January  30,  1902. 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER, 
115 
ROSE  GRAFTIXG  (A.  Thomson,  Redlands). — Mr.  Foster- 
Melliar  so  aptly  says  all  that  we  might  have  tried  to  say  our¬ 
selves  on  the  subject  about  which  you  write  that  we  will  just 
quote  his  lines  from  his  fine  “Book  of  the  Rose.”  Thus:  “This 
mode  of  working  the  Rose  upon  another  stock  is  so  inferior  to 
budding  in  many  ways  that  it  only  survives  because,  with  the  aid 
of  heated  houses,  it  can  be  practised  in  the  winter.  Anyone  who 
has  the  proper  appliances,  can  thus  increase  his  stock  of  any 
particular  variety  manyfold  in  the  middle  of  winter,  and  thus 
multiply  the  number  of  buds  he  will  be  able  to  use  when  the  out¬ 
door  stocks  are  ready.  It  is  in  this  way  that  new  Roses  are  so 
quickly  propagated,  but  of  course  any  other  variety  which  has 
become  scarce  can  be  increased  in  the  same  manner.  Healthy 
young  stocks,  not  too  large,  should  be  established  the  year  before 
for  the  purpose.  They  may  be  Manetti  or  Briar  cuttings,  but 
the  Manetti  is  best,  from  its  ready  rooting  power,  and  its 
susceptibility  and  readiness  to  grow  when  exposed  to  heat.  The 
opei'ation  is  generally  performed  in  January.  .  .  All  available 
shoots  of  the  Rose  should  be  cut  off  and  stuck  into  the  ground 
somewhere  where  they  will  not  be  injured  by  frost  or  excited  by 
heat,  but  kept  in  the  winter  sleep.  The  stocks,  however,  should 
be  just  a  little  'fonvarder,’  by  having  been  brought  into  the 
house  a  short  time  before,  not  actually  started,  but 
grow  at  once  on  the  application  of  heat.”  e  furnish  three 
figures  for  further  help,  that  on  the  left  showing  the  whip  grafts, 
and  the  other  two  the  wedge  graft,  which  forms  are  most  con¬ 
venient.  The  part  marked  h,  is  a  portion  of  the  stock;  is  a 
well-ripened  Rose  shoot.  Sometimes  moss  or  clay  is  bound  on 
over  the  raffia  ligatures.  If  the  scion  or  graft  fits  evenly  to 
one  side  of  the  stock — that  is,  inner  bark  to  inner  bark— -this  is 
all  that  is  required.  The  plants  are,  after  this,  placed  In  bottom 
heat  in  a  frame  which  excludes  the  air,  or  in  a  small  pit,  which¬ 
ever  one  may  have. 
MUSHROOM  BEDS  OUTDOORS  NOT  BEARING  IN 
WINTER  (G.  F.  O.  B.).— The  only  way  we  can  suggest  is  to  make 
the  beds  up  earlier,  say  in  September,  and  then  they  would  come 
into  bearing  about  December,  extra  covering  being  necessary 
bo  maintain  the  temperature  or  exclude  the  cold,  and  even  then 
severe  weather  would  materially  affect  the  produce  of  the  beds 
or  retard  the  bearing.  Indeed,  the  weather  is  the  great  factor, 
though  Mushrooms  evolve  heat  and  thus  help  production  in  cold 
periods.  No  doubt  the  manure  collected  in  late  summer,  aiituinn, 
and  winter  is  the  best,  and  unless  you  can  procure  suitable 
material  it  would  be  preferable  to  wait  until  your  usual  time  of 
making  up  the  beds.  This  is  consonant  with  your  experience, 
your  output  of  9,6861b  of  Mushrooms  off  300yds  of  beds,  though 
they  all  came  on  about  February  and  lasted  till  end  of  June  from 
bed’s  made  up  from  October  till  end  of  January.  We  advLse  you 
to  adhere  to  the  practice  you  have  found  successful. 
BANKING  UP  ASPARAGUS  (Idem).— As  your  plants  have 
the  crowns  about  Sin  or  4in  below  surface,  and  yonr  salesman 
advises  you  not  to  blanch  but  grow  it  naturally,  it  will  not  be 
necessary  to  bank  up  the  beds,  as  the  heads  may  be  cut  without 
damage  'to  the  crowns  when  gathering,  especially  if  the  soil  is 
cleared  away  partially  with  the  knife  and,  after  cutting,  replaced. 
If  you  bank  up  you  must  do  this,  it  not  being  po.ssible  to  cut 
bla'nched  heads  satisfactorily  without  removing  the  soil  to  some 
extent.  For  that  purpose  the  banking  up  should  not  exceed 
Sin,  for  it  is  iiecessar>'  that  the  heads  have  some  edible  part 
or  green  or  purple,  tliis  being  2in  or  3in  in  length.  We  should 
not  cover  the  crowns  more  than  Gin  with  fine  soil,  and  tliLs  will 
give  you  cutting  space  without  danger  of  damaging  the  crowns. 
SPOTTED  LEAVES  OF  ORCHIDS  (J.  B.  C.,  Subscriber). 
— The  spot  on  the  leaf  of  Leelia  aiiceps  is  caused  by  a  fungus, 
which  by  its  mycelial  hyplne  destroys  the  tissues,  and  forms 
brown  or  black  spots  in  irregular  circles  seated  on  a  pale  patch 
on  the  leaf  resembling  fairy-rings,  the  paleness  indicating  the 
presence  of  the  mycelium  in  the  living  or  invaded  tissues,  and 
is  due  to  the  abstraction  of  the  clilorophyll,  or  green  colouring, 
substance  of  the  leaf,  and  the  consequent  collapse  of  the  cells 
infected,  cau.sing  them  to  shrink  and  thus  have  a  depressed 
appearance.  There  are  no  “  fruits,”  hence  we  cannot  determine 
the  fungus,  though  it  accords  with  Heterosporiiim  gracile  in  the 
form  and  localisation  of  the  mycelium.  The  spots  on  the  leaf  of 
Dendrobium  Phalsenopsis  Schroderianum  appear  to  he  produced 
by  the  same  parasitic  fungus,  and  even  accords  more  with  the 
species  of  Heterosporium  named  by  its  large,  long,  up  to  ^in, 
diseased  spots.  It  is  probably  an  infectious  disease,  and  may 
be  prevented  from  spreading  by  spraying  or  sponging  the  spots 
with  ammoniacal  copper  carbonate  solurion,  made  as  follows: 
Mix  carbonate  of  copper  and  Ijoz  carbonate  of  ammonia,  and 
dissolve  it  in  about  half  a  pint  of  hot  water.  When  thoroughly 
dissolved  add  4  gallons  of  cold  water.  Treating  the  spots  with 
methylated  spirit  has  also  been  found  useful.  The  fungus  is 
probably  favoured  by  a  chill,  such  as  is  occasioned  by  a  moist  warm 
period  followed  by  a  sudden  lowering  of  temperature.  Keep  the 
foliage  as  free  from  moisture  as  possible,  securing  good  ventila¬ 
tion,  and  avoid  watering  the  leaves. 
NAMES  OF  PLANTS. —  Correspondents  ithose  queries  are  un¬ 
answered  in  the  present  issue  are  respectfully  requested  to  consult  the 
following  number.  (R.). — 1,  Hedera  Helix  pallida;  2,  H.  H.  triloba, 
a  commonly  cultivated  variety ;  3,  H.  H.  chrysophylla.  (A.  B.  R.). — 
1,  Ipomfea  Horsefallim ;  2,  Ruellia  macrantha  (not  a  “new”  plant); 
3,  Psilotum  triquetrum,  peculiar  from  the  fact  that  it  has  no  true 
roots.  (A.  N.). — The  typical  Witch  (or  Wych)  Hazel — Haniamelis 
arborea,  a  pi-etty  shrub.  (J,  F.  M.). — 1,  Pinus  Bungeana ;  2.  Pinus 
montana ;  3.  Pinus  ponderosa ;  4.  Pinus  excelsa ;  5,  Pinus  Laricio 
austriaca ;  6.  Pinus  insignis.  The  Bamboos  are — 1,  Arundinaria 
japomca  (A.  Metake),  and  2.  Bambusa  palmata. 
NAMES  OF  FRUIT. — Correspondents  whose  queries  are  un 
answered  in  the  present  issue  are  respectfully  requested  to  consult  the 
following  number.  (Devonshire). — 1,  Rosemary  Russat ;  2,  Credenhill 
Pippin. 
Trade  Catalogues  Received. 
.James  Cocker  &  Sons.  130,  Union  Street,  Aberdeen. — Seeds,  Bedding' 
Plants,  Florists’  Floicers. 
B.  R.  Davis  &  Sons,  The  Yeovil  Nurseries,  Yeovil,  Somerset. — 
Begonias,  1902. 
Dickson’s  &  Co..  1,  Waterloo  Place.  Edinburgh. — Seeds. 
W.  Fromow  &  Sons,  Sutton  Court  Nurseries,  Chiswick,  r.jondon,  W. — 
Seeds. 
.Julius  Heurlin,  Blue  Hill  Nurseries.  South  Braintree,  Mass,  U.S.A. — 
Herbaceous  Perennials  and  Alpine  Plants. 
Hudson’s  Seed  Depot  34.  High  Road.  Chiswick. — Seeds. 
Irish  Agricultural  Wholesale  Society,  Ltd.,  151,  Thomas  Street, 
Dublin. — Seeds. 
Ant.  Roozen  &  Sons,  Overveen,  Haarlem  (British  agents :  Mertens 
and  Co..  3.  Cross  Lane.  St.  Mary-at-Hill,  London,  E.C.). — 
Catalogue  of  Seeds  and  Bulbs  for  1902. 
Benjamin  Soddy,  243,  Walworth  Road,  London,  S.E. — Seeds,  Bulbs^. 
and  Plants. 
Vilmorin,  Andrieux  &  Co.,  4,  Quai  de  la  Megisserie,  Paris. — Seeds. 
American  Agricultural  Notions. 
Through  the  kindness  of  a  friend  we  have  been  fortunate 
enough  to  inspect  the  Year  Book  of  the  United  States 
Department  of  Agriculture  for  1900. 
This  work  annually  finds  its  way  into  the  homes  of  500,000 
farmers  in  the  States,  but  we  believe  that  English  people 
may  find  great  difficulty  in  procuring  a  copy,  a  very  few  only 
being  sent  to  officials  of  our  most  prominent  agricultural 
societies.  It  is  a  most  remarkable  volume,  extending  to 
nearly  900  pages,  and  being  illustrated  with  eighty-seven 
