;  4,  A.  plumosus  nana  ; 
the  others  are  quite  insufficient  for  identification  j  the  Grape  appears  to 
be  White  Frontignan.  (J.  E.'). — The  flower  is  of  Alstibmeria  auran- 
tiaca  ;  possibly  the  leaf  is  Strelitzia  reginse.  (^G,  F.). — Lselia  crispa. 
(<S.  X).— Nymphaea  coerulea. 
COVENT  GARDEN  MARKET.— July  28x11. 
FRUIT. 
8.  d. 
8.  d. 
8.  d. 
8.  d. 
Apples,  4  sieve  ... 
•  •  • 
1  9  to  3  0 
Lemons,  case  . 
• « • 
11  0tol4  0 
Currants,  Black,  half 
•  •• 
7  6 
0  0 
Raspberries,  tub,  £34  to  £35 
„  Red,  half  ... 
•  •• 
3  6 
4  0 
St.  Michael’s  Pines, 
each 
3  0 
8  0 
Filberts  and  Cobs, 
100 
lbs. 
0  0 
0  0 
StrawberrieB,  per  lb.... 
•  •• 
0  0 
0  0 
Grapes,  lb . 
•  •  • 
•  •• 
0  8 
2  0 
VEGETABLES. 
8.  d. 
s.  d. 
8.  d. 
8.  d. 
Asparagus,  per  lOO 
•  •• 
••• 
0  0  to  0  0 
Mustard  and  Cress,  punnet 
0  2  to  0  4 
Beans,  4  sieve  ... 
««  • 
•  •• 
0  0 
0  0 
Onions,  bushel . 
•  •  • 
8  6 
4  0 
Beet,  Red,  doz  ... 
•  •  • 
•  •• 
1  0 
0  0 
Parsley,  doz.  bnchs  ... 
2  0 
3  0 
Carrots,  bunch  ... 
•  t  • 
•  •• 
0  3 
0  4 
Parsnips,  doz  . 
•  •• 
1  0 
0  0 
Cauliflowers,  doz. 
•  •  • 
• « • 
2  0 
3  0 
Potatoes,  cwt . 
2  0 
4  0 
Celery,  bundle  ... 
•  •• 
•  •  • 
1  0 
0  0 
Salsafy,  bundle . 
1  0 
0  0 
Coleworts,  doz.  bnchs. 
•  •• 
2  0 
4  0 
Seakale,  basket . 
•  •  • 
1  6 
1  9 
Cucumbers . 
•  •  • 
» •  • 
0  4 
0  8 
Scorzonera,  bundle  ... 
1  6 
0  0 
Endive,  doz. 
•  •• 
•  •• 
1  3 
1  6 
Shallots,  lb . 
•  •• 
0  3 
0  0 
Herbs,  bunch  ... 
•  •• 
0  3 
0  0 
Spinach,  pad  . 
•  •• 
0  0 
0  4 
Leeks,  bunch  ... 
•  •• 
0  2 
0  0 
Sprouts,  4  sieve . 
•  •• 
1  6 
1  9 
Lettuce,  doz.  ... 
•  •• 
•  •• 
1  3 
0  0 
Tomatoes,  lb . 
•  •• 
0  4 
0  0 
Mushrooms,  lb. ... 
•  •• 
••• 
0  6 
0  8 
Turnips,  bunch ... 
••• 
0  8 
0  0 
PLANTS  IN  POTS. 
Arbor  'Vitoj,  var.  doz. 
Aspidistra,  doz . 
Aspidistra,  specimen 
Calceolarias,  doz . 
Campanula,  per  doz . 
Cockscombs,  per  doz . 
Coleus,  doz . 
Dracaena,  var.,  doz . 
Dracaena,  viridis,  doz. 
Euonymus,  var.,  dozen  .. 
Evergreens,  var.,  doz. 
Ferns,  var.,  doz . 
Ferns,  small,  100  . 
Ficus  elastica,  each  ... 
Foliage  plants,  var.,  each 
AVERAGE  WHOLESALE 
Arum  Lilies,  12  blooms  ... 
Asparagus  Fern,  bunch  ... 
Asters  (French)  per  buch. 
Bouvardias,  bunch  . 
Carnations,  12  blooms 
Cornflower,  doz.  bnchs.  ... 
Eucharis,  doz . 
Gardenias,  doz . 
Geranium,  scarlet,  doz. 
bnchs.  ...  ...  ...  ... 
Gladioli,  doz.  bnchs. 
Lavender,  doz.  buchs. 
Lilium  longiflorum,  12 
blooms  . 
Lily  of  the  Valley,  12  sprays 
Marguerites,  12  bnchs.  ... 
8.  d. 
8.  d. 
6  0to36  0 
18  0 
36  0 
5  0 
10  6 
3  0 
6  0 
6  0 
12  0 
3  0 
5  0 
2  6 
4  0 
12  0 
30  0 
9  0 
18  0 
6  0 
18  0 
4  0 
18  0 
4  0 
18  0 
4  0 
6  0 
1  0 
7  0 
1  0 
5  0 
:  PEICES.- 
var 
8.  d. 
8.  d. 
2  0  to  4  0 
2  0 
3  6 
0  6 
1  0 
•0  4 
0  6 
1  0 
3  0 
1  0 
2  0 
2  0 
3  0 
2  0 
4  0 
4  0 
6  0 
4  0 
8  0 
6  0 
8  0 
3  0 
4  0 
1  0 
2  0 
2  0 
3  0 
Fuchsias,  doz . 
Heliotropes,  per  doz. 
Hydrangeas,  doz . 
Lilium  Harrisi,  doz . 
Lobelias,  doz . 
Lycopodiums,  doz . 
Marguerite  Daisy,  doz.  ... 
ilignonette,  doz . 
Myrtles,  doz . 
Palms,  in  var.,  each . 
,,>  specimens  . 
Pelargoniums,  doz . 
,,  Scarlet,  doz. 
Rhodanthe,  doz . 
Maidenhair  Fern,  doz. 
bnchs . 
Mignonette,  doz.  bnchs.  ... 
Orchids,  var.  doz.  blooms. 
Pelargoniums,  12  bnchs. ... 
Pinks,  doz.  bnchs . 
Pyrethrum,  doz.  bnchs  .... 
Roses  (indoor),  doz . 
,,  Tea,  white,  doz. 
„  Yellow,  doz.  (Niels) 
,,  Red,  doz.  blooms  ... 
„  Safrano  (English)  doz. 
,,  Pink,  doz . 
,,  outdoor,  doz.  bnchs. 
Smilax,  bunch . 
Tuberoses,  12  blooms 
8.  d.  8.  d. 
4  0to6  0 
4  0  6  0 
8  0  10  0 
12  0  18  0 
2  6  4  0 
.SO  4  0 
6  0  9  0 
4  0  6  0 
6  0  9  0 
1  0  U>  0 
21  0  63  0 
8  0  12  0 
3  0  6  0 
4  0  6  0 
Blooms  in 
s.  d.  8.  d. 
4  0to8  0 
2  0  4  0 
1  6  12  0 
4  0  6  0 
2  0  6  0 
16  3  0 
0  6  10- 
10  2  0 
16  4  0 
10  2  0 
10  2  0 
10  2  6 
2  0  6  0 
2  0  3  6 
3  0  6  0 
TRADE  CATALOGUES  RECEIVED. 
Austin  &  McAslan,  Glasgow. — Flower  Roots  and  Plants, 
Cooper,  Taber  &  Co.,  Ltd.,  90,  Southwark  Street,  London. —  Wholesale 
Bulb  Catalogue. 
Jas.  Douglas,  Great  Bookham,  Surrey.  —  Carnations. 
Little  &  Ballantyne,  Carlisle. — Bulb  Catalogue, 
A.  Roozen  &  Son,  Overveen,  Haarlem. — Duteh  and  Cape  Bulbs. 
“SAILING  THE  LOWLAND  SEAS-” 
We  English  are  a  mixed  race  ;  the  ancient  woaded,  gkin-clothed 
Briton,  the  polished  war-like  Roman,  the  Saxon  marauder,  the 
Norseman,  Viking,  and  the  cold,  proud  Norman,  all  contribute  to 
our  making.  We  have  fought  and  wrangled  and  contended  with 
all,  and  all  have  left  their  impress  upon  our  national  character. 
Our  old  foes  are  turned  into  friends.  No  more  doea  the  Norse¬ 
man  with  his  pirate  ship  devastate  our  shores  in  the  spring  time  of 
the  year,  no  longer  do  we  dread  his  barbaric  cruelties.  In  science  and 
in  agriculture  they  are  now  our  equals  (not  superiors,  of  course), 
and  it  was  with  the  hope  of  learning  some  of  their  excellent 
methods  that  a  select  party  of  British  dairy  farmers  sailed  the  low¬ 
land  seas  on  July  Ist.  The  B.D.F.  loves  an  outing  and,  more  than 
that,  gets  one  every  summer. 
We  venture  to  say  that  no  tour  could  have  been  better  planned. 
Denmark  has  of  late  years  been  first  and  foremost  in  the  manipu¬ 
lation  of  dairy  produce,  and  Sweden  seems  to  have  caught  the 
infection.  “No  one  need  apply  who  is  afraid  of  work.’’  Cer¬ 
tainly  the  programme  for  the  ticket-holders  made  hard  work  a 
necessity.  “  Not  a  full  night’s  rest  for  a  week  after  leaving  home.” 
Only  the  able-bodied  could  stand  this,  but  consider  the  distance 
traversed,  the  manifold  objects  of  interest  to  be  seen,  and  surely 
one  would  feel  that  all  was  well  worth  a  little  toil.  “  Steal  a  few 
hours  from  the  night,  my  boy,”  says  an  old  song,  and  these  fair 
calm  nights  in  the  northern  latitudes  are  things  of  beauty  and  joy. 
July  1st  saw  about  ninety  pilgrims,  male  and  female,  leave 
Harwich  for  the  Hook  of  Holland,  from  there  by  train  to  Kiel. 
At  that  point  the  party  re-embarked  for  Wedellsborg,  on  the 
Island  of  Fumen.  Count  Wedell  Wedellsborg,  one  of  the 
