July  4, 1901. 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER . 
1 
RIVERS’ 
FRUIT  TREES, 
Roses,  Vines, 
FIGS,  ORANGES, 
AND 
Orchard-House  Trees. 
BEGONIA 
A  LARGE  AND  SELECT  STOCK 
ALWAYS  ON  VIEW. 
CLEAN  HEALTHY  PLANTS  AT  LOW  PRICES. 
Always  worth  a  visit  of  inspection.  Kindly  send  for  Cala  ogue. 
NEW  LIST  NOW  READY. 
Exotic  Nurseries,  CHELTENHAM. 
THIRTY  GOLD,  SILVER-GILT,  and  SILVER 
MEDALS  for 
EXHIBITS 
ONLY. 
The  Largest  and  Best  Collection  in  Existence. 
Send  for  CATALOGUE  before  ordering. 
B.  R.  DAYIS  &  SONS,  Nurseries,  YEOYIL,  SOM, 
ILLUSTRATED  AND  DESCRIPTIVE  CATALOGUE, 
Post  Free,  3d. 
THOMAS  RIVERS  &  SON, 
SAWBRIDGEWORTH,  HERTS. 
HARLOW  STATION.  G.E.R. 
PRIMULAS!  PRIMULAS!  PRIMULAS! 
Williams’  and  other  superb  strains,  also  Primula  Obconica, 
CINERARIAS  and  BEGONIAS,  1/6  per  dozen,  10/- 100. 
Double  White  Primulas,  6d.  each.  All  the  above  fit  for 
3  and  4-in.  pots,  and  carriage  free  for  cash  with  order. 
JOHN  STEVENS,  The  Nurseries,  COVENTRY. 
GLIBRANS 
ANTHURIUM  FLETCHERIANUM. 
.  .  .  .  “Anthurium  Fletcherianum  was  another  inter¬ 
esting  plant,  with  bold  leafage,  and  a  deep  crimson 
spathe  about  8  inches  long  by  nearly  6  inches  broad." 
—  Gardeners'  Magazine ,  March  16,  1901. 
....  “It  would  be  difficult  to  find  one  to  surpass  it 
in  brilliancy  of  colour . The  spathes  are  more 
than  7  inches  long,  and  of  a  rich,  dark,  glossy 
crimson.” — The  Garden,  June  8,  1901. 
Price  10/6  to  31/6  each. 
NEW  TREE  CARNATIONS. 
Baron  Rothschild.  — Orange-buff,  tipped  crimson, 
beautifully  fragrant,  non-bursting  calyx,  1/6  and  2/6 
Countess  Ferrers.— A  superb  salmon-pink,  delici¬ 
ously  fragrant  . 2/6  and  3/6 
Mrs.  Clibran. — A  lovely  reddish-rose,  edged  pure 
white,  very  fragrant . 6/-  and  7/6 
Mrs.  Weller. —Primrose  -  yellow,  margined  bright 
crimson  ;  a  vigorous  grower  . .  . .  5/-  and  7  /6 
See  Special  List  for  other  varieties. 
NEW  SHOW  PELARGONIUMS. 
Lady  West  Ridgway.— Pure  white  ground,  with  a 
ruby  feather  on  each  petal ;  vigorous  habit,  and  free 
bloomer . 2/6  and  3/6 
Oldfield  Defiance.— Lower  petals  pale  heliotrope, 
with  a  small  ruby-carmine  blotch,  upper  petals 
purple-maroon  with  a  heliotrope  margin,  2/6  anl  3/6 
Oldfield  Gem.—  Upper  petals  deep  maroon,  lower 
petals  brilliant  scarlet,  blotched  crimson-flake  at 
base  ;  a  grand  variety  . 2/6  and  3/6 
CLIBRANS  MEW  CATALOGUE 
Contains  full  descriptions,  cultural  bints,  and  all  par- 
.ticulars  relating  to  New,  Rare,  and  Beautiful  Plants, 
Gratis  and  Post  Free. 
THURSDAY,  JULY  4,  1901 
Fruit  Tlpning. 
ALTRINCHAM  &  MANCHESTER. 
PURE  WOOD  CHARCOAL,  Specially  Prepared 
for  Horticultural  use.  Extract  from  the  Journal  of 
Horticulture :  “  Charcoal  is  invaluable  as  a  manurial  agent ; 
each  little  piece  is  a  pantry  full  of  the  good  things  of  this 
life.  Therb  is  no  cultivated  plant  which  is  not  benefited  by 
having  Charcoal  applied  to  the  soil  in  which  it  is  rooted.” 
Apply  for  Pamphlet  and  Prices  to  the  Manufacturers — 
HIRST,  BROOKE  A  HIRST,  Ltd.,  Leeds. 
VINE  CULTURE  UNDER  GLASS.— 
By  J.  R.  Pearson,  The  Nurseries,  Chilwell,  near 
Nottingham.  Price  1/- ;  post  free,  1/1.  Fifth  Edition 
Office:  12,  Mitre  Court  Chambers,  Fleet  St.,  E.C. 
T  is  one  of  the  unaccountable 
JF  phases  of  practical  gardening  that 
so  few  systematically®reduce  the 
fruit  on  hardy  trees  to  a  crop 
within  the  capacity  of  the  tree  to 
perfect.  Peaches  and  Nectarines  are 
the  two  fruits  that  one^may  say  with 
safety  are  always  duly  thinned  ;  next  to 
these  Apricots,  and  all  the  rest  are  left  to 
Nature.  It  is  the  object  of  this  short  note  to 
indicate  the  main  evils  resulting  from  this  practice, 
[  and  the  benefits  that  invariably  follow  the  reduction 
of  crops  to  proper  limit. 
First  of  all,  however,  there  is  the  bugbear  of 
labour  to  be  disposed  of ;  where  or  how  can  time  be 
i  spared  at  the  busiest  season  of  the  year  to  examine 
carefully  every  tree  on  walls  and  in  the  open 
quarters,  and  remove  superabundant  fruit  ?  In 
I  practice  this  is  happily  not  so  very  difficult,  and  in 
the  majority  of  gardens,  taking  an  average  of 
years,  and  one  fruit  with  another,  something  like 
three  hours  is  sufficient  time  to  thin  all  the  trees 
of  each  species.  Apples,  of  course,  require  a  longer 
time,  but  in  the  case  of  these  the  fruit  is  not  all 
ready  at  once,  so  that  two  or  three  weeks  can  be 
WEST’S  PLANT  GRIP  STAKES. — Everlasting  double-grip 
stakes  for  instantly  staking  all  plants.  Send  postcard  for  Illustrated 
Catalogue. 
WEST’S  PATENT  VAPORISING  FUMIGATOR.— Made  all  of 
metal.  Will  last  a  lifetime  without  wick  or  further  trouble.  Price 
complete,  with  spirit  for  stove,  9d.  post  free,  to  vaporise  up  to  2500  c.f. 
“WEST’S  EXTRACT  OF  NICOTINE”  is  guaranteed  pure 
Nicotine,  and  three  times  as  good  as  the  best  compound.  It  is  not  a 
compound— i.e.,  not  a  chemical  substitute  for  Nicotine,  but  will  make  a 
compound  equal  to  the  best,  if  desired,  at  lid.  per  1000  cubic  feet. 
Price  7d.  per  sealed  bottle  of  1000  cubic  feet  (6/-  dozen)  post  free: 
quantities  at  5d.  each,  carriage  paid.  Some  other 
WEST’S  patent  CARDEN  SUNDRIES 
(all  delivered  freel  are  Ivorine  and  Metal  Plant  Labels  of  all  kinds, 
from  1/10  gross  ;  Gardener’s  Fountain  Pen,  1/-  ;  Ink  Holding  Pen, 
one  dip  into  ink  lasts  an  hour’s  writing  without  again  dipping,  6d.  dozen  ; 
Waterproof  Ink,  the  only  ink  to  stand  ontside  weather,  7d.  bottle  ; 
Prepared  Green  Raffia,  2/-  lb.  ;  Plant  Clips,  1/3  gross  ;  Carnation 
Rings,  1/3  gross  ;  Hyacinth  Supports,  3/-  dozen  ;  Layering  Pegs, 
1/6  per  gross  ;  Metal  Tree  Fasteners,  for  permanently  fastening  wall 
trees,  1/10  gross;  Wall  Nails,  same  price  as  ordinary  nails;  Glazing  Staples,  1/6  gross;  Plant  Pots,  also  Pans,  3/- 
cast  any  size  (card,  ford.);  Pot  Suspenders;  Pot  Crocks;  Orchid  Baskets;  Garden  Syringe:  Spray  Difffiser, 
for  spraying  insecticide,  Ac.,  complete,  2/6;  Powder  Diffuser,  for  diffusing  powder  on  plants,  filled,  II- ;  Flower 
Grip  Holders  of  all  kinds ;  Greenhouse  Shading,  9d.  tins— if  not  satisfactory  after  trial  money  will  be  returned  ; 
Mushroom  Spawn,  very  prolific,  4/-  per  bushel ;  Insecticide,  1/3  dozen  boxes;  Mealy  Bug  Destroyer,  7d.  bottles  ; 
Horticultural  Soap,  l£lb  tins,  1/-;  Powder  Weed  Killer,  if  not  the  best  and  cheapest  after  trial  money  will  be 
returned,  1/6  tin,  makes  16  to  50 'gallons  ;  Slug  Killer  Powder,  certain  destruction  to  slugs,  Ac.,  and  a  splendid 
fertiliser,  from  lb.  tins,  9d.  ;  Lawn  Sand,  kills  all  weeds  and  nourishes  the  Grass,  from  lb.  tins,  9d.  :  Tobacco 
Powder,  extra  tine  ground,  from  9d.  tins ;  Seed  Germinator,  Od.  boxes  (lasts  for  years),  no  seed  should  be  sown 
without  a  dressing  of  this;  Fertiliser,  perfect  plant  food,  from  lb.  tins,  9d. ;  Manures,  Ac.,  Ac.  All  carriage 
and  package  free.  SAMPLES  GRATIS. 
It  will  pay  you  well,  to  save  your  plants  from  dying,  to  send  direct  to  the  only  manufacturer  ef  All  Garden 
Sundries,  C.  E.  WEST,  ROUNDHAY,  for  full  Illustrated  Catalogue,  with  hints  on  horticulture.  No  agents  or 
trade  terms,  so  buy  at  the  maker’s  low  prices. 
“  Orchid  Culture,”  third  edition,  postage  3d.  Gives  full  particulars  of  the  cultivation  of  Orchids. 
allowed  to  intervene  between  the  time  devoted  to 
the  work.  This  applies  equally  to  other  fruits. 
Apricots  are  ready  to  manipulate  long  before  any 
other  fruit,  then  come  Plums  and  Pears,  followed 
by  the  Apple.  In'p.actice,  therefore,  a  few  morning 
or  evening  hours  set  apart  to  each  kind  of  fruit 
enables  a  practitioner,  who  knows  what  he  wants 
'  to  do,  to  attain  his  object  without  having  to  worry 
:  over  a  waste  of  time ;  and  in  connection  with  this  it 
]  must  be  remembered  that  the  labour  of  gathering 
the  crop  is  considerably  lessened  by  an  outlay  of  a 
little  extra  work  at  the  thinning  stage.  The  evils 
of  over-production,  though  apparent,  are,  I  am 
afraid,  too  often  uunoticed.  The  fruit  itself  is 
always  under-sized  and  of  poor  quality,  not  in¬ 
frequently  unuseable.  The  trees  are  weakened, 
and  their  powers  of  bearing  lessened,  sometimes  so 
READERS  are  requested  to  send  Notices  of  Gardening 
Appointments  or  Notes  of  Horticultural  Interest, 
Intimations  of  Meetings,  Queries,  and  all  Articles  for 
Publication,  officially  to  “  THE  EDITOR,”  at 
12,  Mitre  Court  Chambers,  Fleet  Street, 
London,  E.C.,  and  to  no  other  person  and  to  no  oth«» 
addres*! 
No.  1097.— Vol  XLIII.,  Third  Series. 
