January  16,  1902. 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER. 
49 
All  Beads  sent  Cirria'a  Paid  on  reseipt  of  remittance 
THE  BEST  SEEDS  IN  THE  WORLD  for  securing  a  suppiy 
Of  Vegetables  “the  year  round,’’  and  for  keeping  the  Flower 
Garden  and  Greenhouse  always  gay,  and  with  abundance  of 
Flowers  to  out  for  vases  and  bouquets. 
BARR’S  SEED  GUIDE  contains  a  select  List  of  the 
best  Vegetables  and  the  most  beautiful  Flowers  for  Garden 
and  Greenhouse.  It  is  full  of  Practical  Hints,  and  will  be 
found  invaluable  to  Gardeners,  Amateurs,  and  Exhibitors, 
Sent  free  on  application. 
BARR’S  21/-  COLLECTION  OP  VEGETABLE  SEEDS 
contains  a  liberal  assortment  of  the  following  useful 
Vegetables:  Beans  (Broad  and  French),  Beet,  Borecole, 
Broccoli,  Brussels  Sprouts,  Cabbage,  Capsicum,  Carrot, 
Cauliflower,  Ceiery,  Colewort,  Corn  Salad,  Cucumber,  Cress, 
Endive,  Herbs,  Leek,  Lettuce,  Melon,  Mustard,'  Onions, 
Parsley,  Parsnips,  Peas,  Radish,  Salsafy,  Savoy  Cabbage, 
Scorzonera,  Spinach,  Tomato,  Turnip,  and  Vegetable  Marrow. 
OTHER  COLLECTIONS  of  BURR’S  VEGETABLE 
■SEEDS,  5/6,  7/6,  12/6,  42  -,  63/-,  and  103/-. 
Full  particulars  on  application, 
BARR’S  CHOICE  FLOWER  SEEDS-The  “Seed  Guide” 
contains  a  Select  List  of  all  the  most  beautiful  Annuals  and 
Perennials.  Special  Collections  for  all  purposes,  and  many 
Sterling  Novelties. 
A14  Seeds  sent  Carriage  Paid  on  receipt  of  remittance. 
BARR  &  SONS, 
11, 12,  &  13,  Kmg  St.,  CoYent  Garden,  London 
Nurseries:  LONG  DITTON,  near  SURBITON,  SURREY. 
ESTABLISHED  1832. 
No  connection  with  any  other  Jinn  of  a  similar  name. 
Successors  to  the  late  BARON  VAN  PALLANDT. 
SPRING 
CATALOGUE 
For  1902, 
OF 
Vegetable  and  Flower  Seeds 
AND 
BULBS  &  PLANTS, 
IS  NOW  READY. 
Will  be  sent  post  free  on  application  to  their  Offices 
at  OVERVEEN,  HAARLEM,  HOLLAND,  or  to 
their  General  Agents — 
Messrs.  MERTENS  &  GO., 
3,  CROSS  LANE,  LONDON,  E.C.  ^ 
No.  1125. — VoL.  XLIV.,  Third  Series. 
ECKFORD'S 
ECKFORD’S  .  . 
^  GIANT  SWEET  PEAS. 
'  The  purity  and  stamina  of  these  Home-Grown 
Stocks  are  so  conserved  by  special  methods  of  culture, 
that  tlie  seeds  possess  phenomenal  strength  and 
vitality. 
Twelve  Giant  varieties,  quite  distinct,  splendid 
tor  Exhibition,  2'9  post  free, 
The  following  splendid  novelties  for  190''  are  sup 
plied  ■  in  1/-  packets — '"Lord  Eosebery  "  (Eosy 
Magenta  Self);  “.leanic  Gordon”  (Dright  Eos* 
shaded  Cream);  "Grade  Green'wood”  (Cream- 
shaded  Pink,  edged  deep  Pink), 
The  al'ove  rj  varieties  and  3  novelties  (1.5  in  all) 
■when  ordered  togetlier,  5  6  post  free. 
Send  for  a  Catalogue  wiih  full  description  free. 
ECKFORD'S  .  . 
UNRIVALLED  CULINARY  PeAS. 
Nothing  on  the  market  like  them  for  Flavour  and 
Cropping  capacity,  Enormous  yields  under  favourable 
conditions.  Collections  for  5  months  continuous 
supply  (see  page  2  Catalogue), 
A  Booklet  on  “How  to  grow,  and  when  to 
sow  Culinary  Peas”  free  tvith  each  order. 
GENUINE  ONLY 
direct  from  Wem. 
Awarded  no  less 
than  60  Gold  & 
Silver  Medals. 
ECKFORD’S 
PURc  VEGETABLE  SEEDS. 
Resu  ts  from  all  quarters  prove  them  to  be 
unequalled  for  purity,  vigour,  and  yield.  They  are 
beyond  all  doulit  al'solutely  the  cheapest  and  best 
ever  offered  to  the  public.  Collection  for  12  months' 
sui-p  T,  f-'/t,  5>1 42/-,  63/-.  105/-.  all 
aornage  paid.  Other  collections,  2/9.  5/“  and  7/6 
post  free, 
choicest  flower  SEEDS. 
No  expense  or  pains  are  spared  to  ensure  the 
highest  merit  in  these  pure  and  selected  stocks,  They 
tar  above  tl.s  average  in  quality. 
ECKFORD’S  ILLUSTRATED  CATALOGUE 
(with  valuable  Cnltiiral  Notes)  should  be  in  the  hand 
oi  every  Gardener  (Amateur  and  Professional)  and 
is  sent  h  fc  fe  of  receipt  of  postcard. 
Address  — 
HENRY  ECKFORD, 
Seed  Grower,  WEM,  SALOP. ^ 
■  E 
TO  THE  TRADE! 
WHOLESALE  SEED  CATALOGUE 
We  have  now  published  our  Wholesale  Catalogue  of 
VEGETABLE  and  FLOWER  SEEDS, 
Containing  also  the  best  Novelties  of  the  Season,  all  the 
recent  improved  varieties  of  Sweet  Peas  ;  also  List  of  over 
150  varieties  choice  Fern  spores.  May  be  had  on  Appli¬ 
cation.  Any  of  our  Customers  flot  having  received  one  by 
post  will  oblige  by  letting  us  know,  when  another  shall  at 
once  be  posted. 
WATKINS  &  SIMPSON,  SeedUercliaDls, 
12,  Tavistock  Street,  Covent  Garden,  London,  W.C. 
Seed  &  Trial  Grounds — Feltham  &  Twickenham,  Middlesex. 
Dicksons 
HARDILY. GROWN  \ 
FOREST,  FRUIT, 
AND  ALL  OTHER 
TREES&PLANTS 
EVERGREENS, 
ROSES,  &c. 
Stocks  quite  Unequalled  for 
‘  QUALITY,’  ‘  VARIETY,’  &  ‘  EXTEHT.’ 
Priced,  Catalogues  Poet  Free. 
X  Ncbsebibs  800  Aorbs.  y 
Chester 
THURSDAY,  JANUARY  16,  1902.  - 
Old-time  Gardening. 
{Continued  from  page  528,  last  volume.) 
N  order  to  obtaia  a  clearer  com- 
prehension  of  the  very  early 
type  of  garden,  it  will  be 
necessary  to  add  some  details 
to  what  was  stated  in  the  last 
article.  Gardens  were  not  large, — 
perhaps  half  an  acre  in  extent 
^  would  be  over  the  average ;  an  acre 
was  certainly  a  large  one.  4>ut  where 
the  garden  was  situated  inside  the  moat,  as 
it  very  frequently  was,  an  orchard  outside 
was  supplementary  to  the  garden  proper. 
Much  the  same  state  of  matters  existed  in 
the  case  of  religious  houses.  The  gardens  of 
the  wealthy  citizen  or  of  the  Franklin  was 
necessarily  of  a  different  type,  and  contained 
in  one  enclosure  the  garden  of  pleasure,  the 
garden  of  herbs,  fruit  trees,  and  even  some¬ 
times  forest  trees  and  shrubs.  Moreover, 
the  garden  at  the  period  under  review  was 
the  only  place  where  privacy  could  be 
secured.  A  very  superficial  study  of  the 
manners  of  the  people,  when  all  ranks  lived 
in  common,  ate  at  the  sam:^  table,  and  sat 
in  the  same  hall,  proves  this  to  be  the  case. 
This  is  one  u^ason  why  gardens  were  enclosed 
with  so  much  care,  at  a  time  when  the  fields, 
as  a  rule,  were  open  to  intruders  of  all  kind. 
The  fence,  too,  was  most  needful  to  prevent 
the  entrance  of  deer  and  cattle,  and  of 
thieves. 
The  wealthy  enclosed  their  gardens  with 
high  walls  of  stone,  sometimes  painted  ;  and 
we  also  read  of  them  adorned  with  pictures 
of  an  allegorical  nature.  A  not  uncommon 
kind  of  fence  was  constructed  of  close  pales, 
inside  of  which  some  close-growing  shrub 
was  planted,  to  hide  the  fence  from  view. 
A  less  expensive  fence  was  composed  of  turf, 
outside  of  which  it  was  customary  bo  dig  a 
deep  ditch.  Other  fences  were  of  living 
Readers  are  requested  to  send  notices  of  Gardening 
Appointments  or  Notes  of  Horticnltural  Interest, 
intimations  of  Meetings,  Queries,  and  all  Articles  for 
Publication,  officially  to  “  THE  EDITOR  ”  at 
12,  Mitre  Court  Chambers,  Fleet  Street, 
London,  E.C.,  and  to  no  other  person  and  to  no  other 
address. 
