September  30,  1897. 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTIGULTURF  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER. 
327 
Saccolabium  bellinum  {Young  OrcJiidist). — You  will  find  on  page  309 
an  illustration  with  a  note,  which  will  probably  give  you  all  the  informa¬ 
tion  j'ou  require.  If  it  is  not  so,  write  again. 
Name  of  Caterpillar  {Semper  Fidelis). — The  s])ecimens  sent  are  those  of 
the  Privet  hawk  moth  (Sphinx  Ligustri),  a  species  generally  distributed 
over  England,  but  more  abundant  in  some  districts  than  others.  It  feeds 
chiefly  upon  the  shrub  from  which  its  name  is  taken,  but  is  also  foimd 
upon  Lilac,  occasionally  upon  Apple.  It  has  been  said  to  eat  Laurustinns, 
but  this  is  rather  doubtful.  Some  seasons  the  caterpillara  are  numerous 
enough  to  leave  signs  of  their  residence  on  the  Privet  hedges.  While 
young  they  are  apt  to  escape  notice,  being  much  the  colour  of  the  foliage. 
When  nearly  full  grown  they  usually  mount  the  upper  twigs  at  night  or 
early  morning,  and  in  the  day  retire  to  the  interior  of  the  bushes,  probably 
to  escape  hungry  birds,  to  which  such  a  fat  caterpillar  might  be  a  tempting 
morsel.  During  September  they  descend  some  depth  into  the  ground, 
and  form  a  chamber,  where  the  chrysalis  reposes  till  the  months  of  June 
or  July, 
Rose  of  Sharon  and  Star  of  Bethlehem  {John  Thomas), — You  ask 
“under  what  name  the  Hose  of  Sharon  goes  in  Johnson’s  Gardeners’ 
Dictionary.”  It  goes  under  no  name  so  far  as  we  can  see  in  the  last 
edition  of  that  work.  Neither  is  it  included  in  the  list  of  popular  names 
in  Sanders’  Encyclopaedia  ;  but  in  this  work  it  is  found  in  parenthesis 
after  “  Hypericum.”  In  many  districts  the  name  is  commonly  ajjplied  to 
Hypericum  calycinum — a  low,  half-shrubby  evergreen.  Put  this  cannot 
be  the  plant  yon  have  in  view,  as  you  say  the  “  bulbs  have  come  from 
Jerusalem.”  There  has  thus  possibly  been  a  mistake  in  MU’iting  down 
the  popular  name  “  Rose  of  Sharon  ”  instead  of  “  Star  of  Bethlehem.” 
This  is  given  in  the  Dictionary  under  its  popular  heading,  with  a 
reference  to  Ornithogalum  umbellatum,  a  British  species.  Sanders  does 
not  include  Star  of  Bethlehem  in  his  popular  name  list,  but  we  find  it  in 
his  work  under  Ornithogalum,  with  a  reference  to  0.  longibracteatum, 
the  familiar  “Onion  plant”  of  cottage  windows,  and  a  native  of  the 
Cape  of  Good  Hope.  The  fanciful  name  Star  of  Bethlehem  seems  to 
have  become  attached  to  the  Ornithogalums  as  a  genus,  but  it  would 
seem  to  he  more  strictly  applicable  to  O.  armeniacum  than  to  the  species 
above  named,  as  this  is  a  native  of  the  country  in  which  both  Jerusalem 
and  Bethlehem  are  situated — Armenia.  Your  bulbs  may  therefore  be 
those  of  the  Armenian  species.  It  is  hardy,  as  also  is  0.  umbellatum,  but 
O.  longibracteatum  is  not. 
Names  of  Fruits. — Notice. — We  have  pleasure  in  naming  good 
typical  fruits  (when  the  names  are  discoverable)  for  the  convenience,  of 
regular  subscribers,  who  are  the  growers  of  such  fruit,  and  not  col¬ 
lectors  of  specimens  from  non-subscribers.  This  latter  procedure  is 
wholly  iri’egular,  and  we  trust  that  none  of  our  readers  will  allow 
themselves  to  be  made  the  mediums  in  infringing  our  rules.  Special 
attention  is  directed  to  the  following  decision,  the  object  of  which  is 
to  discourage  the  growth  of  inferior  and  promote  the  culture  of  superior 
varieties.  In  consequence  of  the  large  number  of  worthless  Apples  and  Pears 
sent  to  this  office  to  he  named,  it  has  been  decided  to  name  only  specimens  and 
varieties  of  approved  merit,  and  to  reject  the  inferior,  which  are  not  worth 
sending  or  growing.  The  names  and  addresses  of  senders  of  fruits  or 
flowers  to  be  named  must  in  all  cases  be  enclosed  with  the  specimens, 
whether  letters  referring  to  the  fruit  are  sent  by  post  or  not.  The 
names  are  not  necessarily  required  for  publication,  initials  sufficing  for 
that.  Only  six  specimens  can  be  named  at  once,  and  any  beyond  that 
number  cannot  be  preserved.  They  should  he  sent  on  the  first  indication  of 
change  towards  ripening.  Dessert  Pears  cannot  he  named  in  a  hard  green  state. 
{W.  A). —A  fine  specimen  of  Hollandbury.  {A.  T.  S'.)—!,  Beauty  of 
Kent  ;  2,  Warner’s  King  ;  3,  Annie  Elizabeth ;  4,  Tower  of  Glamis  ; 
5,  Potts’  Seedling;  6,  Beurr6  Diel.  (/.  —  Bismarck;  2,  Sand¬ 
ringham  ;  3,  Egremont  Russet.  {H.  It.  M.).—t,  Blenheim  Pippin  ;  2, 
Annie  Elizabeth  ;  3,  Lord  Derby  ;  4,  King  of  the  Pippins. 
Names  of  Plants. — We  only  undertake  to  name  species  of  plants,  not 
varieties  that  have  originated  from  seeds  and  termed  florists’  flowers. 
Flowering  specimens  are  necessary  of  flowering  plants,  and  Fern  fronds 
should  bear  spores.  Specimens  should  arrive  in  a  fresh  state  in  firm 
boxes.  Slightly  damp  moss,  soft  green  grass,  or  leaves  form  the  best 
packing,  dry  wool  the  worst.  Not  more  than  six  specimens  can  he  named 
at  once,  and  the  numbers  should  be  visible  without  untying  the  ligatures, 
it  being  often  difficult  to  separate  them  when  the  paper  is  damp. 
(P.  B.). — 1,  Rudbeckia  nitida ;  2,  Ilelianthus  rigidus  Miss  Hellish; 
3,  Anemone  japonica  alba.  {F.  F.). — 1,  Helenium  autumnale  ;  2,  dead  ; 
3,  Adiantum  pubescens  ;  4,  Asplenium  bulbiferum.  {C,  If.,  York). — 
According  to  your  letter  the  specimens  were  packed  on  the  23rd  inst.,  and 
then  misdirected,  and  had  to  be  reposted,  Jiot  arriving  at  their  destination 
till  the  28th,  a  Sunday  intervening,  with  its  no  postal  delivery  in  London  ; 
the  natural  consequence  of  such  delay  was  the  drying  of  the  samples 
beyond  all  possibility  of  identification. 
GARDENERS’  CHARITABLE  AND  PROVIDENT 
INSTITUTIONS. 
Tpie  Gaebeners’  Royal  Benevolent  Institution. — Secretary, 
Mr.  G.  J.  Ingram,  50,  Parliament  Street,  London,  W.C. 
United  Horticultural  Benefit  and  Provident  Society.— 
Secretary,  Mr.  W.  Collins,  9,  Martindale  Road,  Balham,  London,  S.W, 
Royal  Gardeners’  Orphan  Fund, — Secretary,  Mr.  A,  F.  Barron* 
The  Royal  Gardeners’  Orphan  Fund,  Chiswick,  W. 
COVENT  GARDEN  MARKET.— Sept.  29tii. 
Apples,  J  sieve 
Cobs  . 
Filberts,  100  lbs. 
Asparagus,  per  100 
Beans,  ^  sieve  ... 
Beet,  Red,  doz  ... 
Carrots,  bunch  ... 
Cauliflowers,  doz. 
Celery,  bundle  ... 
Coleworts,  doz.  bncl 
Cucumbers . 
Endive,  doz. 
Herbs,  bunch  ... 
Leeks,  bunch  ... 
Lettuce,  doz. 
Mushrooms,  lb. ... 
Arbor  Vitae,  var.  doz.  ... 
Aspidistra,  doz . 
Aspidistra,  specimen 
Chrysanthemums,  per  doz. 
„  „  single  plants 
Coleus,  doz . 
Dracaena,  var.,  doz . 
Dracaena,  viridis,  doz.  ... 
Euonymus,  var.,  dozen  ... 
Evergreens,  var.,  doz.  •  •• 
Ferns,  var.,  doz . 
Ferns,  small,  100  . 
s.  d. 
1  0to3  0 
22  6  25  0 
25  0  0  0 
FRUIT. 
8.  d. 
Grapes,  lb.... 
Lemons,  case 
VEGETABLES. 
8.  d.  8.  d. 
0  0  to  0  0 
0  0  0  0 
10  0  0 
0  3  0  4 
2  0  3  0 
10  0  0 
2  0  4  0 
0  4  0  8 
13  16 
0  3  0  0 
0  2  0  0 
13  0  0 
0  6  0  8 
Mustard  and  Cress,  punnet 
Onions,  bushel  ... 
Parsley,  doz.  bnchs 
Parsnips,  doz  ... 
Potatoes,  cwt.  •... 
Salsafy,  bundle ... 
Seakale,  basket... 
Scorzonera,  bundle 
Shallots,  lb. 
Spinach,  pad  ... 
Sprouts,  ^  sieve ... 
Tomatoes,  lb.  ... 
Turnips,  bunch ... 
PLANTS 
s.  d.  8.  d. 
6  0to36  0 
18  0  c6  0 
6 
4 
1 
2 
12  0 
9  0 
6 
4 
4 
4 
10 
9 
2 
4 
30  0 
18  0 
18  0 
18  0 
18  0 
6  0 
IN  POTS. 
Ficus  elastica,  each  ...  . 
Foliage  plants,  var.,  each 
Fuchsias,  doz . 
Heliotropes,  per  doz. 
Lilium  Harris!,  doz . 
Lycopodiums,  doz . 
Marguerite  Daisy,  doz.  , 
Mignonette,  doz . 
Myrtles,  doz . 
Palms,  in  var.,  each...  . 
,,  specimens  ...  . 
Pelargoniums,  Scarlet,  doz.  2  0 
AVERAGE  WHOLESALE  PRICES.— CUT  FLOWERS.— Orchids 
8.  d.  8.  d. 
3  0  to  5  0 
Arum  Lilies,  12  blooms  ... 
Asparagus  Fern,  bunch  ...  1  0  2  6 
Asters,  bunch  .  0  2  0  6 
Bouvardias,  bunch  .  0  6  0  8 
Carnations,  12  blooms  ...  1  0  3  0 
,,  doz.  bnchs.  ...  3  0  6  0 
Chrysanthemums,  12  bnchs.  4  0  6  0 
„  ,,  12  blooms  0  6  2  6 
Cornflower,  doz.  bnchs.  ...  1  0  2  0 
Dahlias,  doz.  bnchs .  2  6  6  0 
Eucharis,  doz .  2  0  3  0 
Gardenias,  doz .  16  2  0 
Geranium,  scarlet,  doz. 
bnchs .  3  0  4  0 
Gladioli,  doz.  bnchs.  ...  6  0  21  0 
Lilium  lancifolium,  bnch.  16  2  0 
Lilium  lancifolium,  short, 
per  12  blooms  .  10  16 
Lilium  longiflorum,  12 
blooms  .  3  0  4  0 
Lily  of  the  Valley,  12  sprays 
Marguerites,  12  bnchs.  ... 
Maidenhair  Fern,  doz. 
bnchs . 
Mignonette,  doz.  bnchs.  ... 
Orchids,  var.  doz.  blooms. 
Pelargoniums,  12  bnchs. ... 
Pyrethrum,  doz.  bnchs  .... 
Roses  (indoor),  doz . 
,,  Tea,  white,  doz. 
„  Yellow,  doz.  (Niels) 
„  Red,  doz.  blooms  ... 
,,  Safrano  (English)  doz. 
„  Pink,  doz . 
,,  outdoor,  doz.  bnchs. 
Smilax,  bunch . 
Sunflow’ers  (various) . 
Tuberoses,  12  blooms 
Violets,  doz.  bnchs . 
8.  d. 
s.  d. 
0  8  to  2  0 
11  0 
14  0 
3  0 
8  0 
8.  d. 
s.  d. 
0  2  to  0  4 
3  6 
4  0 
2  0 
3  0 
1  0 
0  0 
2  0 
4  0 
1  0 
0  0 
1  6 
1  9 
1  6 
0  0 
0  3 
0  4 
0  0 
0  0 
1  6 
1  9 
0  4 
0  0 
0  3 
0  0 
s.  d. 
B.  d. 
1  0to7  0 
1  0 
6  0 
3  0 
5  0 
3  0 
6  0 
12  0 
18  0 
3  0 
4  0 
4  0 
9  0 
4  0 
6  0 
6  0 
9  0 
1  0 
15  0 
21  0 
63  0 
2  0 
4  0 
in  variety* 
8.  d. 
s.  d. 
1  0to2  0 
2  0 
3  0 
4  0 
8  0 
2  0 
4  0 
1  6 
12  0 
4  0 
6  0 
1  6 
4  0 
0  6 
1  0 
1  0 
2  0 
1  6 
4  0 
0  9 
1  0 
1  0 
2  0 
1  0 
2  6 
3  0 
6  0 
1  6 
2  6 
2  0 
4  0 
0  3 
0  4 
1  6 
2  0 
SWINE  FEVER. 
^  When  Richard  of  the  Ijion  Heart  ruled,  or  rather  allowed  others  to 
misrule  in  his  name,  in  this  pleasant  England  of  ours  were  vast  tracts 
of  unreclaimed  forestland,  beautiful  in  its  diversify,  and  affording  in  its 
.sylvan  retreats  shelter  and  food  for  animals  of  the  chase,  as  well  as 
those  peculiarly  adapted  for  the  domestic  spit. 
What  our  forefathers  wou.d  have  done  without  the  homely  swine 
we  know  not.  How  we  ourselves  should  feel  Avere  the  pig  removed 
at  once  aud  for  ever  from  our  list  of  food  supplies,  we  know  very  well. 
In  this  climate,  where  we  have  far  more  cold  days  than  Avarm  ones,  we 
need  a  large  amount  of  fatty  matter  to  help  keep  up  our  vitality.  We 
have  pig  served  in  a  hundred  Avays,  and  on  every  table,  save  those 
purely  Jewish.  The  fat  is  not  so  repugnant  to  the  delicate  stomach 
as  the  fat  of  other  animals.  It  is  easily  cooked,  and  makes  a  tasty 
relish,  and  above  all,  on  the  list  of  animal  food,  Ave  find  in  it  so  much 
greater  proportion  of  meat  to  the  hone.  This  makes  it  intrinsically 
cheaper.  It  can  he  bought  in  small  quantities  at  the  tiny  village  shops, 
