:\ray  1,  1902. 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER. 
377 
CARTONS 
Choice  Dwarf=Growing  Evergreen 
lAWN  GRASSES 
Require  mowing  less  frequently  than  others. 
Descriptive  Circular  and.  all  particulars  post  free 
on  application  to 
o  w 
SEED  EXPERTS, 
WARRINGTON. 
XMTO^XOES. 
XT  having  come  to  our  knowledge  that  a 
person  professing  to  represent  our  House, 
and  giving  the  names  of  Maitland  and  Fraser, 
and  possibly  other  names  also,  has  during  the 
past  few  weeks  called  upon  our  Customers,  as 
well  as  upon  Nurserymen,  sometimes  asking 
for  the  loan  of  money  to  assist  him  home. 
We  wish  to  state  that  we  have  no  representa¬ 
tive  either  of  the  name  of  Fraser  or  Maitland, 
and  that  anyone  representing  our  House  is 
always  in  a  position  to  furnish  the  necessary 
credentials  and  evidence  of  being  in  our  employ. 
Reading.  SUTTON  &  SONS. 
CHRYSANTHEMUMS. 
strong.  Sturdy,  Well-rooted  Plants. 
COLIiElCTIONS,  Special  Value,  Our  Selection 
Early  Flowering  }  1/6,  2/6,  and  3/6  per  dozen. 
Decorative  . .  . .  j  6/-,  7/6,  and  12/6  per  loo. 
Japanese . \  1/6,  2/6,  3/6,  and  5/-  per  dozen. 
Incurved . j  5/6,  9/-,  i2/6  and  15/-  per  50. 
Spidery  )  2/-  per  dozen.  Pompons  )  1/6  per  dozen. 
Hairy..  )  3/6  for  24.  Singles  )  4/6  for  50. 
C'arrume  I'aid  for  Cash  loith  Order. 
Descriptive  Catalogue  (nearly  varieties)  Free  on  application. 
C.  E.  &  F.  W.  LILLEY,  LTD.,  ST,  PETER’S,  GUERNSEY 
H.  J.  JONES 
Has  much  pleasure  in  offering  the  following  plants, 
and  guarantees  they  are  good  value  for  money.  All 
sent  free  for  cash  with  order. 
H.  J.  JONES’  MICHAELMAS  DAISIES,  finest  collection 
in  the  world,  6  best  kinds  4/-,  12  ditto  7/6,  26  ditto  13/-. 
'TUBEROUS  BEGONIAS,  double,  mixed  colours,  6  for  3/-, 
12  for  6/- ;  singles,  ditto.  6  for  1/9,  12  for  3/-.  CANNAS,  6 
fine  kinds  4/6,  12  ditto  8/-.  CARNATIONS,  6  fine  kinds  3/-, 
12  ditto  6/-.  CACTUS  DAHLIAS,  6  fine  kinds  2,6,  12 
ditto  4/6.  FUCHSIAS,  6  fine  kinds  2/-,  12  ditto  3/6. 
•GLOXINIAS,  6  fine  named  kinds  6/-.  HELIOTROPIUMS, 
6  fine  named  kinds  2/-,  12  ditto  3/6. 
H.  J.  JONES’  Grand  New  Set  ZONAL  PELARGONIUMS 
for  1902,  the  best  ever  raised.  1  plant  each  of  tha  12 
kinds,  30/-.  2  New  BEDDING  ZONAL8,  both  .sports  from 
H.  Jacoby — “King  Edward  VII.,”  identical  with  the 
parent  except  that  the  wood  and  both  leaf  and  flower  stalks 
are  white,  1/-  each,  10/-  per  doz.  ;  “Princess  of  Wales.” 
.foliage  beautifully  variegated,  Jacoby  flowers,  2/6  each. 
The  CACTUS  ZONAL,  “Fire  Dragon,”  each  individual 
pip  like  a  cactus,  unique,  1/-  each,  3  for  2/6.  6  Grand  New 
SINGLE  ZONALS  3/-,  12  ditto  5/6.  6  very  flue  sized 
VZONALS  2/3,  12  ditto  4/-.  6  Grand  New  DOUBLE  ZONALS 
.•3/-,  12  ditto  5/6;  6  very  fine  ditto  2/3,  12  ditto  4/-.  IVv- 
LEAF  PELARGONIUMS,  6  finest  new  kinds,  including 
“  Queen  Alexandra,’’  6/-,  6  fine  older  kinds  3/-,  12  ditto  5/-. 
DOUBLE  PETUNIAS,  6  finest  kinds  2/6,  12  ditto  4/6. 
‘CATALOGUES  of  the  above,  containing  much  useful 
information,  and  List  of  Reliable  Seeds  at  moderate 
prices,  sent  Post  Free. 
RYECROFT  NURSERY,  LEWISHAM,  S.E. 
ORCHIDS. 
•Clean  Healthy  Plants  at  Low  Prices. 
Always  icorth  a  visit  of  insiiection.  Kindly  send  for  CaUdoyue, 
NEW  LIST  NOW  READY. 
Exotic  Nurseries,  CHELTENHAM. 
ROBERT  GREEN 
(Limited), 
Nurserymen  and  Florists. 
:  Nurseries:  HOUNSLOW. 
I  Offices:  28  &  29,  CRAWFORD  STREET,  W. 
I  DRAC^NAS,  CROTONS. 
I  PANDANUS,  and 
!  CALADIUM  ARGYRTTES, 
SPECIALITIES  ! 
Pot  Roses,  Hyrdangea  Paniculata,  Sedum  Sieboldi. 
BEDDING  BEGONIAS. 
ALL  OUR  OWN  RAISING.  Per  100 
SINGLE,  mixed,  started,  out  of  pots  ..  ..  20/- 
,•  ,,  ,,  in  pots . 25/- 
,,  to  colour,  out  of  pots  . 30/- 
,,  ,,  in  pots . 35/- 
DOUBLE,  mixed,  started,  oui  of  pots  ..  ..  30/- 
1,  ,,  in  pots . 35/- 
,,  to  colour,  started,  out  of  pots  . .  ..  60/- 
,,  ,,  ,,  in  pots  ..  ..  65/- 
C'ATALOGUE  ON  A  fPLICA  I'lON. 
JOHN  I>EEr>  &  sou, 
WEST  NORWOOD,  LONDON,  S.E. 
FOR  PLEASURE  AMU  PROFIT 
.Nothing  so  profitable  and 
easy  to  grow. 
8o  Acrei;  of  Saleable  Trees. 
THE  BEST  PROCUHABLE. 
Lists  Free. 
A  'W-ll 
OS 
HUNDREDS  olTHOUSANDS. 
Bushes  in  variety.  Packing  and 
\  Carriage  free  for  Cash  with  order. 
S/“  per  doz.,  GO/-  per  ICO. 
All  other  Nursery  Stock 
tarria^e  /orward.  ^ 
[inPOTS  From  15/-  a  doz. 
Ornamental  Trees,  91  Acres, 
A  Superb  Collection  of  •  , 
Herbaceous  Plants^.. 
Four  Acres  of  Glass, 
Clematis  (80,000)  from  lS/-doz. 
N.B. — Single  Plants  are  sold  at 
slightly  increased  prices. 
GENERAL  CATALOGUE 
.(Nearly  IPO  pages)  of  Nursery  StocK, 
artistically  produced  containing 
dome  hundreds  of  illustrations, 
and  full  of  valuabl-  information, 
free  on  receipt  of  .  for  postage. 
Please  mention  this  Paper. 
R(CHARD~SMITH  &C?.  WORCESTER 
LONDON  FERN  NURSERIES, 
LouGiiiiORO’  Junction,  London,  S.W.— Stove  and  Green¬ 
house  Ferns,  large  and  small,  in  var.,  Aralias,  Grevilleas, 
Cyperus,  Ficus,  Ericas,  Palms,  Dracienas,  Aspidistras,  Roses, 
Azaleas,  Carnations,  Crotons,  Camellias,  Chrysanthemums, 
Cyclamen,  Bouvardlas,  Asparagus,  Araucarias,  Solanums, 
Aspidistras,  Cinerarias,  Genistas,  Marguerites,  Geraniums, 
Primulas,  Orange  Trees,  &c.  Trade,  send  for  Wholesale 
List.  Special  Retail  Catalogue,  free.— J.  E.  SMITH. 
PROVE  FOR  YOURSELF  THAT 
WEST’S  PATENT  CARDEN  SUNDRIES 
PLANTS  PROTECT,  MONEY  SAVE, 
and  LABOUR  EASE. 
By  sending  postcard  for  Samples  and  Catalogue  containing  so  large 
pages,  witli  lOO  Illustrations,  with  Hints  ou.  Horticulture. 
C.  E.  WEST  ROUNDHAY. 
SUFFICIENT  ADDRESS. 
Jfrui[nirl  uf  §artii[ultei[t 
THURSDAY,  MAY  1,  1902. 
Clubbing  and  Galling. 
of  us  at  some  time  or 
another  in  pulling  up  a  Turnip 
or  a  Cabbage  stump  have 
noticed  galls  at  the  base  of  the 
stem  or  under  the  bulb  of  the 
Turnip,  varying  in  size  from  a 
Pea  to  a  small  Walnut,  as  well  as 
curious  gland-like  swellings,  which 
have  taken  the  place  of  the  roots.  The 
former  of  these  diseases  is  galling,  and  the 
latter  clubbing,  often  called  finger-and-toe, 
from  the  fantastic  shapes  it  assumes,  and 
both  are  pretty  often  confounded  and  de¬ 
scribed  as  clubbing.  There  is,  however,  a 
very  wide  difference  between  them,  though 
both  not  infrequently  occur  on  the  same 
plant. 
Galling  is  caused  by  the  action  of  a  small 
weevil  which  deposits  its  eggs  in  the  plant* 
from  which  maggots  are  hatched  out,  which 
continue  to  live  in  the  tissues  of  the  plant, 
the  excitation  of  the  plant  cells  causing  the 
rounded  swellings  or  galls,  and  being  a  similar 
process  to  the  formation  of  Oak  Apples  or 
any  other  galls.  If  one  of  these  galls  is  cut 
open  it  will  be  found  to  contain  a  maggot  or 
grub,  a  familiar  sight  to  anyone  who  has 
peeled  Turnips.  It  of  course  injures  the 
growth  of  the  plant  very  considerably,  but 
yet  is  not  nearly  so  serious  as  the  true 
clubbing,  which  often  completely  destroys 
the  plant,  and  in  any  case  prevents  it  reach¬ 
ing  maturity.  The  latter  is  caused  by  a  slime 
fungus,  a  parasitic  growth  which  takes  up 
its  abode  in  the  tissues  of  the  roots  and  lives 
upon  the  nutritious  juices  of  the  plant,  the 
cells  containing  and  in  proximity  to  the 
fungus  being  so  stimulated  thereby  that  they 
swell  and  produce  the  remarkable  shapes 
which  give  the  parasite  one  of  its  names. 
This  swelling  is  accompanied,  or  speedily 
followed,  by  the  decay  of  the  roots  of  the 
EADERS  are  requested  to  send  notices  of  Gardening 
Appointments  or  Notes  of  Horticultural  Interest, 
imations  of  Meetings,  Queries,  and  all  Articles  for 
blicatiou,  officially  to  “  THE  EDITOR  ”  at 
Mitre  Court  Chambers,  Fleet  Street, 
ndon,  E.C.,  and  to  no  otnet  person  arud  to  no  other- 
Iress. 
No.  1140.— VoL.  XLIV.,  Third  Series. 
