November  25,  18974 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER 
517 
Insects  in  Peach  House  (^Anxious  Inquirer). — No.  1  is  the  larva  of  a 
snake  millipede,  evidently  Julus  terrestris,  which,  in  the  larval  stage,  feeds 
on  decaying  animal  substances  and  decomposing  vegetable  matter  ;  but  in 
the  adult  form  attacks  Potatoes,  Beet,  Carrot,  Parsnip,  ripening  Straw¬ 
berries,  and  the  young  roots  of  various  trees,  such  as  Vines,  and  Peaches. 
The  best  dressing  for  the  larva  is  quicklime,  as  this  both  kills  the  pests 
and  takes  away  the  decaying  matter  by  converting  it  into  inorganic 
substances,  and  bettering  the  soil  in  every  way.  We  should  not  use 
more  than  14  lbs.  per  rod,  slaking  and  spreading  evenly  on  the  border, 
leaving  there  or  very  lightly  forking  in.  We  find,  however,  that  a  mixture 
of  best  chalk  lime,  air  slaked,  and  good  soot  in  equal  parts  by  measure, 
using  at  once  at  the  rate  of  ^  lb.  per  square  yard  and  immediately  pointing 
in,  acts  ranch  the  better  for  the  trees,  and  also  effectively  against  the 
millipedes,  both  larva  and  adults.  No.  2  is,  as  you  believe,  the  grub  of 
the  black  Vine  or  grooved  weevil  (Otiorhynchus  sulcatus).  The  pests 
are  very  tenacious  of  life,  living  several  hours  in  solutions  of  nitrate  of 
soda,  kainit,  &c.,  but  always  succumbing  in  the  end  ;  also  to  chemical 
manures,  which  slowly  but  surely  compass  their  destruction.  To  act 
quickly,  use  soluble  phenyle,  a  wineglassful  to  3  gallons  of  water,  giving 
that  amount  per  square  yard ;  or  if  the  grubs  are  numerous  and  near  the 
surface,  as  they  usually  are,  use  a  gill  (J  pint)  to  3  gallons  of  water,  and 
apply  1  gallon  of  the  solution  per  square  yard  by  means  of  a  rose  watering 
can  when  the  soil  is  in  a  moist  (neither  wet  nor  dry)  condition  before 
application.  The  solution  will  also  destroy  the  Julus  larvae  ;  but  the  lime 
or  lime  and  soot  will  not  kill  the  weevil  grubs  unless  the  lime  comes  into 
immediate  contact  with  them. 
Silver  Fir  Infested  by  Insects  and  Fungus  {A.  TF.). — The  insects  on 
the  piece  of  bark  in  the  cottony  substance  are  mostly  the  eggs  of  the 
Pine  bug  (Chermes  laracis)  but  there  are  also  plenty  of  the  moth  (so- 
called)  Chermes,  and  even  some  larvae.  The  pest  is  best  destroyed  by 
now  dressing  the  trunk  with  a  solution  of  soluble  petroleum  or  some 
other  approved  Insecticide,  applying  with  a  brush,  spraying  the  other 
parts  of  the  tree  with  the  solution,  as  this  cannot  well  be  brushed  on  the 
leafy  parts.  The  eggs  are  readily  seen  by  a  pocket  lens,  being  of  a  pale 
reddish  purple  colour,  becoming  darker  just  before  hatching,  and  the 
young  are  also  rosy  purple  coloured,  these  soon  fixing  on  the  bark, 
and  covered  with  a  whitish  meal.  The  spraying  may  be  repeated  about 
the  second  week  in  April,  when  the  young,  or  rather  eggs,  are  being 
produced  again  abundantly,  choosing  a  dry  time  and  wetting  every  part  of 
the  tree,  as  the  insects  fix  themselves  at  the  base  of  the  leaves,  especially 
on  Silver  Fir,  The  insecticide  should  be  applied  warm  (130°  to  140').  The 
twig  from  the  younger  tree  also  had  a  few  patches  of  bug,  but  this  has 
nothing  to  do  with  the  enlarged  axis  of  the  shoots,  unless  the  insects 
have  punctured  the  buds— a  very  unwarrantable  conjecture.  The  swellings 
on  the  one(this)  and  two-year  (last)  old  wood,  terminal  and  base  respec¬ 
tively  of  shoot,  are  due  to  a  fungus,  Peridermiura  elatinum,  giving  rise  to 
canker,  and  this  without  either  producing  witches’  brooms  or  oecidia  in 
the  leaves,  but  the  latter  are,  or  rather  were,  in  the  shoot  at  the  terminal 
buds,  even  spores  remaining,  and  some  of  these  germinating,  as  you 
may  see  on  making  a  longitudinal  section  of  a  should-have-been  bud  and 
examining  with  a  microscope  enlarging  not  less  than  100  diameters.  The 
mycelium  of  the  fungus  is  perennial  in  the  tissues,  which  also  may  be  seen 
as  a  dark  reddish  purple  stain,  penetrating  the  cambium  and  the  wood, 
even  with  the  unaided  eye,  by  making  a  transverse  section.  Sooner  or 
later  witches’  brooms  will  appear  on  the  tree,  and  the  leaves  on  that  part 
produce  oecidia  and  then  falling,  the  witches’  broom  being  deciduous  in 
that  case,  and  the  remainder  of  the  tree  evergreen.  We  have  seen  some 
very  fine  specimens  on  the  Silver  Fir,  and  have  also  seen  it  on  Abies 
(Picea)  Piusapo.  On  aged  trees  it  does  not  do  much  harm.  The  witches’ 
brooms  are  very  curious,  especially  when  not  becoming  leafless  :  but  on 
young  trees  the  canker  knobs  kill  the  young  growths,  causing  the  buds 
to  become  “  blind,”  and  the  trees  have  a  very  stunted  appearance,  many 
dying  outright,  as  almost  every  growth  in  some  cases  is  affected.  The 
only  preventive  is  to  cut  off  all  witches’  brooms  and  cankerous  swellings 
on  old  trees,  and  clear  away  affected  young  ones  in  the  thinning.  We 
have  lost  many  hundreds  when  from  5  to  8  feet  high  simply  because  we 
had  several  old  trees  bearing  the  witches’  brooms  near  l)y. 
Names  of  Fruits. — Notice. —We  have  pleasure  in  naming  good 
typical  fruits  (when  the  names  are  discoverable)  for  the  convenience  of 
regular  subscribers,  who  are  the  growers  of  such  fruit,  and  not  col¬ 
lectors  of  specimens  from  non-subscribers.  This  latter  procedure  is 
wholly  irregular,  and  we  trust  that  none  of  our  readers  will  allow 
themselves  to  be  made  the  mediums  in  infringing  our  rules.  Special 
attention  is  directed  to  the  following  decision,  the  object  of  which  is 
to  discourage  the  growth  of  inferior  and  promote  the  culture  of  superior 
varieties.  In  consequence  of  the  large  number  of  worthless  Apples  and  Pears 
sent  to  this  office  to  be  named,  it  has  been  decided  to  name  only  specimens  and 
varieties  of  approved  merit,  and  to  reject  the  inferior,  which  are  not  worth 
sending  or  growing.  The  names  and  addresses  of  senders  of  fruits  or 
flowers  to  be  named  must  in  all  cases  be  enclosed  with  the  specimens, 
whether  letters  referring  to  the  fruit  are  sent  by  post  or  not.  The 
names  are  not  necessarily  required  for  publication,  initials  sufficing  for 
that.  Only  six  specimens  can  be  named  at  once,  and  any  beyond  that 
number  cannot  be  preserved.  They  should  be  sent  on  the  first  indication  of 
change  towards  ripening.  Dessert  Pears  cannot  be  named  in  a  hard  green  state. 
(P,  C.  R.).  —  \,  Hoary  Morning;  2,  Golden  Knob  ;  3,  Scarlet  Nonpareil  , 
4,  Dumelow’s  Seedling.  (^Nemo). —  1,  Court  of  Wick  ;  2,  Ribston  Pippin; 
3,  Marie  Louise  d’Uccle  ;  4,  Winter  Nelis.  (//.  D.  J.). —  1,  Adam’s  Pear- 
main  ;  2,  Cellini  ;  3,  Gloria  Mund;  ;  4,  Bramley’s  Seedling ;  5,  Beauty  of 
Hants  :  6,  Golden  Winter  Poarmain.  (/.  W.  A.). — 1,  Waltham  Abbey 
Seedling  ;  2,  Kerry  Pippin  ;  3,  Wellington  (Dumelow  s  Seedling)  ;  4, 
unknown.  {F.  G.), — Autumn  Bergamot.  (J.  J.  T.). — Mere  de  Menage. 
Names  of  Plants. — We  only  undertake  to  name  species  of  plants,  no 
varieties  that  have  originated  from  seeds  and  termed  florists’  flowers. 
Flowering  specimens  are  necessary  of  flowering  plants,  and  Fern  fronds 
should  bear  spores.  Specimens  should  arrive  in  a  fresh  state  in  firm 
boxes.  Slightly  damp  moss,  soft  green  grass,  or  leaves  form  the  best 
packing,  dry  wool  the  worst.  Not  more  than  six  specimens  can  be  named 
at  once,  and  the  numbers  should  be  visible  without  untying  the  ligatures, 
it  being  often  difficult  to  separate  them  when  the  paper  is  damp. 
(P.  F.). — 1,  Vanda  ccerulea  ;  2,  Adiantum  pubescens  ;  3,  Gymnogramma 
chrysophylla.  (^H.  N.). — 1,  Begonia  nitida  ;  2,  Arabis  alpinus  variegatus  ; 
3,  Euonymus  europaeus,  the  Spindle  Tree.  {Fern  Grower). — 1,  Polystichum 
angulare  ;  2,  Lastrea  propinqua  ;  3,  Adiantum  cuneatum  grandiceps  -,  4, 
Polypodium  aureum  ;  5,  Asplenium  l)ulbiferum. 
COVENT  GARDEN  MARKET.— Nov.  24tii. 
FRUIT. 
Apples,  ^  sieve  ... 
Cobs  . 
Filberts,  100  lbs. 
Beans,  ^  sieve 
Beet,  Red,  doz. , 
Carrots,  bunch  , 
Cauliflowers,  doz. 
Celery,  bundle 
Coleworts,  doz. 
Cucumbers ... 
Endive,  doz. 
Herbs,  bunch 
Leeks,  bunch 
Lettuce,  doz. 
Mushrooms,  lb. 
Aspidistra,  doz. 
Aspidistra,  specimen 
Chryoanthemums,  doz.  ... 
,,  „  single  plants 
Dracaena,  var.,  doz . 
Dracaena  vivid  is,  doz.  ... 
Euonymus,  var.,  doz.  ... 
Evergreeeiis,  var.,  doz.  ... 
Erica  hymalis,  per  doz.... 
,,  gracilis,  per  doz.  ... 
„  various,  per  doz.  ... 
s.  d. 
e.  d. 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
...  1  0  to  3  0 
Grapes,  lb . 
0  8  to  2  0 
...  22  6 
24  0 
Lemons,  case  . 
11  0 
14  0 
... 
...  0  0 
0  0 
St.  Michael’s  Pines,  each 
3  0 
8  0 
VEGETABLES. 
8.  d 
8.  d. 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
0  ... 
...  0  0  to  0  0 
Mustard  and  Cress,  punnet 
0  2  to  0  4 
...  0  0 
0  0 
Onions,  bushel . 
3  6 
4  0 
...  1  0 
0  0 
Parsley,  doz.  bnchs . 
2  0 
3  0 
...  0  3 
0  4 
Parsnips,  tloz . 
1  0 
0  0 
... 
...  2  0 
3  0 
Potatoes,  cwt . 
2  0 
4  0 
...  1  0 
0  0 
Salsafy,  bundle . 
1  0 
0  0 
:chs. 
...  2  0 
4  0 
Stakale,  bai-ket . 
1  6 
1  9 
...  0  4 
9  8 
Scorzonera,  bundle . 
1  6 
0  0 
...  1  3 
1  6 
Shallots,  lb . 
0  3 
0  4 
...  0  3 
0  0 
Spinach,  pad  . 
0  0 
0  0 
...  0  2 
0  0 
Sprouts,  i  sieve . 
1  6 
1  9 
...  1  3 
0  0 
Tomatoes,  lb . 
0  4 
0  0 
... 
...  0  6 
0  8 
Turnips,  bunch . 
0  3 
0  0 
PLANTS 
IN  POTS. 
s.  d. 
p.  d. 
8.  d. 
s.  d 
doz. 
...  6  0to36  0 
Ferns,  var.,  doz . 
4  0tol8  0 
•  •• 
...  18  0 
36  0 
Ferns,  small,  100  . 
4  0 
6  0 
5  0 
4  0 
1  6 
12  0 
9  0 
6  0 
4  0 
9  0 
6  0 
8  0 
10  6 
9  0 
2  0 
30  0 
18  0 
18  0 
18  0 
15  0 
9  0 
12  0 
Ficus  elastica,  each .  10  7  0 
Foliage  plants,  var.,  each  10  5  0 
Lilium  Harrisi,  doz . 12  0  18  0 
Lycopodiums,  doz .  3  0  4  0 
Marguerite  Daisy,  doz.  ...  4  0  9  0 
Mignonette,  doz .  4  0  6  0 
Myrtles,  doz .  6  0  9  0 
Palms,  in  var.,  each .  1  0  15  0 
„  specimens  .  21  0  63  0 
Pelargoniums,  scarlet,  doz.  2  0  4  0 
AVERAGE  WHOLESALE  PRICES.- 
-CUT  FLOWERS. — Orchids  in  variety. 
8.  d. 
8.  d. 
8.  d. 
8.  d. 
Arum  Lilies,  12  blooms  ... 
3  0  to  5  0 
Mignonette,  doz.  bnchs. ... 
2  0  to  4  0 
Asparagus  Fern,  bunch  ... 
1  0 
2  6 
Mimosa  or  Acacia,  bunch 
Bouvardias,  bunch  . 
0  6 
0  8 
(French)  . 
0  9 
1  0 
Carnations,  12  blooms 
1  0 
3  0 
Narciss,  white  (French) 
Chrysanthemums,  12  bnchs. 
2  0 
6  0 
dozen  bunches  . 
2  6 
4  0 
,,  ,,  12  blooms 
0  6 
2  6 
Orchids,  var,,  doz.  blooms 
1  6 
12  0 
Eucharis,  doz . 
4  0 
6  0 
Pelargoniums,  doz.  bnchs. 
4  0 
6  0 
Gardenias,  doz . 
2  0 
4  0 
Roses  (indoor),  doz . 
0  6 
1  0 
Geranium,  scarlet,  doz. 
,,  Tea,  white,  doz.  ... 
1  0 
2  0 
bnchs . 
4  0 
6  0 
„  Yellow,  doz.  (Perles) 
1  6 
4  0 
Hyacinths  (Roman)  dozen 
„  Red,  doz.  blooms  ... 
1  0 
1  6 
bunches  . 
6  0 
9  0 
,,  Safrano  (English)doz. 
1  0 
2  0 
Lilac  (French),  bunch  ... 
3  0 
5  0 
„  „  (French)  per  doz. 
1  0 
1  6 
Lilium  lancifolium,  short. 
„  „  .,  per  100... 
5  0 
7  0 
per  12  blooms  . 
1  0 
1  6 
„  Pink,  doz . 
1  0 
2  6 
Lilium  longiflorum,  12 
,,  outdoor,  doz.  bnchs. 
4  0 
6  0 
blooms  . 
4  0 
6  0 
Smilax,  bunch . 
1  6 
2  6 
Lily  of  the  Valley,  12 
Tuberoses,  12  blooms 
0  3 
0  4 
sprays  . 
1  0 
2  0 
Violets,  doz.  bnchs . 
1  6 
2  0 
Marguerites,  doz.  bnchs.... 
2  0 
3  0 
„  Parme  ^French), 
Maidenhair  Fern,  doz. 
bunch . 
2  6 
3  6 
bnchs . 
4  0 
8  0 
A  MODEL. 
Wk  suppose  tliat  the  objects  of  a  liorae  farm  are  to  supply  dairy 
produce,  poultry,  and  other  products  for  the  owner’s  private  con¬ 
sumption,  and  to  provide  him  with  an  object  of  interest  near  his  own 
doorstep  at  little  or  no  cost.  To  fultil,  however,  the  latter  requirement, 
