September  16,  J897.  .  JOURNAL  ..OF  HORTICULTURE  .AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER, 
279 
Niphetos  and  Marechal  Niel  Eose  Buds  Browned  (Ifitarb). — The 
browning  appears  due  to  moisture  resting  on  the  petals,  which  destroys 
the  tissues  and  can  only  be  obviated  by  an  early  and  free  admission  of 
air,  including  some  at  night,  and  thus  prevent  moisture  from  being  con¬ 
densed  on  the  flowers.  If  there  be  a  heating  apparatus  in  the  greenhouse 
the  slightest  warmth  in  the  pipes  would  be  suflicient  to  keep  the  air  in 
motion  and  save  the  flowers  ;  at  least,  we  have  found  it  so  in  a  similar  case. 
They  damped  in  an  unheated  house,  and  in  one  with  a  very  little  warmth 
in  the  pipes  and  the  ventilators  partially  open  at  night  they  were  simply 
superb.  We  also  found  that  some  superphosphate  made  a  wonderful 
difference  in  the  flowers  expanding,  and  in  their  size  and  tint.  The 
merest  sprinkling  occasionally  of  the  following  mixture  acted  well.  Three 
parts  dissolved  bones,  dry  and  crumbly  ;  two  parts  nitrate  of  potash,  finely 
powdered  ;  and  one  part  sulphate  of  lime,  mixed  thoroughly,  used  about 
every  three  weeks  during  growth,  and  washed  in.  This  and  cutting  away 
all  the  weak  growths  gave  stronger,  which  trained  thinly  gave  excellent 
results.  Owing  to  the  letter  being  sent  to  the  wrong  address  it  was  just 
too  late  for  answering  last  week. 
Preventing  Club  in  Cabbage  Plants  {D.  P.). — It  is  difficult  to  prevent 
club-root  in  Cabbage  plants  when  so  little  time  can  be  allowed  between 
dressing  the  land  and  putting  out  the  plants,  as  must  be  the  case  with 
spring  Cabbage.  Foul  land  requires  drastic  treatment,  such  as  a  dressing 
of  gas  lime,  5  tons  per  acre,  leaving  it  on  the  ground  for  at  least  six  weeks 
before  ploughing  in.  Now  it  will  only  be  safe  to  apply  half  that  amount, 
and  even  then  it  should  lie  on  the  surface  three  weeks  before  being  turned 
under,  but  we  have  used  it  and  planted  a  fortnight  afterwards  with  good 
results.  The  following  dressing  also  answered  well — Peruvian  guano 
(8  to  9  per  cent,  ammonia),  cwt.  ;  mixed  with  2  cwt.  of  salt  per  acre, 
applying  just  before  putting  out  plants.  What  the  land  wants  is  lime, 
and  in  bad  cases  10  tons  per  acre  is  necessary,  but  5  or  6  tons  usually  prove 
effective.  As  an  alternative  use  3  cwt.  of  steamed  bonemeal  per  acre, 
and  early  in  spring,  or  when  the  plants  get  well  hold  of  the  soil,  top-dress 
with  3  cwt.  of  salt  and  2  cwt.  nitrate  of  soda  ])er  acre.  The  salt  forms 
muriate  of  lime  with  that  substance,  and  combines  with  ammonia,  passing 
into  nitrate  of  lime. 
Names  of  Fruits.  —  Notice. — We  have  pleasure  in  naming  good 
typical  fruits  (when  the  names  are  discoverable)  for  the  convenience  of 
regular  subscribers,  who  are  the  growers  of  such  fruit,  and  not  col¬ 
lectors  of  specimens  from  non-subscribers.  This  latter  procedure  is 
wholly  irregular,  and  we  trust  that  none  of  our  readers  will  allow 
themselves  to  be  made  the  mediums  in  infringing  our  rules.  Special 
attention  is  directed  to  the  following  decision,  the  object  of  which  is 
to  discourage  the  growth  of  inferior  and  promote  the  culture  of  superior 
varieties.  In  consequence  of  the  large  number  of  worthless  Apples  and  Pears 
sent  to  this  office  to  he  named,  it  has  been  decided  to  name  only  specimens  and 
varieties  of  approved  merit,  and  to  reject  the  inferior,  which  are  not  worth 
sending  or  growing.  The  names  and  addresses  of  senders  of  fruits  or 
flowers  to  he  named  must  in  all  cases  be  enclosed  with  the  specimens, 
whether  letters  referring  to  the  fruit  are  sent  by  post  or  not.  Tbe 
names  are  not  necessarily  required  for  publication,  initials  sufficing  for 
that.  Only  six  specimens  can  be  named  at  once,  and  any  beyond  that 
number  cannot  be  preserved.  They  should  he  sent  on  -the  first  indication  of 
change  towards  ripening.  Dessert  Pears  cannot  he  named  in  a  hard  green  state. 
(  W.  P.  0.). — 1,  Tower  of  Glamis  ;  2,  Beauty  of  Kent  ;  3,  Beauty  of 
Hants  ;  4,  Hollandbury.  (ff,  A.).  — 1,  Winter  Hawthornden  ;  2,  M^re  de 
Me'nage  ;  3,  Dutch  Mignonne.  (J.  B.  D.fi—i,  Autumn.  Bergamot ;  2, 
Duchesse  d’Angouleme ;  3,  Fondante  d’Automne  ;  4,  Williams’  Bon 
Chr&tien  ;  5,  Summer  Thorn  ;  6,  perfectly  hard.  {H.  G.  (?.).  —  !,  Lodding- 
ton  Seedling;  2,  Court  Pendii  Plat;  3,  Cox’s  Pomona;  4,  Cellini; 
5,  Sturmer  Pippin  ;  6,  Northern  Greening.  (A.  D.). — 1,  Rihston  Pippin; 
2,  Warner’s  King  ;  3,  Cox’s  Orange  Pippin  ;  4,  Irish  Peach.  {C.  F.  (?.). 
— As  we  have  repeatedly  stated,  it  is  quite  useless  sending  Pears  to  us  for 
naming  which  are  perfectly  hard.  Please  read  the  directions  printed 
above  and  send  again.  {A.  A). — Your  Grapes  reached  us  practically  as  a 
mass  of  pulp,  and  certain  identification  is  an  impossibility  ;  1,  possibly 
Black  Alicante  ;  2,  may  be  the  same  ;  3  and  4  suggest  bad  and  good 
examples  of  Gros  Colman.  Your  best  course  would  be  to  visit  an  estab¬ 
lishment  where  Grapes  are  largely  grown,  and  find  yours  by  comparison. 
Names  of  Plants. — We  only  undertake  to  name  species  of  plants,  not 
varieties  that  have  originated  from  seeds  and  termed  florists’  flowers. 
Flowering  specimens  are  necessary  of  flowering  plants,  and  Fern  fronds 
should  bear  spores.  Specimens  should  arrive  in  a  fresh  state  in  firm 
boxes.  Slightly  damp  moss,  soft  green  grass,  or  leaves  form  the  best 
packing,  dry  wool  the  worst.  Not  more  than  six  specimens  can  be  named 
at  once,  and  the  numbers  should  be  visible  without  untying  the  ligature.®, 
it  being  often  difficult  to  separate  them  when  the  paper  is  damp. 
(/^ttoramMs).  —  Lycium  barbarum,  introduced  from  Barbary  in  1696.  It 
is  one  of  the  Box  Thorns,  and  belongs  to  the  natural  order  Solanaceae. 
Its  recognised  popular  name  is  the  Tea  Tree.  (Z).  F.).— 1,  Ceanothus 
azureus  ;  2,  Helenium  pumilum ;  3,  Funkia  grandiflora  ;  4,  Colutea 
arborescens.  (F.  W,). — 1,  Odontoglossum  crispum  ;  2,  dead  ;  3,  specimen 
insufficient.  (0.  Humea  elegans  ;  2,  Oxalis  florihunda ;  3, 
Geonoma  gracilis  ;  4,  Cocos  Weddelliana, 
COVENT  GARDEN  MARKET.— Sept.  15th. 
FRUIT. 
Apples,  J  sieve  •  •• 
Gobs  . 
Filberts,  100  lbs. 
8.  d.  8.  d. 
...  1  0  to  3  0 
...  27  6  0  0 
...  25  0  0  0 
8.  d.  8.  d. 
Grape8,  lb.  •••  •••  •••  0  8  to  2  0 
Lemon8.  case  . 11  0  14  0 
St.  Michael’s  Pines,  each  3  0  8  0 
VEGETABLES. 
s.  d. 
8.  d. 
8.  d. 
8.  d. 
Asparagus,  per  100 
•  •• 
••• 
0  0  to  0  0 
Mustard  and  Cress,  punnet 
0  2to0  4 
Beans,  ^  sieve  ... 
0  0 
0  0 
Onions,  bushel . 
3  6 
4  0 
Beet,  Red,  doz  ... 
1  0 
0  0 
Parsley,  doz.  bnchs . 
2  0 
3  0 
Carrots,  bunch  ... 
... 
0  3 
0  4 
Parsnips,  doz  . 
1  0 
0  0 
Cauliflowers,  doz. 
... 
.  a  • 
2  0 
3  0 
Potatoes,  cwt . 
2  0 
4  0 
Celery,  bundle  ... 
•  •  • 
1  0 
0  0 
Salsafy,  bundle . 
1  0 
0  0 
Coleworts.  doz.  bnchs. 
... 
2  0 
4  0 
Seakale,  basket . 
1  6 
1  9 
Cucumbers . 
0  4 
0  8 
Scorzonera,  bundle . 
1  6 
0  0 
Endive,  doz.  ... 
•  •• 
1  3 
1  6 
Shallots,  lb . 
0  3 
0  4 
Herbs,  bunch  ... 
0  3 
0  0 
Spinach,  pad  . 
0  0 
0  0 
Leeks,  bunch  ... 
•  •  • 
0  2 
0  0 
Sprouts,  J  sieve . 
1  6 
1  9 
Lettuce,  doz. 
1  3 
0  0 
Tomatoes,  lb . 
0  4 
0  0 
Mushrooms,  lb. ... 
•  •• 
•  •• 
0  6 
0  8 
Turnips,  bunch . . 
0  8 
0  0 
PLANTS 
IN  POTS. 
8.  d. 
8.  d. 
s.  d. 
8.  d* 
Arbor  Vitae,  var.  doz. 
•  •• 
6  0to36  0 
Ficus  elastics,  each . 
1  0to7  0 
Aspidistra,  doz.... 
•  •• 
18  0 
;-6  0 
Foliage  plants,  var.,  each 
1  0 
5  0 
Aspidistra,  specimen 
•  •• 
5  0 
10  6 
Fuchsias,  doz . 
3  0 
5  0 
Chrysanthemums, 
per 
doz.. 
4  0 
9  0 
Heliotropes,  per  doz. 
3  0 
6  0 
„  „  single  plants 
1  6 
2  0 
Lilium  Harrisi,  doz . 
12  0 
18  0 
Coleus,  doz. 
•  •  • 
2  6 
4  0 
Lycopodiums,  doz . 
3  0 
4  0 
Dracaena,  var,,  doz 
•  ... 
12  0 
30  0 
Marguerite  Daisy,  doz.  ... 
4  0 
9  0 
Dracaena,  viridis,  doz. 
•  •• 
9  0 
18  0 
Mignonette,  doz . 
4  0 
6  0 
Euonymus,  var.,  dozen 
•  •• 
6  0 
18  0 
Myrtles,  doz . 
6  0 
9  0 
Evergreens,  var.,  doz. 
•  •• 
4  0 
18  0 
Palms,  in  var.,  each . 
1  0 
15  0 
Ferns,  var.,  doz. 
•  •• 
•  •  • 
4  0 
18  0 
,,  specimens  . 
21  0 
63  0 
Ferns,  small,  100 
•  •• 
... 
4  0 
6  0 
Pelargoniums,  Scarlet,  doz 
2  0 
4  0 
AVERAGE  WHOLESALE  PRICES.- 
-CUT  FLOWERS. — Orchids  in  variety. 
8.  d. 
B.  d. 
s.  d. 
8.  d. 
Arum  Lilies,  12  blooms  ...  2  0  to  4  0 
Asparagus  Fern,  bunch  ...  1  0  2  6 
Asters,  per  bunch  .  0  2  0  6 
Bouvardias,  bunch  .  0  4  0  6 
Carnations,  12  blooms  ...  1  0  3  0 
,,  doz.  bnchs.  ...  3  0  6  0 
Chrysanthemums,  12  bnchs.  4  0  6  0 
„  ,,  12  blooms  0  6  2  6 
Cornflower,  doz.  bnchs.  ...  1  0  2  0 
Dahlias,  doz.  bnchs .  2  6  6  0 
Eucharis,  doz .  2  0  3  0 
Gardenias,  doz .  2  0  4  0 
Geranium,  scarlet,  doz. 
bnchs .  3  0  4  0 
Gladioli,  doz.  bnchs,  ...  4  0  8  0 
Lilium  lancifolium,  per 
bnch .  16  2  0 
Lilium  lancifolium,  short, 
per  12  blooms  .  10  16 
Lilium  longiflorura,  12 
blooms  .  2  6  4  0 
Lily  of  the  Valley,  12  sprays 
Marguerites,  12  bnchs.  ... 
Maidenhair  Fern,  doz. 
bnchs . 
Mignonette,  doz.  bnchs.  ... 
Orchids,  var.  doz.  blooms. 
Pelargoniums,  12  bnchs. ... 
Pyrethrum,  doz.  bnchs  .... 
Roses  (indoor),  doz . 
,,  Tea,  white,  doz. 
„  Yellow,  doz.  (Niels) 
,,  Red,  doz.  blooms  ... 
„  Safrano  (English)  doz. 
,,  Pink,  doz....  ...  ... 
,,  outdoor,  doz.  bnchs. 
Smilax,  bunch . 
Sunflowers  (various) . 
Tuberoses,  12  blooms  ... 
Violets,  doz.  bnchs . 
1  0to2  0 
2  0  3  0 
4  0 
2  0 
1  6 
4  0 
1  6 
0  6 
1  0 
1  6 
0  9 
1  0 
1  0 
8  0 
4  0 
12  0 
6  0 
4  0 
1  0 
2 
4 
SIDE  BY  SIDE. 
Tce  old  copybook  maxim  was  “Comparisons  are  odious.’  Yes, 
so  they  may  be  ;  but  for  all  that,  at  times  they  are  necessary.  Each 
man  and  woman  individually  thinks  that  his  own  burden  is  the 
heaviest  of  all  the  burdens  borne  by  mankind,  and  except  in  moments 
of  great  despondency  each  one  considers  he  bears  his  burden  better 
and  is  more  patient  than  his  neighbours.  But  we  are  apt  to  under¬ 
value  the  fortitude  of  others,  more  through  ignorance  than  through 
any  lack  of  good  feeling.  We  cannot  enter  into  all  the  little  details  of 
their  case,  and  we  see  the  bright  features  with  such  a  clear  eye. 
Our  attention  has  been  drawn  lately  to  the  price  of  American 
agricultural  produce — that  is,  of  the  American  btates.  We  have 
before  us  a  price  list,  if  we  may  so  call  it,  of  the  vendable  articles 
in  the  hands  of  the  farmers.  We  are  asked  to  compare  these  prices 
with  our  own  prices ;  and  then  the  question  arises,  Which  of  the  twm 
nations  is  in  the  better  plight  ? 
Well,  if  we  come  to  take  the  price  list  alone  as  our  guide, 
undoubtedly  we  are  getting  more  money  for  our  goods,  even  bad  as 
prices  are  here ;  but  this  is  by  no  means  all  the  question.  We  are 
asked  to  adjudicate  on  very  insufficient  data  ;  in  fact,  we  are  asked  to 
take  a  leap  in  the  dark.  An  English  farmer,  were  he  required  to  make 
a  balance-sheet  that  could  be  fairly  understood  by  the  multitude, 
