144 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER, 
August  12,  1887. 
Stockport  Autumn  Show. 
Five  dozen  classes  find  a  place  in  the  schedale  of  Stockport  and 
District  Chrysanthemum  Society’s  tenth  annual  Show,  which  is  to  be 
held  in  the  Volunteer  Armoury,  Stockport,  on  November  19th  and  20th. 
Good  prizes  are  offered  in  many  of  the  classes,  including  a  silver  cup, 
in  addition  to  the  first  prize  for  a  group  of  Chrysanthemums,  and 
another  one  for  twenty-four  cut  blooms.  Each  cup  has  to  be  won  twice 
before  becoming  the  absolute  property  of  an  exhibitor.  Besides  Chrys¬ 
anthemums,  fruits  and  vegetables  find  a  place,  as  well  as  a  section  that 
is  confined  to  cottagers.  The  Hon.  Secretary  is  Mr.  K.  Hollister,  29, 
Little  Dnderbank,  Stockport. 
Wolverhampton  Chrysanthemum  Show. 
We  have  received  the  schedule  of  the  exhibition  which  is  to  open  on 
November  3rd.  It  is  a  voluminous  affair,  and  time  and  patience  seem  to 
be  needed  for  finding  the  classes,  which  are  inserted  here  and  there 
among  advertisements  of  bread,  boots,  bedsteads,  blankets,  cartridges, 
and  other  requisites  of  Chrysanthemum  growers.  We  observe  that  £4 
are  provided  in  each  of  two  classes  for  twenty-four  incarved  and 
twenty-four  Japanese  blooms,  three  other  good  prizes  following  in  each. 
This  provision  should  bring  good  competition.  The  same  amounts 
are  offered  for  groups  of  Chrysanthemums,  which  are  to  be  judged  by 
points  from  ten  as  a  maximum  for  Japanese,  eight  for  incurved,  eight 
for  Anemones,  six  for  variety,  six  for  dwarfness,  and  ten  for  general 
effect.  This  decision  of  the  Committee  is  introduced  by  a  little  homily 
or  explanatory  essay.  We  should  have  thought  it  clear  enough  without, 
as  affording  guidance  for  exhibitors  and  judges  of  a  commendably 
definite  character. 
Paris  Chrysanthemum  Committee. 
Four  numbers  of  the  Journal  of  this  Committee  have  now  been  issued. 
No.  3,  although  published  early  in  the  year,  has,  with  No.  4,  only 
recently  come  to  hand,  and  a  brief  mention  of  its  contents  may  be 
interesting.  It  contains  a  list  of  all  the  classes  and  prizewinners  at 
the  show  in  November  last,  together  with  certificates  awarded  at  the 
various  meetings  of  the  Committee  on  September  23rd,  October  22nd, 
November  12fch  and  17th.  A  report  by  Mr.  Fatzer  on  new  varieties 
exhibited  at  the  show,  a  report  on  Chrysanthemums  and  other  orna¬ 
mental  plants  at  the  same  show,  a  report  by  Mr.  Nonen  on  Mr.  Calvat’s 
collection  at  Grenoble,  a  report  by  Mr.  Rosette  on  Mr.  de  Reydellet’s 
collection  at  Valence,  and  concludes  with  a  list  of  members  of  the  Com¬ 
mittee,  some  seventy -three  in  all.  Part  4  contains  the  rules  and  regula¬ 
tions,  and  also  the  schedule  for  the  show  to  be  held  in  the  Tuileries 
Gardens  next  November  ;  an  article  on  the  work  of  the  Committee  during 
the  year  1896,  written  by  M.  Lemaire  ;  an  article  on  “  Progress  in  the 
Cultivation  of  Chrysanthemums,”  by  Mr.  Yvon,  and  other  matter. 
I  notice  that  a  certificate  has  been  awarded  to  a  sport  from  Viviand 
Morel,  described  as  of  a  pale  yellow  colour  tinted  old  rose.  The  name 
given  to  this  sport  is  J.  B.  Yvon,  but  judging  only  from  the  verbal 
description  there  would  seem  to  be  some  resemblance  to  the  well-known 
English  sport  from  the  same  parent,  Charles  Davis. — C,  H.  P. 
FRUIT  SHIPMENTS  FROM  COLORADO. 
I  HAVE  more  than  once  during  the  past  few  years  furnished  your 
paper  with  horticultural  items  from  Colorado.  It  will  interest  your 
readers  to  know  that  the  fruit  crop  of  all  kinds  this  year  is  estimated  by 
the  Secretary  of  the  State  Board  of  Horticulture  at  over  one  million 
pounds  (£1,000,000)  sterling,  considerably  more  than  half  of  which 
money  will  be  realised  from  markets  outside  the  State,  This  is  not  a  bad 
showing  for  a  State  which  is  usually  regarded  by  people  at  a  distance  as 
producing  little  else  but  gold  and  silver,  and  where  so  recently  as  1884 
fruit  growing  was  locally  regarded  very  much  in  the  light  of  a  question¬ 
able  and  somewhat  quixotic  experiment.  Some  years  ago  Colorado  com¬ 
menced  shipping  Potatoes,  on  account  of  their  superior  quality,  to 
populous  centres  over  1000  miles  distant.  Her  next  horticultural  article 
of  export,  also  on  account  of  its  superior  quality,  was  Celery,  which  was 
sent  in  considerable  quantities— ie.,  in  car  load  lots,  to  such  distant 
points  as  Galveston,  New  Orleans,  Kansas  City,  Pittsburg,  Chicago, 
Detroit,  and  other  destinations. 
In  April  last  four  car  loads,  representing  over  40  tons,  of  Ben  Davis 
Apples,  grown  in  a  90  acre  orchard  within  a  few  miles  of  Denver,  and 
kept  in  cool  storage,  were  shipped  to  San  Francisco,  on  account  of  their 
quality.  Practical  experience  shows  that  Colorado  grown  Apples,  owing 
to  altitude  and  climate,  survive  cold  storage  better  than  those  grown 
under  more  tropical  conditions. 
During  the  last  dozen  years  at  least  100,000  acres  of  orchards  have  been 
planted  in  Colorado,  and  this  year  sees  not  only  the  “  bearing  ”  acreage 
much  increased,  but  an  abnormally  heavy  crop,  particularly  of  Peaches, 
simultaneously  with  partial  Peach  crops  in  the  Eastern  States  of 
Delaware  and  Maryland,  and  also  in  Michigan.  The  fruit  growers  of 
different  sections  of  Colorado  are  organised  into  effective  associations. 
have  arranged  for  agents  in  Chicago  and  other  eastern  cities,  and  the 
railroads  are  co-operating  with  favourable  rates  to  get  the  fruit  to 
distant  markets. 
Mesa  County,  on  the  Pacific  slope  of  Colorado,  has  40,000  acres.of 
orchards,  ranging  in  size  from  10  acres  to  160  acres,  and  upwards, 
of  which  12,000  acres  are  bearing.  It  is  expected  that  from  the  vicinityjof 
Grand  Junction  alone  there  will  be  shipped  this  season  600  cars  of 
Peaches,  50  cars  of  Pears,  and  a  large  quantity  of  Prunes,  Plums,. 
Apples,  Grapes,  and  Apricots.  When  your  readers  remember  that}  the 
American  railroad  car  is  twice  the  size  of  the  English  railroad  car,  some 
idea  will  be  gained  of  the  extent  of  the  fruit  shipments  from  this  one 
locality.  It  is  estimated  that  the  fruit  growers  of  Mesa  County  alone 
will  this  year  net  about  £80,000,  after  payment  of  railroad  freight,  com¬ 
missions,  and  other  incidental  charges. 
Delta  County,  also  on  the  Pacific  slope,  has  2000  acres  of  bearing 
trees,  and  will  ship  a  proportionate  quantity  of  Peaches,  Pears,  and  other 
kinds.  This  county  is  sending  Peaches  to  California  on  acco-uot  of  their 
superior  quality.  Montrose  County,  also  on  the  Pacific  slope,  will  equal 
the  production  of  Delta  County.  The  above  three  counties  will  this 
season  produce  about  3000  cars  of  fruit,  much  of  which  will  be  shipped 
as  far  east  as  New  York,  Boston,  Philadelphia,  Baltimore,  and  inter¬ 
mediate  cities.  On  the  Atlantic  slope  of  Colorado,  Fremont  County 
takes  the  lead  as  a  fruit  producer,  excluding  Peaches,  having  5000  acres 
in  fruit,  mostly  surrounding  Canon  City.  This  county  alone  will  this 
year  ship  to  other  points  25,000  barrels  of  Apples,  and  for  six  weeks 
recently  shipped  1000  crates  of  Strawberries  per  day.  Boulder,  Arapahoe, 
Larimer,  Otero,  and  other  counties  on  the  Atlantic  slope  of  Colorado 
also  have  large  Apple  orchards,  and  it  is  estimated  that  the  Apple  crop 
of  the  whole  State  this  year  will  reach  300,000  barrels.  There  are  a 
number  of  Englishmen  among  the  horticulturists  of  Colorado. — 
Thomas  Tonge. 
CARNATIONS  AT  BOWDEN  HILL. 
The  season,  judging  from  reports  which  have  appeared  of  late,  and 
from  pergonal  observations,  would  seem  to  have  been  peculiarly 
favourable  to  border  Carnations,  for  almost  everywhere  they  have  been 
abundant  both  from  seeds,  cuttings,  and  layers.  No  doubt  the  mildness 
of  the  winter  contributed  somewhat  to  this  wealth,  for  casualties,  which 
in  some  winters  are  so  numerous,  were' extremely  few  in  the  last,  and 
diseases  are  much  less  rife  than  usual. 
Although  I  have  seen  Carnations  doing  well  in  many  gardens  this 
season,  I  have  found  none  to  equal  those  now  almost  over  in  Mr.  Harris’^ 
garden  at  Bowden  Hill  House,  Chippenham,  the  plants  here  being 
extremely  vigorous,  free  flowering,  and  quite  exempt  from  spot.  Some 
3000  plants  occupy  the  borders  in  the  kitchen  garden,  in  many  varieties, 
all  grown  from  layers  or  cuttings,  and  the  quality  of  the  individual 
blooms  and  the  collective  display  is  creditable  in  the  highest  degree  to 
Mr.  Penton,  Mr.  Harris’  able  gardener. 
There  are  200  each  of  the  old  Crimson  Clove  and  Germania,  which 
must  have  made  a  good  show  in  themselves,  the  former  producing  as 
many  as  fifty  to  sixty  blooms,  and  the  latter  thirty  flowers,  on  a  plant. 
Maggie  Laarie  and  Gloire  de  Nancy  have  been  almost  equal  to  those 
alraady  named.  Mr.  Penton  has  foand  in  Pasha  a  rival  to  the  well 
known  favourite  Mrs.  Reynolds  Hole.  Its  colour  is  brighter,  and’ the 
pods  are  exempt  from  the  failing  so  common  to  many  otherwise  good 
Carnations — bursting.  The  Pasha  must  become  a  favourite,  as  Mrs. 
Rv  Hole  has  been  for  so  long.  Grandiflora  is  another  very  beautiful 
one,  white  with  bright  pink  narrow  stripes.  Rose  Celestial  is  a  very 
bright  flower  ;  and  Napoleon  III.  is  a  deep  red.  Duchess  of  Orleans, 
a  slightly  paler  flower  than  Germania,  possesses  a  delicate  scent  which 
does  not  belong  to  many  yellow  forms. 
A  few  among  other  good  varieties  include  Sir  H.  Calcraft,  Mrs. 
R.  Sydenham,  Queen  of  the  Bedders,  G.  H.  Sage,  The  Countess,  Jersey 
Maid,  Ketton  Rose,  Alice  Ayres,  Agnes  Chambers,  Dr.  Parker,  Montague, 
Lord  Byron,  and  Niphetos.  In  a  large  collection  there  are  sure  to  be 
many  that  do  not  come  up  to  the  standard  of  any  individual  grower,  and 
the  process  of  weeding  out  such,  and  the  introduction  of  newer  ones 
take  place  annually.  Only  the  best  are  retained  at  Bowden  Hill  even 
from  among  named  varieties,  than  which  no  others  are  grown. 
From  seed,  however,  it  is  an  easy  matter  to  get  a  good  selection,  and 
a  great  wealth  of  variety  is  obtainable  from  seedsmen  who  make  Car¬ 
nations  a  speciality  ;  and  where  house  decoration  is  carried  out  on  a 
large  scale,  the  single  varieties  cut  with  long  spikes  are  sometimes 
appreciated  as  much  as  double  blooms,  especially  for  tall  vases.  Very 
effective  arrangements  may  be  made  from  single  flowers,  and  the  seedling 
plants  have  the  merit  of  producing  material  for  cutting  in  quantity. 
From  seed  they  are  not  much  trouble,  because  they  may  be  finally 
planted  direct  from  the  seed  boxes,  and  when  established  early  they  are 
very  hardy,  more  so,  in  fact,  than  layered  plants.  Mr.  Penton  finds  a 
mulching  of  short  grass  from  the  lawn  mower  a  good  preservative  of 
moisture  about  his  plants,  and  it  appears  to  suit  Carnations  splendidly. 
In  addition  to  the  border  plants,  a  goodly  number  (500)  are  grown  in 
pots,  to  precede  the  outdoor  stock,  including  150  Uriah  Pike.  Beside 
these,  200  of  the  winter  flowering  section  are  cultivated  in  48-8ized 
pots,  included  among  them  being  such  as  Miss  Joliffe,  Mdlle.  Thdrese 
Franco,  Mrs.  L.  de  Rothschild,  Mrs.  Moore,  Madame  Carl,  and  Winter 
Cheer.  From  these  remarks  it  will  be  observed  that  Carnations  are 
a  speciality  at  Bowden  Hill,  though  other  features,  including  Orchids, 
are  by  no  means  neglected,  but  very  much  in  evidence  ;  of  these 
reference  must  be  deferred  until  some  future  date. — W.  S,,  Wilts, 
