421 
October  28,  1897.  JOURNAL  OP  HORTIGULTURP  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER, 
targe  Dessert  Apples  (IT.  T.). — Eor  the  purpose  of  guiding  judges 
and  exhibitors  at  the  shows  of  the  Royal  Horticultural  Society,  lists  of 
dessert  and  cooking  Apples  are  published  in  the  schedule  of  the  show 
that  was  recently  held  at  the  Crystal  Palace.  This  is  an  excellent  plan, 
as  all  doubts  as  to  the  inclusion  or  otherwise  of  certain  varieties  in  the 
respective  classes  are  removed.  The  varieties,  Peasgood’s  Nonesuch, 
Cox’s  Pomona,  and  Lady  Henniker  are  in  the  R.H.S.  cooking  list  ;  but 
this  list  is  only  binding  when  it  is  clearly  stated  in  the  schedules  of  local 
shows  that  such  is  to  be  the  case,  and  then  the  R.H.S.  plan  should  be 
adopted  of  printing  the  names  of  the  150  varieties  in  the  same  schedules, 
otherwise  the  varieties  mentioned  are  quite  eligible  for  dessert  classes. 
We  should  not  think  of  disqualifying  them  at  any  show  where  the 
schedule  did  not  specifically  exclude  them.  It  would  be  unjust  to  many 
exhibitors  to  do  so  who  staged  in  the  honest  belief  that  they  wei’e  within 
the  terms  of  the  schedule,  and  relied  on  the  “  Fruit  Manual,”  the  “Fruit 
Grower’s  Guide,”  or  the  catalogues  of  leading  fruit  nurserymen  as  to 
the  eligibility  of  these  and  other  varieties  in  either  class.  At  the  same 
time,  it  must  not  be  supposed  that  judges  would  give  greater  weight  to 
large  and  attractive  fruits  of  fair  eating  quality  than  to  good  specimens  of 
the  smaller  admittedly  dessert  varieties;  We  should  not  do  so,  but  we 
should  estimate  the  former  more  highly  than  some  of  the  miserable 
speckled  I  “  woody  ’  samples  of  real  so-called  dessert  Apples  that  find 
their  way  on  exhibition  tables.  One  of  the  worst  Apples  for  eating,  if 
not  for  cooking  also,  is  Baumann’s  Winter  Reinette,  now  placed  in  the 
dessert  list  at  the  R.H.S.  shows.  You  had  belter  stage  in  accordance 
with  the  custom  of  your  district,  and  remember  that  as  a  rule  the 
“  decision  of  the  judges  is  final.” 
Names  of  Fruits.  —  Notice.  —  We  have  pleasure  in  naming  good 
typical  fruits  (when  the  names  are  discoverable)  for  the  convenience  of 
regular  subscribers,  who  are  the  growers  of  such  fruit,  and  not  col¬ 
lectors  of  specimens  from  non-subscribers.  This  latter  procedure  is 
wholly  irregular,  and  we  trust  that  none  of  our  readers  will  allow 
themselves  to  be  made  the  mediums  in  infringing  our  rules.  Special 
attention  is  directed  to  the  following  decision,  the  object  of  which  is 
to  discourage  the  growth  of  inferior  and  promote  the  culture  of  superior 
varieties.  In  consequence  of  the  large  number  of  worthless  Apples  and  Pears 
sent  to  this  office  to  he  named,  it  has  been  decided  to  name  only  specimens  and 
varieties  of  approved  merit,  and  to  reject  the  inferior,  which  are  not  worth 
sending  or  growing.  The  names  and  addresses  of  senders  of  fruits  or 
flowers  to  be  named  must  in  all  cases  be  enclosed  with  the  specimens, 
whether  letters  referring  to  the  fruit  are  sent  by  post  or  not.  The 
names  are  not  necessarily  required  for  publication,  initials  sufficing  for 
that.  Only  six  specimens  can  be  named  at  once,  and  any  beyond  that 
number  cannot  be  preserved.  They  should  he  sent  on  the  first  indication  of 
change  towards  ripening.  Dessert  Pears  cannot  he  named  in  a  har'd  green  state. 
{J.  B.). — If  the  tree  is  an  upright  grower  the  variety  is  Gloria  Mundi,  if 
of  spreading  habit  Warner’s  King.  The  first-named  often  keeps  till 
Christmas.  (  W.  W.). — 1,  Lewis  s  Incomparable  ;  2,  Beauty  of  Hants  ; 
3,  Cellini;  4,  Warner’s  King;  5,  Winter  Fearmain :  6,  probably  a 
highly  coloured  fruit  of  Dumelow’s  Seedling.  (Gar'dener). —  1,  Beauty  of 
Stoke  ;  2,  unknown,  probably  a  local  seedling  ;  3,  crushed  beyond  the 
possibility  of  identification  ;  4,  Beurr4  Clairgeau.  {A.  D.  Sr  Sons'). — 
Doyenni  Boussoch.  (J.  But'ch).  iG,  London  Pippin;  3g,  Yorkshire 
Greening.  (J.J.  D.).~l,  Durondeau  ;  2,  Comte  de  Lamy  ;  3,  Gloucester¬ 
shire  Costard  ;  4,  Old  Hawthornden  ;  5,  not  recognisable,  quite  mealy  ; 
6,  an  abnormal  specimen  ;  if  the  tree  is  an  upright  grower  the  variety  is 
Gloria  Mundi,  if  of  spreading  habit  Warner’s  King.  (W.  6'.).— Marie 
Louise. 
Names  of  Plants. — We  only  undertake  to  name  species  of  plants,  not 
varieties  that  have  originated  from  seeds  and  termed  florists’  flowers. 
Flowering  specimens  are  necessary  of  flowering  plants,  and  Fern  fronds 
should  bear  spores.  Specimens  should  arrive  in  a  fresh  state  in  firm 
boxes.  Slightly  damp  moss,  soft  green  grass,  or  leaves  form  the  best 
packing,  dry  wool  the  worst.  Not  more  than  six  specimens  can  be  named 
at  once,  and  the  numbers  should  be  visible  without  untying  the  ligature.s, 
it  being  often  difficult  to  separate  them  when  the  paper  is  damp. 
(^Junior). — 1,  Clematis  flammula  ;  2,  Ophiopogon  jaburon  variegatum. 
((7.  M.  C.). —  1,  Sedum  azoideum  variegatum  ;  2,  Polypodium  aureum  ; 
3,  dead.  (0.  B.). — Chrysanthemums  are  obviously  florists’  flowers,  which 
can  only  be  named  by  comparison.  If  the  varieties  were  purchased  the 
vendor,  if  the  grower  of  a  large  collection,  will  be  able  to  supply  the 
names.  ((?.  (?.). — No.  5,  a  form  of  Cattleya  Bowringiana  :  the  remainder 
are  varieties  of  C.  labiata.  (A.  Z.).—  l  and  4,  forms  of  Pteris  serrulata 
cristata  ;  2,  P.  cristata  albo-lineata  ;  3,  too  withered  for  identification. 
COVENT  OAEDEN  MAEKET.— Oct.  27th. 
VEGETABLES. 
Asparagus,  per  100  ... 
s.  d. 
0  0 
s.  d. 
toO  0 
Mustard  and  Cress,  punnet 
s.  d. 
0  2  to 
s.  d. 
0  4 
Beans,  ^  sieve  . 
0  0 
0  0 
Onions,  bushel . 
3  6 
4  0 
Beet,  Tied,  doz . 
•  •  • 
1  0 
0  0 
Parsley,  doz.  bnchs . 
2  0 
3  0 
Carrots,  bunch . 
•  •  • 
0  3 
0  4 
Parsnips,  doz . 
1  0 
0  0 
Caulifloweis,  doz. 
2  0 
3  0 
Potatoes,  cwt . 
2  0 
4  0 
Celery,  bundle . 
1  0 
0  0 
Salsafy,  bundle . 
1  0 
0  0 
Coleworts,  doz.  bnchs. 
2  0 
4  0 
Seakale,  ba-ket . 
1  6 
1  9 
Cucumbers . 
0  4 
0  8 
Scorzonera,  bundle . 
1  6 
0  0 
Endive,  doz . 
•  •  • 
1  3 
1  6 
Shallots,  lb . 
0  3 
0  4 
Herbs,  bunch  . 
0  3 
0  0 
Spinach,  pad  . 
0  0 
0  0 
Leeks,  bunch  . 
0  2 
0  0 
Sprouts,  ^  sieve . 
Tomatoes,  lb . 
1  6 
1  9 
Lettuce,  doz . 
1  3 
0  0 
0  4 
0  0 
Mushrooms,  lb. ...  ... 
•  •• 
0  6 
0  8 
Turnips,  bunch ...  ,,,  ,.. 
0  3 
0  0 
Apples,  J  sieve  ... 
Cobs  ...  . 
Filberts,  100  lbs. 
FRUIT. 
8.  d.  s.  d. 
1  0  to  3  0 
22  6  23  0 
0  0  0  0 
s.  d.  s.  d. 
Grapes,  lb .  0  8  to  2  0 
Lemons,  case  . 11  0  14  0 
St.  Michael’s  Pines,  each  3  0  8  0 
Arbor  Vitas,  var.,  doz.  ... 
Aspidistra,  doz . 
Aspidistra,  specimen 
Chryaanthemums,  doz.  ... 
,,  ,,  single  plants 
Coleus,  doz . 
Dracaena,  var.,  doz . 
Dracaena  viridis,  doz.  ... 
Euonymus,  var,,  doz.  ... 
Evergreeens,  var.,  doz.  ... 
Ferns,  var.,  doz . 
Ferns,  small,  100  . 
PLANTS  IN  POTS. 
s.  d.  8.  d. 
6  OtoSe  0 
18  0  36  0 
12  0 
9  0 
6  0 
4  0 
10 
9 
2 
4 
30  0 
18  0 
18  0 
18  0 
18  0 
G  0 
Ficus  elastics,  each . 
Foliage  plants,  var.,  each 
Heliotropes,  doz. 
Lilium  Harrisi,  doz.... 
Lycopodiums,  doz,  ... 
Marguerite  Daisy,  doz. 
Mignonette,  doz. 
Myrtles,  doz . 
Palms,  in  var.,  each... 
,,  specimens 
Pelargoniums,  scarlet,  doz 
8.  d.  8.  d. 
1  0  to  7  0 
10  5  0 
3  0  5  0 
12  0  18  0 
3  0  4  0 
4  0  9  0 
4  0  6  0 
6  0  9  0 
1  0  15  0 
21  0  63  0 
2  0  4  0 
AVERAGE  WHOLESALE  PRICES.— CUT  FLOWERS.— Orchids  in  variety. 
s. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
s, 
d. 
S. 
d. 
Arum  Lilies,  12  blooms  ... 
3 
Oto  5 
0 
Alarguerites,  doz.  bnchs.... 
2 
Oto  3 
0 
Asparagus  Fern,  bunch  ... 
1 
0 
2  6 
Maidenhair  Fern,  doz. 
Asters,  bunch  . 
0 
4 
0 
8 
bnchs.  . . . 
4 
0 
8 
0 
Bouvardias,  bunch  . 
0 
6 
0 
8 
Mignonette,  doz.  bnchs.  ... 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Carnations,  12  blooms 
1 
0 
3 
0 
Narciss,  white  (French) 
,.  doz.  bnchs.  ... 
4 
0 
9  0 
bunch  . 
0  4 
0 
6 
Chrysanthemums,  12  bnchs. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Orchids,  var.,  doz.  blooms 
1 
6 
12 
0 
,,  ,,  12  blooms 
0 
6 
2 
6 
Pelargoniums,  doz.  bnchs. 
Pyrethrum,  doz.  bnchs.  ... 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Dahlias,  doz.  bnchs . 
2 
6 
6 
0 
1 
6 
4  0 
Eucharis,  doz . 
3 
0 
6  0 
Roses  (indoor),  doz . 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Gardenias,  doz . 
1 
6 
2 
0 
„  Tea,  white,  doz.  ... 
,,  Yellow,  doz.  (Niels) 
1 
0 
2  0 
Geranium,  scarlet,  doz. 
1 
6 
4 
0 
bnchs . 
4 
0 
6 
0 
,,  Red,  doz.  blooms  ... 
,,  Safrano  (Eng]ish)doz. 
0 
9 
1 
0 
Gladioli,  doz.  bnchs. 
6 
0 
18 
0 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Lilac  (French),  bunch  ... 
5 
0 
6 
0 
„  Pink,  doz . 
1 
0 
2 
6 
Lilium  lancifolium,  bnch. 
1 
6 
2 
0 
,,  outdoor,  doz.  bnchs. 
3  0 
6  0 
Lilium  lancifolium,  short. 
Smilax,  bunch . 
1 
6 
2 
6 
per  12  blooms  . 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Tuberoses.  12  blooms 
0 
3 
0 
4 
Lilium  longiflorum,  12 
Violets,  doz.  bnchs . 
1 
6 
2 
0 
blooms  . 
4 
0 
6 
0 
,,  Parme  (French),  bch. 
2 
6 
3  6 
Lily  of  the  Valley,  12  sprays 
1 
0 
2 
0 
ACCIDENTAL  POISONING,  AND  OTHERWISE. 
Why  should  the  last  clause  remain  in  the  title  P  Surely  pre¬ 
meditated  poisoning-  is  only  to  be  heard  of  among  hardened  criminals  ; 
but,  alas  !  such  is  by  no  means  the  case.  Possibly  many  cases  will 
occur  to  our  readers,  and  if,  happily,  they  are  ignorant  of  such  cases, 
so  much  the  better  for  them.  On  a  stock  farm  losses  of  all  kinds  are 
continually  occurring,  and  even  with  the  greatest  care  such  losses  can 
often  not  be  prevented.  Perhaps  it  is  almost  a  wonder  more  accidents 
do  not  occur,  such  as  broken  or  dislocated  bones ;  but  these  are  not 
frequent. 
There  are  diseases  also  incidental  to  the  seasons;  diseases  produced 
by  an  over-abundant  supply  of  sappy  food,  as  also  by  an  under  supply. 
This  latter  cause  does  not  necessitate  instant  death,  it  only  makes  a 
debilitated  body  ready  to  receive  any  poison  germs,  and  to  nourish 
them  hospitably.  There  are  the  diseases,  too,  confined  to  breeding 
animals,  and  these  often  amount  almost  to  an  epidemic. 
For  all  these  losses  a  farmer  is,  in  a  measure,  prepared — that  is,  he 
expects  a  certain  percentage  per  annum,  and  although  he  may  not  like 
it,  still  bears  these  losses  with  a  certain  equanimity  born  of  expecta¬ 
tion.  But  every  now  and  again  we  hear  of  other  and  heavy  losses 
that  fall  like  a  bolt  from  the  blue,  their  very  unexpectedness  making 
them  nrost  alarming.  There  is  one  form  of  poisoning  far  too  common 
in  this  country,  and  the  cause  is,  to  a  certain  extent,  under  our  own 
control.  Wo  mean  the  poisoning  by  Yew. 
This  has  always  been  a  favourite  shrub  ;  it  lends  itself  well  to 
decoi’ative  purposes  ;  it  makes  the  most  excellent  of  hedges,  and  it  is 
found  far  and  wide  all  over  the  king'dom.  Planted  and  cultivated  in 
the  churchyards  by  the  first  Edward,  it  produced  those  wonderful 
bows  which  made  the  English  archer  the  terror  of  all  nations.  Nothing 
and  no  one  could  withstand  the  deadly  shaft  from  that  bow  of  Tew 
when  the  string  was  drawn  by  an  English  bowman. 
