September  9,  1897. 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER. 
237 
them  it  is  only  necessary  to  beat  them  up  in  a  quart  or  two  of  the 
wine ;  then  put  the  mixture  into  the  cask,  and  rouse  or  stir  it  up 
well  with  a  stick.  Egg  lining  is  generally  longer  in  settling  than 
isinglass,  and  to  fine  a  hogshead  occupies  from  two  to  three  weeks. 
If  it  is  not  intended  to  bottle  the  wine,  it  must,  after  fining,  be  racked 
into  a  clean  cask  in  all  cases. 
Sulphuring  Wines. 
To  prevent  wine  from  fermenting  too  long-,  and  thereby  becoming 
too  much  attenuated,  and  also  to  prevent  a  second  fermentation,  by 
which  the  wine  would  be  converted  into  vinegar,  it  is  necessary  to 
what  is  termed  “sulphur”  them.  This  is  done  by  burning  a  sulphur 
match  in  the  cask,  after  a  portion  of  the  wine  has  been  withdrawn  to 
give  room  for  the  match  to  be  burned.  The  match  is  a  strip  of  linen 
or  cotton  cloth  6  to  7  inches  long,  to  2  inches  wide,  dipped  in 
melted  sulphur.  These  matches  are  attached  to  the  bung,  and  when 
set  on  fire  are  introduced  iuto  the  cask  and  the  bunghole  is  closed. 
By  burning  the  sulphur  sulphurous  acid  gas  is  generated,  and  this 
acting  on  the  wine  arrests  the  acetous  fermentation. 
ES0ALL0NI4  LANGLEYENSIS. 
iMANY  of  the  Escallonias  are  cultivated  in  gardens,  and  are,  as  a 
rule,  very  highly  appreciated.  The  majority  of  them  are  exceedingly 
beautiful,  and  do  thoroughly  well  on  walls,  or  even  in  the  open  borders 
in  sheltered  places,  or  bj-’  the  seaside,  where  they  thrive  splendidly.  As 
the  well-known  forms  are  so  popular,  the  hybrid  depicted  in  the  illustra¬ 
tion  (fig.  33),  and  which  was  shown  at  the  Drill  Hall  in  .June  by  Messrs. 
J.  Veitch  &  Sons,  Ltd.,  will  most  certainly  be  welcomed.  E.  langley- 
ensis  resulted  from  a  cross  between  E.  macrantha  and  E.  Phillipiana, 
and,  as  may  be  seen,  partakes  somewhat  of  both  parents.  The  flowers 
are  produced  in  clusters  on  the  branchlets  of  the  strong  growths,  and  are, 
of  course,  much  more  numerous  towards  the  top  than  they  are  at  the 
bottom.  The  colour  of  the  flowers  on  first  opening  is  bright  rose,  but 
they  pale  slightly  with  age.  An  award  of  merit  was  granted  by  the 
Floral  Committee. 
A  NORTHERN  TOUR. 
A  PBty  days’  relaxation  from  the  ordinary  routine  of  labour,  with  a 
change  of  air,  scenery  and  company,  is  oftentimes  productive  of  physical, 
moral,  and  mental  good.  Perhaps  few  would  anticipate  a  beneficial 
change  from  the  Garden  Isle  to  the  busy  and  smoky  counties  of  York¬ 
shire  and  Lancashire,  but  in  a  “  tyke  ”  there  is  an  in-bred  affection  for  old 
friends  and  old  scenes.  Brief  notes  of  my  tour  may  interest  if  not  instruct 
a  few  of  your  readers. 
I  left  the  Garden  Isle  the  last  day  in  .luly,  staying  the  night  in 
London  and  proceeding  to  Bradford  from  King’s  <  ross  on  the  following 
day.  The  harvesting  operations  round  Hatfield  and  Hitchin  seemed  to 
be  in  advance  of  the  Isle  of  Wight,  which  I  considered  was  mainly  due  to 
the  former  places  being  minus  the  sea  breezes  which  are  constantly 
experienced  in  the  latter  place.  Many  of  the  stations  on  the  route  were 
made  gay  and  cheering  by  hanging  baskets  which  contained  flowering  and 
foliage  plants  in  variety.  What  a  great  scope  there  is  for  development 
in  this  direction.  May  we  hope  that  the  various  railway  companies  will 
still  further  encourage  their  officials  to  make  not  only  the  approaches  to 
the  stations  but  the  platforms  and  waiting  rooms  gay  with  plants  and 
flowers  ? 
Shortly  after  leaving  Doncaster  a  change  came  over  the  scene  ;  huge 
chimneys  towered  high  above  the  masses  of  houses  here  and  there,  being 
only  separated  by  a  few  miles  of  country.  The  hedges  were  replaced  by 
walls,  and  instead  of  hamlets  there  were  busy  and  thriving  towns,  the 
landscape  being  adorned  with  pit  shafts,  pit  hills,  and  coal  waggons. 
Bradford  was  my  first  stopping  place.  This  town  has  lost  one  of 
its  greatest  benefactors  in  the  late  Sir  Isaac  Holden,  Bart.,  of 
Oakworth  House.  After  a  night’s  repose  several  town  gardens  and 
the  parks  were  inspected.  Lund  Park  is  on  the  west  of  the  town  in 
a  thriving  and  populous  district.  The  situation  is  rather  exposed, 
but  since  my  visit  two  years  ago  several  alterations  have  been  made  by 
Mr.  J.  Slater,  the  able  gardener,  which  will  prove  beneficial.  The  carpet 
bedding  is  very  appropriate  to  the  season,  and  is  well  done  ;  whilst  the 
mixed  bedding  of  flowering  and  foliage  plants  is  effective.  The  in¬ 
habitants  of  the  district  take  great  interest  in  the  park,  and  are  highly 
satisfied  with  its  present  condition.  Devonshire  Pai-k  is  to  the  north  of 
the  town.  It  is  in  excellent  condition  under  the  direction  of  Mr. 
Bainb ridge,  and  affords  a  welcome  place  of  rest.  Victoria  Park  to  the 
eastward  is  a  large  expanse  of  land  where  huge  trees  relieve  its  monotony 
and  afford  shelter  not  only  from  passing  storms  but  also  from  the  sun’s 
powerful  rays  in  the  hot  days  of  summer.  It  is  admirably  suited  for 
galas  and  fetes. 
Town  gardens  are  by  no  means  numerous,  no  doubt  largely  due  to 
the  difficulties  which  have  to  be  encountered.  R.  Edmondson,  Esq., 
Acres  House,  is  an  enthusiastic  floriculturist,  and  spares  no  pains  or 
expense  in  doing  things  thoroughly.  Mr.  W.  Shaw,  his  gardener,  shows 
excellent  results,  considering  the  manifold  difficulties  under  which  he 
labours.  J.  B.  Summerscales,  Esq.,  Rockfield,  is  another  gentleman 
passionately  fond  of  horticulture,  but  has  to  labour  under  unenviable 
climatic  conditions.  Under  glass  plants  are  looking  exceedingly  well ; 
Tomato  crops  excellent ;  Grapes  are  fine,  bunches  and  berries  large, 
well  shaped  and  a  good  colour.  Mr.  J.  Sugden,  the  gardener  in  charge, 
is  thoroughly  at  home  in  the  various  branches  of  gardening. 
On  Saturday,  August  7th,  I  paid  my  first  visit  to  Tong  Agricultural 
and  Horticultural  Society’s  Show,  and  to  Tong  Hall,  the  residence  of  Sir 
Robert  Tempest,  Bart.  The  old-fashioned  mansion  is  situated  in  a  lovely 
and  well-wooded  park  of  over  300  acres.  The  horticultural  department 
is  under  the  superintendence  of  Mr.  R.  C.  Turner  ;  the  condition  of  the 
kitchen,  fruit,  and  flower  gardens,  the  vineries.  Peach,  and  plant  houses 
marking  him  as  a  man  of  exceptional  abilities.  The  Chrysanthemums 
are  very  fine  indeed,  whilst  the  Tomatoes  are  cropping  freely  and  show 
no  signs  of  disease. 
In  the  evening  I  was  privileged  to  join  the  members  of  the  Bradford 
Paxton  Society  in  their  visit  to  Bowling  Park,  which  is  one  of  the  far- 
Eig.  33 — Escallonia  langlbyensis. 
famed  Bradford  parks,  and  is  ably  managed  by  Mr,  .1,  Spencer.  Con¬ 
sidering  the  park  has  been  made  out  of  pit-hills  and  is  so  situated  as  to 
have  more  than  its  share  of  wind  and  smoke,  it  certainly  reflects  great 
credit  to  the  gardener  and  his  staff.  There  were  several  fine  plants  of 
Centranthus  alba,  which  had  an  imposing  effect.  Looking  down  on  the 
flower  garden  with  its  many  beds  filled  with  flowering  and  foliage  plants, 
judiciously  arranged,  as  the  sun  was  sinking  in  the  west,  one  saw  an 
effectively  beautiful  picture. 
From  August  9th  to  12th  a  few  profitable  days  were  spent  in  Darwen 
and  district.  Since  my  last  visit  to  this  progressive  town  two  parks  and 
a  technical  school,  with  reading  room  and  free  library,  have  sprung  into 
existence.  Bold  Venture  Park  I  consider,  for  its  size,  one  of  the  most 
picturesque  and  natural  I  have  ever  seen.  The  undulations,  deep  ravines, 
and  miniature  waterfalls,  relieved  by  the  greensward,  with  here  and 
there  beds  planted  with  the  choicest  of  trees  and  shrubs  most  suitable  to 
the  district,  give  it  an  effect  that  words  cannot  describe.  Its  close 
proximity  to  the  centre  of  the  town  renders  it  an  invaluable  acquisition, 
whilst  at  the  rear  only  two  or  three  fields  separate  from  it  the  famed 
Darwen  Moors,  which  rise  to  a  great  height  above  the  sea  level,  affording 
a  magnificent  view  for  miles  around.  Whitehall  Park  is  esteemed  by  the 
inhabitants  of  the  far  end  of  the  town  ;  it  is  not  only  well  laid  out,  but 
ably  managed. 
Woodlands,  the  residence  of  W.  B.  Huntington,  Esq.,  .I.P.,  is  pictur¬ 
esquely  situated  in  a  well  wooded  estate.  The  conservatory,  stoves, 
greenhouses,  vineries,  and  Peach  houses  are  very  extensive,  and  are  under 
the  superintendence  of  Mr.  Wm.  Neale,  the  head  gardener.  Astley  Bank, 
the  residence  of  C.  P.  Huntington,  Esq.,  J.P.,  is  another  local  place 
noted  for  horticulture.  Mr.  C.  Grey  is  an  adept  in  most  branches  of 
gardening. 
