206 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER, 
March  6,  1902. 
Seaside  Planting. 
(Concluded  from  pa^je  580,  last  vol.) 
I  may  now  conclude  by  an  enumeration  of  a  few  deciduous 
shrubs. 
Sea  Buckthorn  (Hippophae  rhamnoides). — This  native 
plant  finds  a  congenial  home  on  the  English  coasts,  being  as 
hard  as  nails,”  and  especially  useful  for  growing  on  the  sea^- 
coast  either  in  the  cold  North  or  balmy  South.  It  will 
grow  in  almost  pure  sand,  and  where  constantly  exposed  to 
the  fiercest  blasts.  For  affordina;  shelter  it  has  no  equal  in 
shrubs.  Its  twiggy  branches  and  growth,  ending  in  spines, 
•*ift  and  split  the  wind  in  a  most  beneficial  manner. 
Tamarisk  (Tamarix  gallica  and  T.  germanica). — These 
shrubs  grow  with  great  freedom  in  poor  soils,  even  in  almost 
pure  sand.  The  former  grows  to  a  height  of  about  12ft,  and 
has  nearly  as  much  branch-spread,  and  produces  an  abund¬ 
ance  of  showy  flowers.  The  latter  is  the  dwarfer,  attaining 
to  a  height  of  about  6ft,  has  small  leaves,  and  conspicuous 
sp  kes  of  reddish  flowers.  Both  transplant  well,  and  are 
excellent  for  seacoast  planting,  especially  on  English  coasts. 
Common  and  Double  Gorse  (Ulex  europoeus  and  U.  e. 
Hore-pleno). — For  maritime  wastes,  high  and  dry  ;  for  though 
the  Furze,  Gorse,  or  Whin  will  grow  in  stiff  clay  as  well  as 
■on  stony  ground,  it  detests  water-logged  soils.  Not  any  in¬ 
digenous  or  exotic  shrub  surpasses  this  in  golden  sheen  or 
in  sombre  greenness,  even  when  leafless,  nor  any  withstand 
the  winds  and  storms  better  on  the  seacoast  at  high  eleva¬ 
tions.  Indeed,  the  double  Gorse  is  a  very  beautiful  plant, 
literally  all  “gold”  in  the  spring.  Common  Gorse  should 
b'e  sown  where  it  is  to  remain,  and  it  forms  not  only  excellent 
shelter  to  partridges  on  the  inland  parts  of  cliffs  by  the  sea, 
but  adorns  the  often  otherwise  monotonous  swarth.  Double 
dorse  requires  to  be  in  pots  for  ensuring  safe  transplantation. 
Sweetbriar  (Eosa  rubiginosa). — Who  does  not  love  sweet 
Eglantine  ?  The  sweet-scented  foliage  perfumes  the  air,  and 
drives  “dull  care,”  if  not,  indeed,  disease,  “away.”  The 
Iruits  in  autumn  are  even  more  attractive  than  the  pink 
flowers  of  summer,  though  the  sweet  scent  of  the  plant  is 
the  great  charm.  It  likes  a  generous  soil,  light  rather  than 
heavy,  and,  in  any  case,  well  drained. 
Snowberry  (Symphoricaipus  racemosus). — This  plant 
spreads  rapidly  by  its  suckers,  and  it  forms  a  good  wind¬ 
break,  though  only  growing  over  4ft  to  6ft  in  height.  The 
flowers  are  much  sought  after  by  bees,  and  its  large  white 
fruits,  persistent  through  a  great  part  of  the  winter,  form 
■excellent  food  for  game. 
Dogwood  (Comus  sanguinea). — The  Dogberry  has 
greenish-white  flowers  in  cymes  during  June,  and  not 
pleasantly  scented.  Its  branches,  however,  are  dark  red, 
and  the  wood  is  good  for  skewers,  arrows,  and  gunpowder¬ 
making.  Better,  it  stands  the  sea  breeze  bravely,  and  will 
grow  in  the  drip  of  trees,  hence  useful  for  thickening  planta¬ 
tions,  and  does  best  in  damp  situations. 
Flowering  Currant  (Eibes  sanguineum). — This  very  hand¬ 
some  shrub  thrives  well  in  positions  near  the  sea,  and 
in  the  spring  is  very  effective.  It  thrives  in  any  ordinary 
generous  soil,  and  if  rather  damp,  but  not  water-logged,  all 
the  better. 
Common  and  Persian  -  Lilac  (Syringa  vulgaris  and  var, 
alba.  S.  persica). — The  common  Lilacs  are  tall-growing,  and 
the  Persian  only  about  half  the  height.  They  do  exceedingly 
well  near  the  sea,  and  are  beautiful  in  flower  as  well  as 
sweetly  scented. 
Willow-leaved  Meadowsweet  (Spirsea  salicifolia). — The 
terminal  recemes,  rosy  or  pink,  of  this  plant  are  attractive 
in  July  and  August,  and  it  spreads  considerably  by  its 
•stoloniferous  roots.  It  thrives  by  the  sea,  and  will  form  a 
dwarf  hedge. 
Spanish  Broom (Spartium  junceum). — In  August  the  bright 
yellow  flowers  of  this  shrub  are  very  conspicuous,  and  it  is 
one  of  those  that  bear  cutting  in  or  even  down  well,  hence 
may  be  kept  relatively  dwarf,  indeed  cut  down  annually 
without  prejudice  to  the  flowering. 
Common  and  White  Brooms  (Cytisus  scoparius  and 
C.  albus). — The  first  has  yellow  flowers,  and  is  the  hardier, 
being  a  native ;  while  the  other  has  smaller  and  white 
flowers,  produced  in  the  greatest  profusion  during  May. 
The  Brooms  prefer  light,  well-drained  soils,  but  grow  well 
near  the  sea.  only  standing  high  and  dry. 
Guelder  Eose  (Viburnum  Opulus). — The  Snowball  Tree 
has  white  flowers  in  a  sub-globose  cyme  during  June  and 
July.  It  does  well  by  the  sea,  though  not  in  the  front  rank. 
Blackthorn  or  Sloe  (Prunus  spinosa). — What  is  there  that 
this  spring  bush  will  not  stand  in  the  way  of  bleakness  1  It 
flowers  in  the  early  spring  when  few  other  shrubs  dare,  and 
stands  the  sea  breeze  well,  though  not  nearly  so  bravely  as 
the  Sea  Buckthorn.  It  is  valuable  for  coverts  by  the  sea. 
Deutzia  crenata  syn.  scabra. — In  generous  but  not  very 
rich  soil  this  very  handsome  shrub  grows  well  by  the  se^ 
side,  and  produces  its  white  racemes  of  flow^ers  in  May  and 
June.^ — Geo.  Abbey. 
- - 
The  Rosery. 
Octogenarian  Roses. 
One  does  not  often  hear  of  such  aged  Eoses,  nor  do  I  wish  to 
suggest  that  they  actually  reach  this  age  in  a  separate  existence, 
but  to  have  a  bed  of  Rose  trees  that  an  owner  can  point  to  as  being 
in  his  family’s  possession  for  at  least  eighty  years  is  certainly 
something  to  be  proud  of,  and  something  not  common.  This,  how¬ 
ever  can  be  claimed  by  the  venerable  Sir  ,  John  \\  allington,  of 
Keevil  Manor,  Wiltshire.  In  a  border  on  the  outskirts  of  his 
lawn  are  a  quantity  of  the  old-fashioned  Cabbage  Eoses,  that  Sir 
John  Wallington  can  trace  back  clearly  for  eighty  years.  How 
much  longer  than  this  they  may  have  been  in  the  family  possession 
is  not  certain.  Despite  the  length  of  faithful  service  theSe  Eoses 
have  given,  they  yield  their  annual  wealth  of  deliciously  fragrant 
blossoms,  and  are  a  floral  treat  that  nowadays  is  not  given  to  every¬ 
one.  They  were,  no  doubt,  a  legacy  handed  down  from  former 
members  of  the  family,  and  it  is  certain  they  could  not  have 
fallen  into  better  hands  than  those  of  their  present  owner,  ,^Bd 
when  the  time  comes,  which  is  not  hopefully  anticipated,  for  these 
Roses  to  fall  into  new  hands,  we  feel  sure  posterity  will  not  soon 
forget  one  who  has  so  tenderly  watched  them  through  the  vicissi¬ 
tudes  of  so  many  winters  and  summers.  They  are,  of  course, 
grown  on  native  roots,  and  the  succession  maintained  by  cuttings 
or  layers.  Sir  John  Wallington  is  an  equally  keen  enthusiast  in 
border  Carnations,  his  collection  being  kept  up  to  date  by  the 
introduction  of  the  best  of  the  novelties  available  from  the  best 
sources.  Locally  Sir  John  Wallington’s  name  is  intimately  asso¬ 
ciated  with  Carnations,  and  there  are  few  better  judges  of  a 
good  florist’s  type  of  flower. — W.  Steugnell. 
Garden  Roses.* 
“  Besides  beds  of  the  grand  Hybrid  Perpetuals  and  Teas,  w'e 
can  use  the  older  Roses  intelligently.  We  want  the  Damask, 
and  Provence,  and  Moss,  and  old  Pink  China  in  beds  and  pretty 
grouping  ;  the  neat  habited  American  lucida  and  its  charming 
double  variety ;  and  the  Scotch  Briars,  so  good  on  banks  in  poor 
soil ;  and  the  rest  of  the  old  favourites,  for  some  use  or  another, 
the  newer  introductions  are  soon  at  home  with  us.  The  Japanese 
rugosa  has  become  indispensable,  and  now  that  hybridists  have 
taken  this  grand  hardy  thing  in  hand  the  lovely  varieties  that 
are  being  raised  are  greatly  increasing  our  stock  of  garden 
treasures.  No  kind  of  Rose  is  better  for  massing  in  exposed 
places  or  on  rough  banks ;  it  is  free  and  hardy  in  its  vigorous 
bsuhy  growth,  and  will  do  well  even  in  London. 
“  The  most  remarkable  development  of  all,  and  the  one  that 
gives  the  strongest  evidence  of  the  lately  enlarged  interest  in 
practical  gardening,  is  the  increase  in  the  numbers  of  the 
rambling  Roses  and  the  single  kinds  of  free  growth.  These  com¬ 
prise  the  good  old  Roses  that  come  within  the  classes  known 
as  Ayrshire  and  sempervirens,  with  the  addition  of  those  derived 
from  the  Musk  Roses  and  the  Himalayan  _  R.  polyantha  and 
R.  brunoniana.  Every  ne-w  garden  that  is  being  laid  out  i!s 
providing  for  a  pergola  or  arbour  or  flowery  screen  where  these 
beautiful  growrihs  may  be  displayed,  while  older  gardens  are 
being  carefully  looked  over  to  find  the  right  places  for  the  placing 
of  some  of  the  wealth  of  material  that  only  awaits  careful  choice 
and  judicious  use.  Many  a  modest  garden  has  a  field  hedge  for 
its  boundary.  Whether  on  a  hank,  as  is  usual  in  the  southern 
counties,  or  not,  such  a  hedge  generally  has  thin  or  gappy  places 
wEere  a  free  rambling  Rose  will  show  its  best  beauty.  The 
sloping  grass  banks  that  are  dull  features  in  so  many  gardens 
mav  be  beautifully  clothed  with  the  Scotch  Briars  or  with  Rosa 
lucida  or  the  rugosas,  or,  if  of  a  large  extent,  with  some  of  the 
Ayrshire,  so  beautiful  in  their  natural  way  of  groAvth  without 
any  artificial  support,  or  with  the  fast-growing,  the  close-trailing 
Wichuriana  or  one  of  its  descendants.  Another  wny  of  using  the 
free  Roses  is  to  let  them  run  up  old  trees  that  are  not  too  full 
of  branches,  or  for  the  clothing  of  some  half-bare  or  unsightly 
shrubby  space.  The  well-known  ways  of  having  Roses  on  pillars 
and  arches  are  already  practised ;  but  there  should,  be  more  use 
made  of  a  support,  w-hether  high  or  low,  of  not  one  post  only, 
but  a  circle  of  posts  some  6ft  across,  to  show  the  free  Roses  in 
still  greater  masses.” 
*  Part  of  a  short  paper  by  Miss  Gertrude  .Jekyll,  V.M.H. ,  in  the  “  Kosarian’s 
Year  B(  ok  ”  for  1902. 
