8 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER. 
July  4,  190 1. 
material  added  may  be,  by  forking  and  turning  the  soil,  more  freely 
mixed.  This,  however,  can  be  done  a  little  time  before  planting.  If 
marl  or  clay  brought  to  a  pulverised  condition,  and  spread  on  the 
surface  of  light  soil,  working  it  in  prior  to  planting,  much  benefit  will 
accrue  to  the  ground  intended  for  Rose  growing.  The  best  method  of 
permanently  improving  heavy  soil  is  to  insure  that  it  is  drained,  and 
to  efficiently  work  it  tor  a  whole  twelve  months  prior  to  planting.  A 
winter’s  exposure,  when  it  is  in  a  roughly  dug  condition,  will  do  a 
vast  amount  of  good  ;  then  breaking  up,  manuring,  and  growing  a 
summer’s  crop  upon  it,  will  still  further  enhance  its  value  and  render 
its  mechanical  condition  more  perfect.  Roses  like  stiff  soil  it  is  true, 
bnt  they  like  it  to  be  aerated,  permeable  to  roots,  and  a  store  of  food 
material  available.  These  conditions  are  more  or  less  fulfilled  under 
good  cultivation. 
The  varieties  of  Roses  which  may  be  grown  as  bushes  include  Tea 
Roses  as  among  the  best.  These  are  popular,  useful,  sweetly  scented, 
and  bloom  over  a  long  period.  Almost  all  the  varieties  may  be  so 
grown,  but  the  following  varieties  may  be  mentioned : — Anna  Olivier, 
flesh  colour,  with  a  large  and  good  flower  ;  Belle  Lyonnaise  is  a  deep 
canary  yellow  tinted  with  salmon,  a  pretty  and  desirable  variety  of 
vigorous  growth  ;  Catherine  Mermet,  flesh  colour  ;  Cheshunt  Hybrid, 
cherry  carmine,  not  one  of  the  best  for  bushes  because  of  its  very 
vigorous  shoots.  Gloire  de  Dijon,  also  very  vigorous,  but  a  most 
useful,  early,  and  late  blooming  variety  ;  it  is  not  well  adapted  for  small 
bush  treatment.  There  is,  however,  a  system  of  growing  this  variety, 
and  also  Cheshunt  Hybrid,  in  beds  on  the  pegging-down  system,  or  train¬ 
ing  the  long  growths  over  bent  stakes  inserted  across  the  beds,  though 
the  growths  may  be  pegged  or  secured  towards  the  soil.  This  system 
has  the  advantage  of  securing  an  immense  amount  of  bloom,  and  the 
treatment  suits  the  habit  of  these  particular  Roses.  The  old  growths 
are  cut  out  entirely  when  the  flowering  is  over.  This  constitutes  the 
main  pruning;  the  rest  consists  in  shortening  the  unripe  points  of  the 
long  growths  in  winter  or  spring,  also  in  removing  weakly  shoots. 
Other  varieties  too,  especially  of  strong-growing  Tea  Roses  and 
vigorous  Hybrid  Perpetuals,  may  be  treated  in  the  same  way.  Much 
may  be  learnt  of  the  habits  and  capabilities  of  Roses  by  treating;  them 
in  various  ways.  Exhibition  methods  of  growing  are  often  followed 
too  closely.  Growing  Roses  for  effect  in  the  garden  requires  that  the 
pruning  should  be  less  severe,  in  order  that  the  quantity  of  bloom  may 
be  maintained. — E.  D.  S. 
A  Garden  Resplendent  with  Roses. 
Great  Rose  shows  are  pleasurable  and  valuable  for  many  reasons, 
and  this  is  especially  true  of  the  one  held  to-day  under  the  auspices  of 
the  N.R.S.  It  may  indeed  be  termed  the  “queen,”  around  which 
cluster  all  the  notables  of  the  Rose  world.  At  the  show  to-day 
the  visitor  finds  the  choicest  of  old  varieties  and  the  newest 
among  the  new,  so  that  exhibitors  and  visitors  may  judge  if  any  of 
the  latter  are  superior  to  the  former.  In  the  show  tent  we  look  for 
huge  flowers  of  great  substance,  perfect  form,  and  fine  colour,  as  the 
exhibitor  strives  by  the  aid  of  high  feeding  and  special  attention  to 
stage  each  flower  in,  to  quote  the  words  of  a  great  rosarian,  “the 
highest  phase  of  their  possible  beauty.”  Such  flowers  should  surely 
stimulate  many  visitors  to  add  to  their  list  of  varieties  some  of  the 
good  things  noted  down  while  viewing  the  “  feast  of  Roses,”  and 
should  also  cause  them  to  make  a  firm  determination  to  grow  them 
equally  well.  Success  may  not  comb  at  first,  but  the  man  or  woman 
who  keeps  on  long  enough  will  always  succeed  in  the  end. 
There  are  some  Roses,  however,  which  are  not  seen  at  their  best 
at  the  shows  ;  one  must  go  into  the  garden  and  see  them  rambling 
over  pillar  or  arch,  bearing  countless  clusters  of  flowers,  to  get  a  faint 
idea  of  their  beauty.  True,  such  kinds  are  often  staged  in  bunches 
at  shows,  but  such  exhibits  convey  but  a  poor  idea  of  their  capabilities 
in  beautifying  a  garden.  The  garden  resplendent  with  Roses  should 
have  beds  of  dwarfs  and  standards  for  the  purpose  of  giving  fine 
flowers,  but  the  many  other  types  of  Roses  which  bear  myriads  of 
blossoms  should  be  fully  represented,  too ;  without  them  no  garden 
is  complete.  Crimson  Rambler  has  now  been  long  established  as  a 
favourite,  as  it  grows  so  freely,  and  bears  huge  clusters  of  flowers.  In 
some  light  soils  it  often  fails  to  grow  freely  the  first  year  after 
planting  ;  but  when  once  established  it  sends  up  long  trailing  shoots 
each  year  with  unfailing  regularity. 
I  must  confess,  however,  that  I  have  no  great  liking  for  a  mass 
of  crimson-coloured  flowers,  for  to  my  mind  they  are  seen  to  better 
advantage  when  associated  with  white  or  yellow.  Allister  Stella  Gray, 
the  popular  yellow  Noisette,  i3  one  of  the  best  things  I  know  of  for 
planting  with  Crimson  Rambler  so  that  their  flowers  may  intermingle. 
If  a  white  is  preferred  to  a  yellow  variety,  plant  Rampant,  Thoresbyana, 
or  Polyantha  grandiflora.  Claire  Jacquier,  a  strong-growing  climber 
bearing  nankeen  yellow  flowers,  ought  to  be  more  generally  grown  on 
account  of  its  peculiar  beauty.  Fortune’s  Yellow  is  a  lovely  Rose 
always  admired  when  seen  in  the  bud ;  it  is  scarcely  hardy  enough  to 
plant  againRt  arches  except  in  very  warm  situations,  but  on  a  south 
wall,  if  allowed  to  ramble  freely  it  is  one  of  the  earliest  varieties  to 
flower,  and  therefore  of  special  value.  Other  hardy  climbing  Roses 
which  may  always  be  depended  upon  to  flower  freely,  are  The 
Garland,  flowers  nankeen  and  pink  ;  Leopold  d’Orleans,  white  tipped 
red;  Gracilis,  pink;  and  that  general  favourite,  Felicitd  Perpetue, 
creamy  white. 
Very  little  pruning  is  necessary  with  the  varieties  above 
enumerated,  but  after  they  have  covered  their  allotted  space,  dead 
and  enfeebled  shoots  should  be  cut  away  to  make  room  for  young 
ones.  This  work  ought,  if  possible,  to  be  done  immediately  after 
flowering,  as  the  young  shoots  retained  then  have  plenty  of  room 
to  develop  and  get  properly  ripened.  I  ought  to  have  included 
Ayrshire  Ruga  in  the  above  list,  because  when  treated  properly  it 
bears  grand  flowers  of  a  pale  flesh  colour.  Thin  out  the  shoots  and 
do  no  shortening,  and  it  will  flower  splendidly ;  prune  it  hard,  and 
few,  if  any,  blooms  will  be  produced.  It  is  a  very  strong  grower, 
and  the  bright  red  colour  of  the  shoots  is  attractive  during  late 
summer  and  autumn. 
A  Plea  for  Moss  Roses. 
Who  has  not  a  warm  corner  in  their  hearts  for  those  delightful 
Rose  buds  which  nestle  between  a  network  of  moss-like  greenery  ?  All, 
I  think,  profess  to  admire,  but  how  few  grow  them.  Let  us,  indeed, 
hope  that  in  the  days  soon  to  come  they  will  receive  the  attention 
their  merits  entitle  them  to.  Beds  devoted  entirely  to  Moss  Roses 
wouid  in  their  season  look  particularly  attractive,  and  others  filled 
principally  with  dwarf  Hybrid  Perpetuals,  with  a  few  Moss  Roses 
interspersed,  would  create  a  new  and  pleasing  feature  in  many 
gardens.  Here  is  a  good  selection  of  varieties,  which  I  think  will 
suit  the  tastes  of  all.  I  hope  that  thousands  will  plant  and  grow 
them  well  Blanche  Moreau,  pure  white,  of  good  form;  Perpetual 
White;  Madame  Wm.  Paul,  bright  rose;  Salet,  pale  pink  ;  Lanei, 
rose  crimson  ;  Celine,  crimson  ;  Gloire  de  Mousseuses,  pale  rose ; 
Little  Gem,  crimson,  beautifully  mossed ;  and  last,  but  by  no  means 
least,  those  three  old  and  much  esteemed  kinds — viz.,  White  Bath; 
Crested,  rosy  pink ;  and  the  Common  Moss,  pale  rose.  The  weak 
growers  should  be  pruned  hard,  and  the  strong  ones  shortened  but 
moderately;  no  difficulty  will  then  be  experience!  in  getting  them 
all  to  flower  freely.  In  rich  warm  soil,  where  they  succeed  well,  a 
few  isolated  bushes  should  be  established  on  lawns,  when  they  may 
be  grown  into  large  specimens,  and  add  largely  to  the  joys  of  summer. 
There  are  yet  many  types  of  Roses  to  treat  of,  as  well  as  various 
ways  in  which  they  may  be  grown.  Remarks  concerning  them 
must,  however,  be  deferred  to  another  issue,  when,  among  other  points, 
I  hope  to  deal  with  the  interesting  one  of  forming  Rose  hedges — 
those  popular  inventions  of  modern  brains,  or,  shall  I  write,  a  form  of 
culture  copied  from  Nature’s  book. — H.  D. 
Boursault  Roses. 
Many  of  our  town  and  suburban  villa  gardens  are  now  resplendent 
with  this  decorative  and  easily  grown  class  of  Roses.  Originating 
from  Rosa  alpina,  a  native  of  the  Alps,  they  are  extremely  hardy, 
growing  vigorously  and  flowering  freely  in  most  unfavourable 
situations.  For  training  on  trellises,  pergolas,  pillars,  they  are  also 
specially  suitable,  the  long  smooth  flexible  growths  being  easily  bent 
in  any  direction. 
In  pruning,  the  old  wood  should  be  thinned  out  and  the  yonng 
growths  slightly  shortened.  The  following  are  the  most  distinct 
varieties : — Amadis,  or  Crimson,  with  large  semi-double  purple 
crimson  flowers  ;  Blush  Boursault,  with  very  large  double  blush  flowers  ; 
Eiegans,  semi-double  rosy  crimson  ;  Gracilis,  full  rosy  red. 
Passing  through  a  Ftfeshire  health  resort  lately  I  noted  a  charming 
effect  made  by  Boursault  and  Gloire  Roses  planted  alternately. — W.  L. 
Rose  Marechal  Niel  Outdoors. 
It  is  freely  conceded  by  rosarians  that  this  beautiful  Rose  is  suited 
only  for  conservatory  decoration,  and  rarely  do  we  find  it  growing  and 
flowering  well  outdoors;  especially  is  this  the  case  in  even  sheltered 
situations  north  of  the  Tweed.  I  was  therefore  much  surprised  when 
last  autumn  I  came  across  a  good  specimen  of  the  variety  making 
luxuriant  growths  and  flowering  well  on  the  eastern  gable  of  a  small 
cottage  in  central  Perthshire.  The  occupier  (who  is,  by  the  way,  a 
successful  and  very  enterprising  amateur)  informed  me  that  he  had 
experienced  little  difficulty  in  getting  it  established  and  acclimatised, 
and  that  it  required  only  a  few  Spruce  branches  to  protect  it  during 
severe  winter  weather.  As  this  district  is  one  of  the  most  exposed, 
and  being  far  inland  registers  more  frost  than  most  parts  of  Scotland, 
I  was  quite  at  a  loss  to  account  for  the  phenomenon,  when  I  recollected 
that  the  kitchen  fire  was  exactly  opposite  the  spot  where  the  Rose  was 
planted,  and  that  the  heat  generated  by  the  fire  in  conjunction  with 
the  protective  branches  would  succeed  in  sufficiently  warding  off  frost. 
Other  Roses  doing  well  on  the  south  and  western  sides  were  W.  A. 
Richardson,  Gloire  de  Dijon,  Reine  Marie  Henriette,  and  a  semi¬ 
double  scarlet  with  smooth  wood  resembling  a  Boursault,  but  keeping 
up  a  profusion  of  flower  all  the  season.  Striking  freely  from  cuttings, 
it  is  much  in  evidence  in  that  part. — W.  L.,  Edinburgh. 
