264 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  vOTTAGE  GARDENER. 
September  19,  1901. 
Anemones. 
Under  such  a 
laconic  title,  a 
treatment  of  the 
whole  genus  might 
justifiably  be  en¬ 
tered  upon  ;  only, 
that  is  not  our 
present  purpose. 
The  lovely  repre¬ 
sentation  of  a  truss  of  the  Giant 
French  Anemones  shown  above 
was  furnished  by  Messrs.  Sutton 
and  Sons,  and  depicts  in  a  very 
lucid  manner  the  handsome  pro¬ 
portions  and  bold  effectiveness  of 
thete  spring  flowers.  Until  one  sees  them 
tasteiully  arranged  in  a  spray  like  this,  it 
may  not  dawn  on  our  minds  that  such 
flowers  are  so  beautiful  as  we  here  see  them 
fo  be.  These  “  Giant  French,”  we  under¬ 
stand,  are  varieties  of  Anemone  coronaria, 
and  are  potted-up  largely  at  this  season 
for  early  spring  decorative  uses.  Or  they  are  planted 
in  well-sheltered,  sunny  borders,  and  even  in  grass. 
The  scarlet  Windflower,  A.  fulgens,  is,  however, 
much  more  commendable  for  planting  in  grassy 
grounds,  and  the  Pasque  Flower,  A.  Pulsatilla,  has, 
perhaps,  the  greatest  effect  in  borders,  excepting,  of 
course,  such  as  the  Apennine  Anemone,  also  Robin- 
soniana,  Hepatica,  and  nemorosa.  The  Dutch  and 
French  Anemones  are  usually  more  carefully  culti¬ 
vated,  however,  than  those  we  have  just  named,  and 
this  is  chiefly  because  the  latter  are  so  large,  so  brilliant,  and  so  con- 
epicuous.  The  genus  is  varied,  and  includes  a  number  of  our  best 
prized  dwarf  hardy  flowers,  not  omitting,  of  course,  the  taller  Japanese 
Anemones. 
Giant  French 
Anemones. 
Amaryllis  Belladonna.  —  Every 
autumn  seve  al  borders  at  Kew  are 
charming  sights,  by  reason  of  the  flower- 
ing  of  the  above  plant,  the  delicate  blend¬ 
ing  of  the  pink  and  white  of  the  flowers 
making  it  a  general  favourite.  The 
vigorous  way  in  which  it  grows  in  these 
borders  proves  it  to  be  quite  at  home. 
The  borders  are  narrow,  and  extend  along 
the  walls  of  warm  houses,  consequently 
the  soil,  which  is  light  loam,  is  kept 
warm  and  dry  from  the  heat  of  the  wall. 
At  Kew,  in  addition  to  the  type,  a  variety 
known  as  A.  B.  kewensis  is  grown.  It 
differs  from  the  species  by  reason  of  its 
longer  and  stronger  flower  scapes,  and 
its  correspondingly  larger  umbels  of 
flowers. — K.' 
There  are  many  diseases  incidental  to  bulbs.  Of  those  crnsed  by 
fuDgous  plants  there  is  the  Japan  Lily  disease  (Rhizopus  necaus),  which 
sometimes  ruins  the  Lily  bulbs — Lilium  auratum  and  L.  speciosum — 
raised  in  Japan  for  exportation  to  Europe.  There  is  the  Sclerotinia 
(S.  tuberosa),  that  plays  havoc  with  cultivated  species  of  Anemones  as 
well  as  the  Wood  Anemone  (A.  nemorosa).  Drooping  disease  of  Pseonies 
(Sclerotinia  pseomse),  causing  healthy  looking  plants  to  become  limp  some  time 
before  the  period  of  blooming,  the  stem  to  drcop,  and  the  plant  to  die  in  a  few 
days.  Tulip  mould  (Sclerotinia  parasitica)  often  kills  cultivated  Tulips  in,  and 
above  ground.  Snowdrop  mildew  (Sclerotinia  galanthina),  that  seizes  on  the  bulb, 
causing  leaves  and  flowers  to  be  so  affected  by  the  conidial  stage  (Botrytis 
galanthina)  that  they  do  not  develop  properly.  Lily  disease  (Sclerotmia  sp.)  not 
unlrequently  causes  the  collapse  of  the  leaves  of  the  White  Lily  (Lilium  candidum). 
Colchicum  smut  (Urocystis  colchici)  destroys  the  leaves  of  Colchicum  (C.  autum- 
nale),  and  another  smut  (Uromyces  colchici)  levels  the  foliage  of  Colchicum 
speciosum,  and  attacks  C.  bavaricum  and  C.  autumnale.  Irises,  Freesias,  Antholyzas,  and 
Hemerocallis  sometimes  have  their  leaves  disfigured  or  killed  by  spot  disease  (Heterosporium 
gracile).  Iris  bulb  scab  (Mystrosporium  adustum)  occasionally  sweeps  off  the  bulbous  Irids 
especially  Iris  reticulata  bulbs.  Olivia  leaf  blotch  (Chsetostroma  clivise)  collapses  the  leaves  of 
Olivias.  Hyacinth  bacteriosis  (Bacterium  byacinthi)  attacks  the  resting  bulbs  of  Hyacinths,  and 
produces  yellow  spots  on  them  and  the  leaves.  And,  lastly  (for  I  may  go  on  indefinitely  in  respect 
ot  fungous  diseases),  there  is  basal-rot  of  Daffodils  (Bacterium  Narcissi),  which  is  often  aided  by 
blue-mould  (Penicillium  glaucum)  passed  from  saprophytic  to  a  parasitic  mode  of  life,  and  not 
unfrequently  abetted  by  the  maggots  of  the  St.  Mark’s  fly  (Bibio  Marci). 
Of  animal  pe.-ts,  mention  may  be  made  of  the  Narcissus  fly  (Mercdin  clavipes),  often  found 
as  a  maggot  in  imported  bulbs  of  Narcissus  and  Daffodil.  The  wireworm  (Elater  lineatus),  with 
other  allied  grubs,  frequently  plays  havoc  with  roots  and  even  bulbs  of  some  bulbous  plants.  Then 
there  are  root  mites,  nasty  things  on  human  flesh,  and  not  uncommon  on  Hyacinth  and  other 
bulbs,  feeding  on  and  between  the  scales,  and  even  on  those  without  scales,  such  as  cormsof  Gladioli. 
It,  Rhizoglyptius  echinopus,  is  the  cause  of  more  bulbs  dwindling  and  dying  off  than  is  generally 
credited.  Whiteworm  (Enchytrseus  parvulus)  sucks  the  roots,  causing  decay.  Eelworm  (Tylenchus 
devastatrix  and  T.  obtusus)  are  not  difficult  to  find  in  the  case  of  sickly  looking  bulbous  plants, 
for  the  roots  are  more  or  less  decayed,  and  the  pests  at  least  help  forward,  if  not  actually  cause, 
the  resolution  of  living,  into  dead  matter.  Enough,  Nature  has  her  “eye”  on  the  weaklings  and 
fatlings,  and  it  is  only  the  progressives  in  sturdiness  and  resistiveness  that  are  able  to  contend  with 
the  scavengers  successfully.  This  may  appear  an  old  phase  of  predisposition,  but  I  hold  that  soil 
conditions  and  surrounding  circumstances  come  not  within  this  category,  for  the  apparently 
healthy,  neither  weakly  nor  soggy,  are  liable  to  infection,  it  being  only  a  question  of  degree,  and 
that  the  only  palliative  is  to  be  found  in  repressive  measures,  for  surely  no  cultivator  would 
Disease  in  Bulbs. 
