184 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER, 
February  27,  1902. 
Royal  Horticultural  Society. 
Sixty-eight  new  Fellows  were  elected  at  the  Drill  Hall  meeting 
on  Tuesday  last. 
Sale  of  a  Border  Estate. 
The  e.state  of  Hillend,  near  Reston,  Berwickshire,  extending 
to  upwai'ds  of  500  acres,  has  been  bought  by  private  treaty  by 
Mr.  Denholm,  of  Press  Castle,  from  Mr.  Mack,  of  Coveyheugh. 
American  Export  Apple  Trade. 
The  total  shipments  to  European  ports  during  the  week 
ending  February  1,  1902,  were  34,091  barrels,  including  4,463 
barrels  from  Boston,  6,150  barrels  from  New  York,  7,009  barrels 
from  Portland,  16,380  barrels  from  Halifax,  and  689  barrels  from 
St.  John,  New  Brunswick.  The  total  shipments  included 
15,839  barrels  to  Liverpool,  13,701  barrels  to  London,  4,841 
barrels  to  Glasgow,  and  1,110  barrels  various.  The  .shipments  for 
the  same  week  last  year  were  52,873  barrels.  The  total  ship¬ 
ments  since  the  opening  of  the  season  have  been  664,477  barrels, 
against  1,199,604  barrels  for  the  same  time  last  year.  The  total 
shipments  this  season  include  134,230  barrels  from  Boston, 
121,531  barrels  from  New  \ork,  67,803  barrels  from  Portland, 
122,406  barrels  from  Montreal,  213,780  barrels  from  Halifax,  and 
4,727  barrels  from  St.  John,  N.B. 
Cardiff  Gardeners’  Asso:iation. 
At  a  meeting  held  at  the  Grand  Hotel,  on  Tuesday, 
February  18,  Mr.  J.  J.  Graham  delivered  a  lecture,  entitled 
“  Some  Ihseful  Plants  for  Winter  Flowering.”  The  chief  subjects 
mentioned  were  Cyclamen,  Bouvardias,  Begonias,  and  Poin- 
settias,  giving  every  detail  to  grow  them  successfully.  The 
best  thanks  of  the  association  was  accorded  Mr.  Graham  for 
his  able  lecture.  The  Chairman  announced  that  on  March  4 
Mr.  Donald  Sutherland,  electrical  engineer  to  the  Cardiff  Cor¬ 
poration,  would  give  a  lecture^  entitled  “  General  Outline  and 
Management  of  Electrical  Storage  Batteries  (such  as  are  installed 
in  private  residence.s).”  This  is  a  new  departure,  and  arranged 
as  a  benefit  to  those  gardeners  who  have  a  compulsory  charge  of 
a  private  electrical  plant. 
Fruit  to  Australia. 
The  Orient  Pacific  Comimny,  reports  the  "  Liverpool 
Journal  of  Commerce,”  has  issued  a  circular  offering^  to 
take  fruit  and  vegetables  to  Australia  at  a  rate  per  box. 
Ihe  boxes  are  not  to  be  larger  than  2ft  lOin  cubic  mea.surement, 
and  half-boxes  are  to  be  allowed  if  they  do  not  exceed  1ft  5in. 
The  freight  to  Fremantle  is  to  be  5s.  per  box,  and  2s.  9d.  per 
half-box,  and  to  the  other  ports  4s.  3d.  and  2s.  3d.  Arrangements 
will  be  made  for  the  transhipment  of  boxes  to  such  Australasian 
ports  as  the  company  does  not  call  at.  It  is  quite  likely  that  this 
may  be  the  beginning  of  an  important  trade  with  the  colonies,  as 
though  Australia  produces  a  larger  amount  of  fruit  on  her  own 
account,  the  seasons  here  and  there  are  interchanged,  and  Italian 
fruit  will  come  in  when  their  trees  are  not  in  bearing. 
California’s  Fruit  Resources. 
The  fruit  resources  and  exports  of  California  are  well  *et 
forth  in  the  annual  Harvest  Number  of  the  “  Paoifio  Fruit 
World.”  It  is  shown  on  the  basis  of  the  crop  shipments  for  the 
year  1900  that  the  fruit  and  vegetables  raised  in  California  for 
the  eastern  or  foreign  markets  equal  in  a  single  year  about  50,000 
oarloads  of  ten  tons  each,  or  500,000  tons ;  or,  to  carry  it  still 
farther,  one  billion  lbs.  Of  this  amount,  the  Citrus  fruit  ship¬ 
ments  oompose  about  half ;  fresh  fruit  about  10,000  carloads ; 
cured  fruits  as  much  more ;  canned  fruits  about  8,000  carloads ; 
Raisins  between  3,000  and  4,000  carloads ;  vegetables,  fresh  and 
canned,  over  5,000  carloads ;  wine  and  brandy,  10,000  carloads ; 
Walnuts  and  Almonds,  nearly  700  carloads.  This  production  is 
worth  more  than  the  gold  taken  from  tho  mines  of  the  Golden 
State,  and  the  wealth  produced  is  more  widely  and  evenly  dis¬ 
tributed.  This,  too,  is  but  a  single  item  of  the  many  resouroes 
of  the  great  State.  It  does  not  take  into  account  the  grain,  the 
lumber  and  the  many  other  vast  industries  contributing  to  tho 
welfare  and  prosperity  of  California. 
Rose  Show  Fixtures. 
Mr.  Mawley,  hon.  secretary  of  the  National  Rose  Society, 
kindly  sends  us  a  list  of  the  Rose  Show  fixtures  he  has  so  far 
received.  These  will  be  found  in  our  general  fixtures  list  in  the 
back  pages. 
Appointments. 
Mr.  E.  D.  Smith,  late  head  gardener  at  Sway  House, 
Lymington,  Hants,  has  succeeded  in  obtaining  the  post  of  head 
gardener  to  the  Gravesend  Corporation,  and  takes  up  his  duties, 
on  March  3.  *  *  Mr.  E.  G.  Creek,  late  foreman  at  Woodbridge 
Nursery,  Ipswich,  as  head  gardener  to  A.  Fraser,  Esq.,  Wester- 
field  House,  Ipswich. 
Weather  in  South  Perthshire. 
Frost  gave  way  on  the  latter  part  of  the  18th,  and  since  then 
the  weather  has  been  dull  and  cold,  with  a  good  deal  of  drizzling 
rain.  There  v'as,  however,  comparatively  little  thaw,  as  the 
thermometer  rose  very  little  above  32deg  till  the  evening  of 
Sunday,  which  was  milder.  Rain  fell  all  day  on  Monday,  witb 
the  thermometer  at  41deg. — B.  D.,  S.  Perthshire. 
Droitwich  Experimen'tal  Garden. 
The  sixth  annual  report  of  the  above  for  the  year  1901,  and 
second  annual  report  of  the  County  Instruction  Gardens  in  the 
County  of  Worcester,  is  newly  issued.  The  numbers  of  varieties- 
of  fruit  trees  and  their  names  are  tabulated,  showing  78  sorts- 
of  Apples,  47  of  Plums,  35  of  Pears,  13  of  Gooseberries,  the  same 
amount  of  Strawberries,  11  varieties  of  Currants,  and  9  of  Rasp¬ 
berries.  The  treatment  of  the  fruit  trees  in  regard  to  style  and 
time  of  pruning,  liming  of  the  soil,  manuring,  and  notes  on  the 
forms  of  the  trees,  the  kind  of  stock  used,  wRen  the  fruit  was 
gathered  from  each  variety,  also  its  weight  and  quality,  are 
points  one  finds  carefully  reported  upon.  Mr.  James  IJdale,  the 
chief  horticultural  instructor  for  Worcestershire,  who  is  respon¬ 
sible  for  the  report,  has  produced  a  very  interesting  and  useful 
summai’y  of  the  year’s  work. 
Moffat  Trees  Action. 
Sheriff  Fleming,  on  the  17th  inst.,  issued  his  judgment  in  an 
appeal  by  the  heritors  of  Moffat,  N.B.,  agaimst  a  resolution  of 
the  Moffat  Town  Council  to  cut  down  five  old  Lime  trees  on  the 
side  of  the  public  street  opposite  the  Parish  Church.  The  removal 
of  the  trees  had  been  resolved  upon  as  part  of  a  scheme  for- 
jmproving  the  roadway.  Sheriff-Substitute  Campion  in  October- 
dismissed  the  appeal,  holding  that  there  was  not  sufficient 
evidence  to  instruct  the  heritors’  claim  of  property.  Sheriff 
Fleming  has  now  reversed  that  judgment,  finding  that  the  onus 
of  proving  ownersliip  lies  on  the  Town  Council,  who  have  failed 
to  prove  that  it  does  not  belong  to  the  heritors.  His  Lordship 
observes  that,  if  for  reasons  of  public  safety  the  Council  desire 
the  removal  of  the  trees,  they  must  proceed  under  other  po^vers- 
than  those  which  they  seek  here  to  exercise. 
Crops  of  1901. 
The  usual  monthly  meeting  of  the  Royal  Meteorological- 
Society  was  held  on  Wednesday,  the  19th  inst.,  at  the  Society’s- 
Rooms,  70,  Victoria  Street,  Westminster,  Mr.  W.  H.  Dines, 
B.A.,  president,  in  the  chair.  Ten  new  Fellows  were  elected. 
Mr.  E.  Mawley  submitted  his  report  on  the  “  Phenological 
Observations  for  the  Year  1901.”  He  showed  that,  as  affecting, 
vegetation,  the  weather  was  chiefly  remarkable  for  the  scanty 
rainfall  during  the  growing  period  of  the  year.  The  deficiency 
was  not  confined  to  any  part  of  the  British  Isles,  but  was  more 
keenly  felt  in  the  English  counties  than  in  either  Scotland  or- 
Ireland.  Wild  plants  came  into  flower  very  late,  but  not  quite 
as  late  as  in  the  previous  phenological  year,  which  was  an  excep¬ 
tionally  backward  one.  The  swallow,  cuckoo,  and  other  spring 
migrants  were  as  a  rule  rather  behind  their  usual  dates  in 
reaching  these  islands.  The  crops  of  Wheat,  Barley,  and  Oats 
were  all  more  or  less  above  average  in  Scotland  and  Ireland.  On- 
the  other  hand,  in  England,  although  there  was  a  fair  yield  of 
Wheat,  that  of  Barley  and  Oats  was  very  deficient.  Hay  proved 
everywhere  a  small  crop,  and  especially  so  in  the  southern  districts 
of  England.  Beans,  Peas,  Turnips,  Swedes,  Mangolds,  and 
Potatoes  were  all  more  or  less  under  average  in  England,  but 
either  good  or  fairly  good  elsewhere.  The  yield  of  Hops  proved 
singularly  abundant.  Apples,  Pears,  and  Plums  were  below 
average,  especially  Apples,  but  the  small  fruits  as  a  rule  yielded 
well.  Taking  farm  and  garden  crops  together,  seldom  has  there 
been  a  less  bountiful  year. 
