January  2,  1902. 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER. 
23 
PHOTOGEAPH  received  witli  thanks  from  G.  R.  Peerless,  Esq. 
ERICAS  IN  COLD  PIT  (A  Reader). — It  is  impossible  for  us  to 
say  udiether  the  injury  your  plants  have  received  is  sufficient  to  cause 
their  destruction.  Thousands  of  Ericas  are  wintered  in  unlieated 
pits,  but  they  are  well  protected,  and  even  a  few  degi-ees  of  frost  will 
not  kill  the  hardier  species,  luit  it  often  browns  and  disfigures  them. 
Do  not  remove  your  plants  to  a  warm  house,  but  keep  them  as  cool 
as  possible  consistently  with  the  frost  being  excluded,  and  you  will 
adopt  the  best  mode  of  mitigating  any  injury  the  plants  have  received. 
ANGR^CUM  SESQUIPEDALE  not  expanding  (R.).— 
The  condition  of  tlie  fiow'ers  we  attribute  to  the  dense  fogs  that  have 
prevailed  in  your  district,  in  conjunction  with  the  prolonged  low 
temperature.  Had  you  placed  the  thermometer  close  to  the  flow'er 
spike  near  the  glass  you  would  have  found  it  several  degi’ees  lower 
than  the  body  of  the  house  ;  but  the  fogs  are  the  principal  cause  of 
the  injury,  especially  as  you  are  situated  near  largo  chemical  works, 
the  deleterious  gasesTrom  which  could  not  escape  from  the  moisture¬ 
laden  atliiosplierc. 
20NAL  PELARGONICMS  IN  POTS  (A.  H.).— In  all  proba¬ 
bility  you  will  find  on  turning  the- plants  out  of  their  pots  that  tlie 
roots  are  not  in  a  strong  active  growing  state.  In  this  case  we  should 
remove  a  portion  of  the  old  soil  from  them  and  i-epot  in  clean  well- 
drained  pots  of  the  same  size,  and  encourage  gi’owth  by  placing  the 
plants  in  a  light  position  in  a  house  having  a  minimum  temperature  of 
45  deg.  to  50  deg. ;  fresh  roots  would  then  foi  m  speedily,  and  as  soon 
as  these  protruded  through  the  pots  we  should  repot  as  you  propose. 
You  may  remove  the  old  soil  and  apply  fresh  about  Fe])ruary,  or 
whenever  you  can  ensure  a  genial  temperature  for  growing  on  the 
plants  without  check. 
WHITE  FLY  INFESTING  TOMATOES  (Novice).  —  It  is  a 
kind  of  midge,  and  is  not  by  any  means  common,  and  mostly  infests 
such  plants  as  have  hairy  leaves,  such  as  Gesneras,  Lantanas,  Ac. 
It  deposits  its  eggs  on  the  under  sides  of  the  foliage,  and  undoubtedly 
feeds  on  the  juices  of  the  plants.  The  glutinous  substance  on  tlie 
plants  is  a  consequence  of  the  presence  of  the  insects.  They  may  be 
destroyed  by  fumigation  Avith  toliaceo  smoke,  but  upon  the  least 
presence  of  smoke  they  fall  to  the  floor,  as  the  smoke  is  not  nearly  so 
dense  at  the  floor  as  in  the  ujiper  part  of  the  house.  Prior  to 
fumigating,  the  floor,  borders,  Ac.,  should  be  well  syringed,  but  not 
the  plants,  and  as  the  insects  cannot  endure  a  wet  surface  they  will 
be  destroyed.  A  fcAV  fumigations  at  intervals  of  a  feAV  daysAvill  soon 
de.stroy  the  pests. 
NAMES  OF  FRUIT. — Correspondents  whose  queries  are  un¬ 
answered  in  the  present  issue  are  respectfully  requested  to  consult  the 
following  number.  (Enquirer). — 1,  Pear  Beurre  Diel ;  2,  Apple  Dutch 
Mignonne  ;  3,  Apple  Emily  Childs.  Fruits  sent  in  roll  of  cardboard. 
NAMES  OF  PLANTS. — Correspondents  whose  queries  are  un¬ 
answered  m  the  present  issue  are  respectfully  requested  to  consult  the 
following  number.  (A.  Nettleton). — 1,  Laelia  anceps,  good  form ; 
2.  Yanda  caerulea ;  3,  Darlingtonia  californica.  (A.  B.). — 1.  Begonia 
Hemsleyana;  2.  B.  earnea.  (.J.  P.). — Justieia  earnea.  (N.  M.). — 
1,  Azara  mierophylla.  one  of  the  prettiest  evergreen  shrubs  there  are  ; 
2  and  3,  both  Lonicera  fragrantissinia.  (A.  F.). — Pi’obably  Gymno- 
granima  caudatum ;  this  differs  Avidely  from  most  of  its  bretlu’en  of 
the  genus. 
Covent  Garden  Market, — January  1st. 
Averagre  Wholesale  Prices.— Vegetables. 
s. 
d. 
s.  d 
Artichokes,  green,  doz. 
2 
0  to3  0 
,,  Jerusalem,  sieve 
1 
6 
0  0 
BataA’ia,  doz . 
2 
0 
0  0 
Beans,  French,  per  lb. 
0 
8 
0  9 
Beet,  red,  doz . 
0 
6 
0  0 
Brus.scls  Sprouts,^sieve 
2 
0 
3  0 
Cabbages,  tally  . 
1 
6 
3  0 
Carrots,  doz.  bnch. 
2 
0 
2  6 
CaulifloAver,  doz. 
3 
0 
0  0 
Corn  Salad,  strike 
1 
0 
1  3 
Cucumbers,  doz . 
6 
0 
0  0 
Endive,  doz . 
1 
0 
1  3 
Herbs,  bunch  . 
0 
2 
0  0 
Horseradish,  bunch  ... 
1 
6 
0  0 
Leeks,  bunch  . 
Lettuce,  Cabbage,  doz 
Mushrooms,  forced,  Ib. 
Mustard  &  Cress,  piint. 
Parsley,  doz.  bnchs  ... 
Potatoes,  English,  CAvt. 
Radishes,  doz . 
Seakale  . 
Shallots,  lb . 
Spinach,  bush . 
Tomatoes,  Canary  con¬ 
signment  . 
Turnips,  doz.  bnch.  ... 
AYatercress,  doz . 
s.  d. 
s.  d 
0  litoO  2 
1  0 
1  3 
0  8 
0  9 
0  2 
0  0 
2  0 
3  0 
4  0 
5  0 
1  6 
0  0 
1  0 
1  3 
0  2 
0  3 
2  0 
3  0 
4  0 
5  0 
2  0 
3  0 
0  6 
0  8 
Average  Wholesale  Prices. — Plants  In  Pots. 
s.  d.  s.  d 
Aralias,  doz .  5  0tol2  0 
Araucaria,  doz .  12  0  30  0 
Aspidistra,  doz .  18  0  36  0 
Chrysanthemums,  doz.  0  0  0  0 
Crotons,  doz .  18  0  30  0 
Cyclamen,  doz . 10  0  12  0 
Dracama,  var.,  doz.  ...  12  0  30  0 
Dracaena,  viridis,  doz.  9  0  18  0 
Erica  gracilis,  doz.  ...  10  0  12  0 
>,  cafl'ra,  doz . 15  0  18  0 
,,  hycmalis  ...  .  9  0  15  0 
„  „  alba . 12  0  18  0 
s.  d.  s.  d 
Ferns,  var,  doz . 
4 
0tol8 
0 
Ferns,  small,  100 . 
10 
0 
16 
0 
PTcus  elastica,  doz.  ... 
9 
0 
12 
0 
Foliage  plants,  var,  each 
1 
0 
5 
0 
LycojAodiums,  doz.  ... 
3 
0 
0 
0 
Marguerite  Daisy,  doz. 
8 
0 
10 
0 
Myrtles,  doz . 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Palms,  in  var.,  doz.  ... 
15 
0 
30 
0 
,,  specimens 
21 
0 
63 
0 
Primulas  . 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Shrubs,  in  pots  . 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Solanums  . 
8 
0 
12 
0 
Average 
Who'esale  Prices.— Fruit. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d 
s. 
d. 
a.  d 
Apples,  cooking,  bush. 
6 
0to8 
0 
Lemons,  Mesena,  case 
12 
0tol6  0 
,,  dessert  . 
8 
0 
20 
0 
Oranges,  per  case 
4 
0 
16  0 
Bananas . 
8 
12 
0 
Pears,  English,  ^  sieve 
0 
0 
0  0 
Figs,  green,  doz . 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Pears,  French,  crate ... 
9 
0 
12  0 
Grapes,  Alicante,  lb. ... 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Pines,  St.  Michael's, 
,,  Colman  . 
1 
0 
1 
6 
each . 
2 
6 
,,  Hamburgh  ... 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Plums,  ^  sieve  . 
0 
0 
0 
,,  Muscat  . 
2 
6 
3 
6 
AValnuts,  ^  sieve . 
0 
0 
0 
Average  Wholesale  Prices.— Cut  flowers 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d 
s. 
d. 
s.  d 
Arums,  doz . 
6 
0  to  8 
0 
Lilium  1.  rubrum 
2 
0to2  6 
Asparagus,  Fern,  bnch. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Lilium  longiflorum  ... 
5 
0 
8  0 
Bouvardia,  Avhite, 
Lily  of  the  Valley,  12 
doz.  bunches . 
6 
0 
8 
0 
bnchs  . 
12 
0 
24  a- 
Bouvardia,  coloured. 
Maidenhair  Fern,  doz. 
doz.  bunches... 
6 
0 
8 
0 
bnchs . 
6 
0 
8  0- 
Camellias,  Avhite . 
3 
6 
0 
0 
Marguerites,  Avhite, 
Carnations,  12  blooms 
1 
3 
1 
9 
doz.  bnchs . 
2 
0 
4  O' 
Cattleyas,  doz . 
8 
0 
12 
0 
,,  yelloAv,  doz.  bnchs. 
0 
6 
1  0 
Chrysanthemums, 
Odontoglossums . 
5 
0 
6  0 
specimen  blooms. 
Primula,  double  white, 
doz . 
1 
0 
4 
0 
doz.  bunches . 
6 
0 
8  0 
,,  Avhite,  doz.  bnchs. 
4 
0 
8 
0 
Roses,  Niphetos,  white, 
,,  coloured,  doz.  bnchs 
3 
0 
8 
0 
doz . 
1 
0 
3  0 
Cypripediums,  doz.  ... 
3 
0 
4 
0 
,,  pink,  doz . 
4 
0 
6  0 
Eucharis,  doz . 
6 
0 
8 
0 
,,  yellow, doz. (Perles) 
2 
0 
3  0 
Gardenias,  doz . 
6 
0 
0 
0 
,,  red,  doz . 
0 
0 
0  0 
Geranium,  scarlet,  doz. 
Smilax,  bnch  . 
2 
6 
3  0 
bnchs . 
9 
0 
12 
0 
Stephanotis,  doz. 
0 
0 
0  0 
Hyacinth,  Roman, 
Tuberoses,  gross . 
6 
0 
0  0- 
doz.  bunches . 
8 
0 
9 
0 
Violets,  single,  doz  ... 
1 
6 
2  & 
Lilium  lancifolium  alb. 
2 
0 
2 
6 
,,  double,  doz . 
3 
0 
4  0 
1902:  Its  Agricultural  Prospects'. 
That  the  past  two  or  three  seasons  have  been  very  dis¬ 
couraging  to  farmers,  few  will  contradict ;  and  it  may  be  inter¬ 
esting  to  gather  a  few  warnings  from  them,  and  to  note  their 
influence  on  the  immediate  future.  Since  stock-raising  and  the 
production  of  meat  have  become  such  important  items  in  the 
finances  of  the  farm,  the  influence  of  drought  in  diminishing 
profits  has  been  much  greater  than  it  used  to  be  when  Corn 
growing  was  a  profitable  game  ]  for,  as  a  rule,  dry  seasons 
produce  good  crops  of  Wheat  and  Barley  of  excellent  quality, 
being  only  unfavourable  to  sandy  soils,  which  are  not  exten¬ 
sive  in  this  country.  Grass  in  many  parts  of  England,  and 
practically  all  over  the  south,  has  given  a  very  poor  return- 
for  two  years;  but  the  fields  which  have  suffered  most  are 
those  which  have  been  laid  down  in  recent  years,  but  more 
than  two  or  three. 
To  get  a  good  swarth,  newly  sown  down  pastures  must  be 
well  manured  for  a  year  or  tAvo,  and  the  manure  has  helped' 
such  fields  to  Avithstand  the  drought;  but  manure  cannot  be 
continually  applied  for  an  indefinite  time,  and  hundreds  of 
acres  of  seven  or  eight  years’  ley  have  been  of  very  little  use 
to  their  occupiers.  As  a  fact,  if  dry  seasons  are  to  continue, 
assistance  must  be  given  to  these  fields  by  the  consumption 
of  additional  food  upon  them.  Where  is  it  to  come  from? 
There  is  no  surplus  hay  or  straAV ;  so  there  is  no  other 
resource  except  green  catch  crops,  Avhich  may  be  soAvn,  if 
they  are  not  already  growing,  upon  land  which  has  failed  to- 
produce  a  plant  of  Clover.  We  fear  that  such  fields  are  only 
too  numerous  ;  at  any  rate,  they  are  as  far  as  our  OAvn  experi¬ 
ence  extends.  To  get  a  good  crop  of  Tares  or  Rye,  Avhich- 
AAull  be  Avorth  moAving  to  cart  aAvay  and  consume  on  grass,  the 
seed  should  have  been  soAvn  at  Michaelmas,  and  Ave  knoAV 
several  such  plots  which  promise  Avell  for  next  summer. 
If  Aveather  be  mild  in  February,  further  breadths  may  be 
sown  ;  but  we  should  recommend  Avinter  Tares,  not  spring 
Vetches.  A  field  of  summer  Cabbage  is  also  very  useful  if 
the  plants  are  ready  for  use  by  midsummer.  There  is  an 
abunclance  of  strong  August-soAvn  plants  still  to  be  had, 
and  if  they  are  spoken  for  at  once,  and  planted  late  in 
February  or  early  in  March,  many  of  the  earliest  Avould 
