March  6,  1902. 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTIGULTURB  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER,  21T 
YOUNG  GAUDENER’S  EDUCATION  (Apprentice). — If  you 
will  kindly  send  your  name  and  address  we  will  reply  through 
these  columns.  The  name  and  address  we  never  publish,  if  asked 
not  to. 
REINECKEA  CARNEA  (J.  A.  W.,  Somerset). — The  genus  is 
monotypic,  and  is  under  the  N.O.  Liliaceae.  Mr.  George  Nicholson 
describes  it  in  his  invaluable  “  Dictionary  of  Gardening.”  The 
name  was  given  to  the  plant  in  honour  of  a  German  botanist, 
Reineck. 
PRUNING  HYBRID  PERPETUAL  ROSES  (S.  W.).— In 
pruning  these  take  out  the  old  and  weak  shoots,  and  those  that 
cross  each  other,  so  as  to  form  a  well-shapen  head.  They  require 
pruning  to  two  eyes  if  the  heads  are  as  large  as  desired,  or  if 
increase  of  head  be  desired,  to  four  eyes.  Prune  them  at  once. 
REPLANTING  STANDARD  ROSES  (K.  C.).— You  may  now 
take  up  the  Roses  that  have  been  planted  five  years,  and  replant 
them  after  having  renewed  the  soil,  and  applied  a  liberal 
dressing  of  manure.  Defer  pruning  until  the  buds  begin  to  swell 
freely,  or  a  month  or  six  weeks  after  planting,  and  prune  rather 
close.  November  is  the  best  time  for  pruning,  but  it  may  be 
done  in  spring,  especially  with  the  more  tender  sorts.  It  will 
cause  them  to  bloom  later. 
VINE  LEAVES  TURNED  BROWN  (One  in  a  Fix).— We  are 
at  a  loss  to  account  for  the  scorching  of  the  leaves  and  fruit  so 
early  as  February  14.  The  temperature  from  fire  heat  must 
have,  been  extremely  high,  and  the  air  of  the  house  excessively 
dry,  and  some  other  cau.se  must  have  existed  as  well,  to  account 
for  the  complete  destruction  of  the  foliage  and  fruit.  We  think 
your  border  good,  though  we  should  have  liked  it  better  had  it 
not  been  so  deep,  and  without  leaves  over  the  drainage.  Your 
pit  is  4ft  deep  with  1ft  of  drainage  at  the  bottom,  and  a  good 
thickness  of  leaves  above  it.  Leaves  are  apt  to  become  a  soap¬ 
like  mass,  and  thus  prevent  water  escaping  freely  by  the  drainage. 
In  place  of  the  leaves  we  would  recommend  you  to  place  bin 
more  rubble  on  that  already  at  the  bottom  of  the  pit,  then  a 
layer  of  turves,  grass  side  downwards,  and  then  to  fill  in  with 
turfy  loam  from  a  sandy  soil  chopped  with  a  spade,  adding  to  this 
equal  quantities  of  boiled  4iu  bones  and  charcoal,  so  as  to  form 
one-sixth  of  the  whole.  Instead  of  mixing  any  manure  with  the 
compost,  rely  on  top-dressings  of  rich  compost  for  nourishing  the 
Vines.  Vegetable  matter  is  apt  to  form  a  close  heavy  mass  when 
thoroughly  decomposed,  and  the  Vine  will  not  thrive  in  a  soil 
containing  an  excess  of  close,  heavy  vegetable  or  animal  matter 
partially  or  wholly  decomposed.  As  the  roots  are  healthy,  to 
what  do  you  attribute  the  weakness  of  the  wood.P  If  you  are 
satisfied  it  is  due  to  the  misfortune,  and  not  to  the  border,  by  all 
means  leave  the  latter  alone.  We  see  nothing  wrong  in  it  except 
its  depth,  the  leaves  over  the  drainage,  and  the  manure  mixed 
with  the  soil.  Turf,  manure,  and  bone  dust  being  its  ingredients, 
we  do  not  see  how  it  could  be  improved  except  as  above.  All  the 
soi’ts  are  good  for  general  purposes.  Your  best  course  would  be 
to  train  a  shoot  from  the  bottom  of  the  rod  and  cut  back  the  old 
rod  to  that  shoot  after  it  had  pushed  another  shoot  a  foot  or 
so  long.  If  cut  out  now  the  danger  of  bleeding  is  great,  and  the 
Vines  will  be  weakened.  The  young  cane  will,  if  the  roots  are 
healthy,  reach  the  top  of  the  house  this  season,  and  if  ivell 
ripened  a  crop  of  fruit  may  be  had  in  the  following  year.  We 
do  not  think  any  good  would  result  from  retaining  the  old  rod 
and  weak  spurs  upon  it. 
NAMES  OF  PLANTS. —  Correspondents  whose  queries  are  un¬ 
answered  in  the  present  issue  are  respectfully  requested  to  consult  the 
following  number.  (A.  L.  F.).— The  Mimosa  is  botanically  Acacia 
dealbata.  The  red  fiower  is  Oestrum  elegans.  (B.). Begonia 
ulmit'olia.  a  species,  usually  only  to  be  found  in  botanic  gardens. 
(.J.  R..  Preston).—!.  Sternbergia  Fischeriana;  2.  Helleborus  caucasicus; 
2,  Galanthus  Elwesianus.  (.J.  T.).— 1,  Cattleya  Loddigesi ;  2,  Vanda 
Amesiana. 
EDITORIAL  NOTICE. — Our  readers  can  greatly  assist  in  adding 
interest  to  the  pages  of  “The  Journal”  by  their  kindly  con¬ 
tribution  of  timely  notes  and  notices,  and  at  the  present  period 
of  the  year  there  may  be  photogi-aphie  examples  of  well-gi’own 
fruit.  &e..  growing  or  otherwise,  that  would  be  worthy  of  repro¬ 
duction.  The  Editor  would  be  pleased  to  have  such  subjscts  for 
consideration  and  probable  use.  He  does  not  guarantee  to  pay 
for  prints  unless  by  special  agreement. 
Trade  Note, 
Messrs.  Cassell  and  Co.,  Limited,  London,  have  published 
Part  1  (price  6d.  net)  of  a  new  and  enlarged  edition  of  “  Familiar 
Wild  Flowers,”  by  F.  E.  Hulme.  Those  who  would  eare  to 
begin  the  study  of  the  British  Flora,  could  not  have  a  more 
favourable  opportunity  than  is  presented  at  the  introduction  of 
this  new  Spring,  and  by  taking  “Cassell’s  Wild  Flowers”  as 
each  part  appears,  the  interest  will  gradually  be  broadened  and 
pleasantly  led  on.  Ten  coloured  plates,  with  descriptive  text  is 
given  in  Part  1.  These  can  be  had  at  nearly  all  booksellers. 
Rhodesia  and  its  Bine  Book. 
Especially  that  part  of  it  which  bears  upon  agriculture 
is  what  we  wish  to  consider.  We  have  enjoyed  reading  the 
report  (1898-1900)  of  the  Administration  of  Rhodesia,  and  we 
have  added  much  to  our  geographical  knowledge  by  the 
study  of  the  three  clear,  well-printed  maps.  They  convey 
°ome  idea  of  the  magnitude  of  the  country,  and  we  must 
confess  we  had  no  previous  knowledge  of  the  many  rivers 
and  their  tributaries.  The  maps  give  the  impression  of  a  well 
watered  land,  and  without  water — well !  There  appears  to 
us  to  be  one  great  drawback ;  there  is  no  seacoast,  no  ports 
for  the  shipment  of  goods,  but  all  must  be  conveyed  many 
weary  miles  to  the  coast.  Perhaps  we  make  more  of  this 
omission  on  the  part  of  Nature  than  we  need  ;  but  it  was 
so  impressed  upon  us  in  youth  that  a  seaboard  was  such  a 
fine  thing  to  possess,  that  we  still  feel  a  country  is  placed, 
at  a  great  disadvantage  that  can  boast  of  no  London,  Liver¬ 
pool,  Hull,  or  Newcastle.  Rhodesia!  Never  did  the 
Psalmist  ever  conceive  that  one  man  during  his  lifetime 
should  live  to  see  so  great  a  country  called  after  his  name  I 
Practically  we  suppose  he  has  discovered  it;  at  any  rate,  it 
is  not  his  fault  if  its  riches,  its  beauties,  and  general  desii’- 
ableness  are  not  well  known  through  the  length  and  breadth 
of  the  habitable  globe. 
Has  the  reader  any  desire  to  journey  to  this  new  Canaan? 
Here  in  this  volume  he  is  told  the  day  and  the  hour  he  must 
leave;  Waterloo  for  Southampton,  the  fare  by  mail  or  inter¬ 
mediate  steamer  from  Southampton  to  Cape  Town  ;  what 
luggage  he  uiav  take  ;  how  he  is  to  proceed  from  Cape 
Town,  Port  Elizabeth,  or  East  London  to  Bulawayo,  and 
what  the  fare  will  be.  Even  the  charges  in  the  refreshment 
rooms  are  stated,  and  the  rates  for  excess  luggage.  Or 
supposing  the  journey  is  to  Beira  or  Salisbury,  the  informa¬ 
tion  is  equally  full ;  the  names  of  the  various  shipping, 
companies  are  given,  and  even  the  price  of  collecting  rail 
parcels  at  Bulawayo.  What  might  happen  if  we  ever  got 
involved  in  any  difficulties  with  the  Portuguese  would  be 
hard  to  say.  The  route  via  Beira  would  soon  be  closed. 
We  do  not  think  for  a  moment  that  any  difliculties  will 
arise  ;  but  there  is  a  little  awkwardness  in  having  another 
nation’s  territory  between  us  and  the  sea. 
Now  for  the  terms  upon  which  settlers  may  obtain  land 
in  Southern  Rhodesia.  Persons  desirous  of  obtaining 
grants  of  land  apply,  in  the  first  instance,  to  the  Surveyor- 
General  Salisbury,  who,  if  he  finds  the  applicant  has. 
capital  enough  to  work  the  land,  will  forward  the  appli¬ 
cation  to  His  Honour  the  Administrator.  The  tenant  must 
pledge  himself  to  occupy  the  land  beneficially  for  a  term  of 
five  years.  He  is  free  to  cultivate  or  graze.  The  rent  will 
vary  from  £3  to  £15  per  annum  for  a  1,500  morgen  farm 
(3,000  acres).  At  the  expiration  of  the  five  years  the  land 
may  be  bought  outright  at  the  price  of  9d.  (ninepence)  per 
acre.  The  cost  of  surveying  the  farms  seems  high  in  pro¬ 
portion  to  the  rent — £30  for  1,500  morgen,  and  £40  for 
3,000  morgen,  the  payment  is  allowed  to  extend  over  twelve 
months.  The  whole  of  Southern  Rhodesia  is  well  watered, 
and  is  particularly  suited  for  stock-raising.  Cattle  do  well ; 
sheep  and  goats  thrive  in  many  parts  ;  horses  are  subject 
to  horsH  sickness  (of  which  we  will  say  more  hereafter)  : 
pigs — well,  this  land  must  be  a  Pig  Paradise  1 — food  enough 
and  to  spare,  and  as  yet  no  porcine  disease  ;  poultry  and 
eggs  command  a  good  market,  but  fowl  cholera  exists,  we 
may  add  it  also  exists  in  other  countries  as  well  as 
Rhodesia,  but  we  think  it  is  a  complaint  that  yields  to  treat¬ 
ment. 
Now,  as  to  produce.  A  rather  tiresome  expression  keeps 
recurring — irrigation.  Certain  things  do  well  under  irri¬ 
gation.  Does  this  mean  that  irrigation  already  exists,  or 
that  it  will  have  to  be  seen  to  first  before  these  lands  are 
ofmuch\alue  to  the  farmer?  If  the  individual  farmer  has 
to  artificially  irrigate  his  land  before  attempting  cultivation, 
we  fear  he  will  want  such  a  capital  the  interest  of  whicL 
